Code Copying : : The Strength of Languages in Take-Over and Carry-over Roles / / Lars Johanson.

• Superior document: Brill's Studies in Language, Cognition and Culture Series ; Volume 38
• VerfasserIn: Johanson, Lars, 1936-
• Place / Publishing House: Leiden, The Netherlands : : Koninklijke Brill nv,, [2023]; ©2023
• Year of Publication: 2023
• Edition: First edition.
• Language: English
• Series: Brill's studies in language, cognition and culture ; Volume 38.
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (165 pages)

"This book presents Lars Johanson's Code-Copying Model, an integrated framework for the description of contact-induced processes. The model covers all the main contact linguistic issues in their synchronic and diachronic interrelationship. The terminology is kept intuitive and simple to apply. Illustrative examples from a wide range of languages demonstrate the model's applicability to both spoken and written codes. The fundamental difference between 'take-over' copying and 'carry-over' copying is given special value. Speakers can take over copies from a secondary code into their own primary code, or alternatively carry over copies from their own primary code into their variety of a secondary code. The results of these two types of copying are significantly different and thus provide insights into historical processes"-- Provided by publisher.

Table of Contents

Intro -- ‎Contents -- ‎Preface -- ‎Acknowledgements -- ‎Figures and Examples -- ‎Abbreviations -- ‎Notations -- ‎Transcription -- ‎Chapter 1. The Code-Copying Model -- ‎1. Introduction -- ‎2. Basic Code and Model Code -- ‎3. Take-over and Carry-over Copying -- ‎4. Code Switching and Code Mixing -- ‎5. Global and Selective Copying -- ‎6. The Contact Globe -- ‎7. The Order of Influence -- ‎8. Copying Is a Creative Act -- ‎9. Attractiveness -- ‎10. Contact Processes -- ‎11. Extremely High Levels of Copying -- ‎12. Historical Stratification -- ‎13. Distinguishing Carry-over and Take-over Copying -- ‎14. Example of Carry-over Copying: Linguistic Convergence in the Volga Area -- ‎Chapter 2. Global Copies -- ‎Chapter 3. Selective Copies -- ‎1. Selective Copying of Material/Phonological Features -- ‎2. Selective Copying of Semantic Features -- ‎3. Selective Copying of Combinational Features -- ‎4. Semantic-Combinational Copies -- ‎4.1. Postpositions Modelled on Prepositional Patterns -- ‎4.2. Combinational Copying in Clause Junction -- ‎5. Selective Copying of Frequential Patterns -- ‎5.1. Frequential Copies in Clause Junction -- ‎6. Mixed Copies -- ‎6.1. Mixed Copies with Junctors -- ‎7. Distributional Classes -- ‎8. Degree of Complexity -- ‎9. Accommodation of Copies -- ‎Chapter 4. Code-Copying and Grammaticalization -- ‎1. Isomorphism -- ‎2. Combined Scheme -- ‎3. Aikhenvald's 'Grammatical Accommodation' as a Case of Selective Copying -- ‎4. Diachronic Processes Are Not Copiable -- ‎5. Lexical and Grammatical Targets of Copying -- ‎6. Awareness of Sources -- ‎7. Use after Copying -- ‎8. 'Inherited Grammaticalization' -- ‎9. Conceivable Carry-over-Copying of Evidentials -- ‎Chapter 5. Remodeling Languages -- ‎1. Code-Internal Development -- ‎2. Remodeling the Basic-Code Frame -- ‎3. Convergence and Divergence -- ‎4. Converging through Selective Copying.

‎5. Momentary, Habitualized, and Conventionalized Copies -- ‎Chapter 6. Turkic Family-External Contacts -- ‎Chapter 7. Code-Copying in Some Large Languages of the World -- ‎1. English -- ‎2. Chinese -- ‎3. Arabic -- ‎4. Russian -- ‎Chapter 8. Stability -- ‎Chapter 9. High-Copying Codes -- ‎1. Examples of High-Copying Languages -- ‎2. Attitudes towards High-Copying Varieties -- ‎Chapter 10. Cognates and Copies -- ‎1. Distinctions between Cognates and Copies -- ‎2. Motivations for Copying Bound Morphemes -- ‎3. Cognates and Copies in Altaic Verb Derivation -- ‎4. Copies -- ‎5. Evidence -- ‎6. Arguments from Silence -- ‎7. Copies and Copiability -- ‎8. Superstable Morphology? -- ‎9. Typological Arguments -- ‎Chapter 11. Types of Copying in Written Languages -- ‎1. Types 1 and 2: Take-over and Carry-over Copying -- ‎2. Subtypes of Type 1 Take-over Copying -- ‎3. Type 2: Carry-over Copying -- ‎4. Type 3: Alternate Use of the Codes -- ‎5. A Lower-Ranking Code Explicates Texts in Higher-Ranking Code -- ‎6. Type 5: Higher Ranking Code as Graphic Representation of the Lower Ranking Code -- ‎7. Examples of Type 1 Take-over Copying -- ‎7.1. Akkadian Take-over Influence on West Semitic -- ‎7.2. Arabic Take-over Influence on New Persian -- ‎7.3. New Persian Take-over Influence on High Ottoman -- ‎7.4. New Persian Take-over Influence on Chaghatay -- ‎8. Examples of Type 2: Carry-over Copying -- ‎8.1. Prākrit Carry-over Influence on Deviant Sanskrit -- ‎8.2. Indic Carry-over Influence on Deviant Written Chinese -- ‎8.3. Japanese Carry-over Influence on Deviant Written Chinese -- ‎8.4. Mongolian Carry-over Influence on Deviant Written Chinese -- ‎8.5. Manchu Carry-over Influence on Deviant Written Chinese -- ‎9. Examples of Type 3: Alternate Use of the Codes -- ‎9.1. Mixed Poems -- ‎9.2. Bilingual Hebrew-Romance Texts -- ‎9.3. Manchu-Chinese Mixed Poetry.

‎9.4. Mixed Text Types in Medieval British Writing -- ‎10. Examples of Type 4: Lower-Ranking Code Explicates Higher-Ranking Code -- ‎10.1. Japanese Reading Aids for Chinese Texts -- ‎10.2. Burmese Reading Aids for Pali Texts -- ‎10.3. Sinhalese Reading Aids for Pali Texts -- ‎10.4. Karaim Reading Aids for Hebrew Texts -- ‎11. Examples of Type 5: Higher-Ranking Code Represents Lower-Ranking Code -- ‎11.1. Semitic Represented in Sumerian Writing -- ‎11.2. Other Codes Represented in Cuneiform Writing -- ‎11.3. Old Persian Represented in Elamite Writing -- ‎11.4. Middle Iranian Represented in Aramaic Writing -- ‎11.5. Japanese Represented in Chinese Writing -- ‎12. A Passive-Active Scale -- ‎References -- ‎Index of Subjects -- ‎Index of Languages and Language Families -- ‎Index of Personal Names.