Snow Sports Trauma and Safety : : Conference Proceedings of the International Society for Skiing Safety: 21st Volume.

• Author: Scher, Irving S.
• TeilnehmendeR: Greenwald, Richard M.; Petrone, Nicola.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2017.; ©2017.
• Year of Publication: 2017
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (204 pages)

Table of Contents

• Intro
• Foreword
• Peer Review Policy
• Preface
• Contents
• Part I: Epidemiology and Injury Assessment
• Injury Trends in Recreational Skiers and Boarders in the 16-Year Period 1996-2012
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Material and Methods
• 3 Results
• 3.1 Injury-Related Factors
• 3.2 Skier-Related Factors
• 3.3 Equipment-Related Factors
• 4 Discussion
• 5 Conclusion
• References
• New Zealand Snow Sports Injury Trends Over Five Winter Seasons 2010-2014
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Objectives
• 3 Methods
• 4 Results
• 5 Discussion
• 6 Conclusion
• 7 Limitations
• References
• Skiing and Snowboarding in Switzerland: Trends in Injury and Fatality Rates Over Time
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Objective
• 3 Materials and Methods
• 4 Results
• 5 Discussion
• 6 Study Limitations
• 7 Conclusion
• References
• The Utility of Two National Injury Databases to Evaluate Snow-Sports Injuries in New Zealand
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Aims
• 3 Methods
• 4 Results
• 5 Discussion
• 6 Conclusion
• References
• A Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT2) for Use in Snowsports: Can the Balance Component of the Tool Be Improved?
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Objectives
• 3 Materials/Methods
• 4 Results
• 5 Discussion
• References
• Part II: Ski Bindings
• Interactions of Tech Bindings with AT Boot Toe Inserts: Part I, Binding Toe-Piece Mechanics
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Alpine Touring Bindings
• 1.2 The State of Alpine Touring Equipment
• 2 Methods
• 2.1 Boot Measurements
• 2.2 Binding Measurements
• 2.3 Release Torque Measurements
• 2.4 Statistical Analysis
• 2.4.1 Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) Analysis
• 2.4.2 Relative Contribution of Regressors to MLR Models
• 3 Results
• 3.1 Boots
• 3.2 Bindings
• 3.3 Boot-Binding Compressive Force
• 3.4 Twisting Release Torque: Toe Piece Only
• 3.5 Predicting Release Torque from Boot-Binding Constraints.
• 4 Discussion
• 5 Conclusion
• A. Appendix
• References
• Interactions of Tech Bindings with AT Boot Toe Inserts: Part II Binding in Skiing Mode
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Methods
• 2.1 Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) Analysis
• 2.2 Relative Contribution of Regressors to MLR Models
• 2.3 MLR Coefficients
• 3 Results
• 3.1 Release Torque
• 3.2 Predicting Release Torque from Boot-Binding Constraints
• 3.3 Binding Sensitivity to Boot-Binding Features
• 4 Discussion
• 5 Conclusion
• Appendix A: Statistical Tables
• References
• Special Design of Ski Plates May Improve Skiing Safety
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Methods
• 3 Results
• 3.1 Forward Release
• 3.2 Torsion Release
• 4 Discussion
• References
• Self-Release of Ski Bindings: A Sex Comparison
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Material and Method
• 2.1 Subjects
• 2.2 Study Protocol
• 2.3 Ski Binding Adjustment
• 2.4 Isometric Leg Strength Test
• 2.5 Self-Release Test
• 3 Statistics
• 4 Results
• 5 Discussion
• References
• Part III: Impact Injury Mitigation
• Computer Simulation of the Skier-Flex Pole Impact in Slalom
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Methods
• 2.1 Finite Element Modeling and Simulation
• 2.2 Impulse and Speed Loss
• 2.3 Time Loss
• 2.4 Pole Deflection
• 2.5 Pole Damage Speed
• 3 Results
• 3.1 Effect of Skier and Pole Parameters on Impulse
• 3.2 Effect of Pole Diameter and Wall Thickness on Speed and Time Loss
• 3.3 Effect of Pole Diameter and Wall Thickness on Pole Deflection and Pole Damage Speed
• 4 Discussion
• 5 Limitations
• References
• Sagittal Plane Helmet Acceleration at Pole Contact of Alpine Ski Racers is Dependent on Slalom Pole Type and Skill Level
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Acceleration
• 1.2 Poles and Training Aids
• 2 Methods
• 2.1 Subjects
• 2.2 Courses
• 2.2.1 Pole Type Used During Each Testing
• 2.2.2 Timing
• 2.2.3 Acceleration.
• 2.2.4 Skier Perception
• 3 Results
• 3.1 Time
• 3.1.1 Reliability Between Runs of Same Pole Type (Within Skier)
• 3.2 Perception
• 3.2.1 Questionnaire Results (Table 3)
• 3.3 Acceleration
• 3.3.1 Mean Acceleration Skilled vs. Less Skilled
• 3.4 Peak Acceleration
• 4 Discussion
• 4.1 Possible Explanations
• 4.1.1 Physical Contact with the Pole
• 4.1.2 Anticipatory Postural Control
• 4.1.3 Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex
• 4.1.4 Psychological Factors
• 4.1.5 Ski Pressure Management
• 4.1.6 Movement Decision Under Risk
• 4.2 What Does It Mean for Safety?
• References
• Auxetic Foam for Snow-Sport Safety Devices
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Auxetic Foam
• 2 Objective
• 3 Methods
• 3.1 Body Armour
• 3.2 Crash Pad
• 4 Results
• 4.1 Body Armour
• 4.2 Crash Barrier
• 5 Discussion
• References
• Part IV: Skier Behavior
• Recorded Speed on Alpine Slopes: How to Interpret Skier's Perception of Their Speed?
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Objective
• 3 Materials/Methods
• 3.1 First Investigation: Evaluation of the Factors Not Related to the Perception of the User
• 3.2 Second Investigation: Combining the Identified Factors with Perception of the User
• 3.3 Data Analysis
• 4 Results
• 4.1 First Investigation: Evaluation of the Factors Not Related to User's Perception
• 4.2 Second Investigation: Interpretation of the Skiers' Estimation of Their Own Speed
• 5 Discussion
• 5.1 Factor Best Explaining Skiing Speed
• 5.2 Interpretation of the Skier's Estimation of Their Own Speed
• 5.3 Limitations
• 6 Conclusion
• References
• Snowsport Instructors: Their Actual Maximum Speeds, Their Estimation of Maximum Speed and Speed in Slow Zones, and Their Knowledge of Helmet Effectiveness
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Method
• 3 Results
• 3.1 Respondents: Demographics, Serious Injuries, and Risk Awareness
• 3.2 Duration, Distance Travelled, and Maximum Speeds.
• 3.3 Slow Zone Recommendations
• 3.4 Helmet Effectiveness
• 3.5 Characteristics of Helmet Wearers Vs. Non-Helmet Wearers
• 4 Discussion
• 5 Limitations
• 6 Conclusion
• References
• Factors Associated with Alcohol Intake in Mountain Top Huts Among Slope Tourers
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Methods
• 3 Statistical Analysis
• 4 Results
• 5 Discussion
• References
• To What Extent Do Attitudes Regarding Ski Helmets Change After a Period of Utilization?
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Methods
• 2.1 Study Design
• 2.2 Subjects
• 2.3 Questionnaire
• 2.4 Statistics
• 3 Results
• 4 Discussion
• References.