Automated Vehicles As a Game Changer for Sustainable Mobility : : Learnings and Solutions.

• Superior document: Contributions to Management Science Series
• Author: Fournier, Guy.
• TeilnehmendeR: Boos, Adrian.; Konstantas, Dimitri.; Attias, Danielle.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer,, 2024.; ©2024.
• Year of Publication: 2024
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Series: Contributions to Management Science Series
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (522 pages)

Table of Contents

• Intro
• Foreword
• Foreword
• Foreword
• The Five Ts: Transparency, Trust, Teamwork, Try, and Transform
• We Need a Climate for Change
• Horizon 2020 Project AVENUE
• Europe Fit for the Digital Decade
• The Five Ts: Transparency, Trust, Teamwork, Try, and Transform
• Acknowledgements
• About This Book
• Contents
• Contributors
• Acronyms
• Chapter 1: Introduction
• 1.1 Automated Vehicles (AVs) for a New Mobility
• 1.2 Contents of the Individual Book Parts
• 1.2.1 Part 1: The AVENUE Project: Implementing Automated Minibuses for "Door-to-Door" and "On-Demand" Passenger Transportation in Geneva, Lyon, Luxembourg and Copenhagen
• 1.2.2 Part 2: Impact Assessment of AVENUE
• 1.2.3 Future Vision of AVENUE
• References
• Part I: The AVENUE Project: Implementing Automated Minibuses for "Door-to-Door" and "On-Demand" Passenger Transportation in Geneva, Lyon, Luxembourg and Copenhagen
• Chapter 2: AVENUE Site Demonstrators: Geneva, Lyon, Luxembourg, and Copenhagen
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 The Changing Landscape of Mobility
• 2.2.1 Fighting Congestion
• 2.2.2 The Transformation of Public Transportation
• 2.2.3 Readiness to Adopt New Transportation Means
• 2.2.4 Challenges for Public Transport Operators (PTOs)
• 2.3 The Geneva Sites
• 2.3.1 Objectives
• 2.3.2 Deployment
• 2.3.3 Achievements and Key Success Factors
• 2.3.4 Recommendations
• 2.3.5 Future Developments
• 2.4 Denmark and Norway
• 2.4.1 Nordhavn
• 2.4.1.1 Objectives
• 2.4.1.2 Deployment
• 2.4.1.3 Achievements and Key Success Factors
• Passengers and Distance Driven
• Driving Speed and Automated vs. Manual Mode
• Issues Reported on Route
• Downtime and Cancelled Operation
• 2.4.1.4 Recommendations
• Object-Detection Challenges
• Increased Mixed Traffic in High Seasons
• Consequences of Construction Work.
• Lack of Parking Spots Compared to the Number of Cars
• Low-Speed Limit
• 2.4.1.5 Future Developments
• Complications in Nordhavn
• 2.4.2 Ormøya
• 2.4.2.1 Objectives
• 2.4.2.2 Deployment
• 2.4.2.3 Achievements and Key Success Factors
• Passengers and Distance
• Automated vs. Manual Driving
• Issues Encountered on the Route
• 2.4.2.4 Recommendations
• Public Transport in Oslo
• User Experience
• Vegetation and Snow
• Major Safety Issues
• 2.4.3 Slagelse
• 2.4.3.1 Objectives
• 2.4.3.2 Deployment
• Red Section
• Green Section
• Blue Section
• Parking Conditions
• 2.4.3.3 Achievements and Key Success Factors
• Distance and Passengers
• Automated Vs. Manual Driving
• 2.4.3.4 Recommendations
• User Experience Learnings
• Patients
• Relatives/Visitors
• Employees
• Performance Learnings
• Low-Speed Environment
• Low Complexity Environment
• 2.4.4 Conclusions
• 2.5 Lyon, France
• 2.5.1 Objectives
• 2.5.2 Deployment
• 2.5.3 Achievements and Key Success Factors
• 2.5.4 Future Development
• 2.5.4.1 The Constraints of Availability for Users
• 2.5.4.2 Energy Constraints and Battery Capacity
• 2.5.4.3 Facilitate the Relationship with the User
• 2.5.4.4 Pricing Issue
• 2.6 Luxembourg
• 2.6.1 Pfaffenthal
• 2.6.1.1 Objectives
• 2.6.1.2 Deployment
• 2.6.1.3 Achievements and Key Success Factors
• 2.6.1.4 Future Development
• 2.6.2 Contern
• 2.6.2.1 Objectives
• 2.6.2.2 Deployment
• 2.6.2.3 Achievements and Key Success Factors
• 2.6.2.4 Future Development
• 2.6.3 Esch-Sur-Alzette
• 2.6.3.1 Objectives
• 2.6.3.2 Deployment
• 2.6.3.3 Achievements and Key Success Factors
• 2.6.3.4 Future Development
• 2.7 Lessons Learned
• References
• Chapter 3: Automated Minibuses: State of the Art and Improvements Through AVENUE
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Automated Driving Context before Starting AVENUE.
• 3.2.1 Market Projection
• 3.2.2 Automated Driving
• 3.2.3 The Landscape of Automated Mobility
• 3.2.4 NAVYA before 2018
• 3.2.4.1 Hardware
• 3.2.4.2 Software
• 3.2.4.3 Services
• 3.2.5 NAVYA Ecosystem
• 3.2.6 Legal Boundaries
• 3.3 Technology Improvements Through AVENUE
• 3.3.1 A Global View
• 3.3.2 NAVYA Software
• 3.3.3 Automotive New Release Process
• 3.3.4 NavyaDrive® Evolutions
• 3.3.4.1 The Operating System
• 3.3.4.2 Over-the-Air Update
• 3.3.4.3 On-Demand Service
• 3.3.4.4 V2X Traffic Light Management
• 3.3.4.5 V2X Solution for Complex Situations
• 3.3.4.6 Driving Enhancement
• 3.3.5 Supervision Improvements and NavyaOperate©
• 3.3.6 Navya API
• 3.3.7 HMI and Experience Enhancement
• 3.3.7.1 Operator User Interface
• 3.3.7.2 Event Triggering System
• 3.3.7.3 In-Vehicle Audio Announcements (UI)
• 3.3.7.4 Interactive Interface for Passengers (UI)
• 3.3.7.5 External Sound (UI)
• 3.3.7.6 External Screen and Human-Machine Interface (HMI)
• 3.3.8 Other Enhancements
• 3.3.8.1 Hardware Enhancement
• 3.3.8.2 Mapping, Commissioning, and Tools
• 3.3.8.3 Additional Tool Enhancements
• 3.4 Beyond Avenue
• 3.5 Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 4: Safety, Security and Service Quality for Automated Minibuses: State of the Art, Technical Requirements and Data Privacy in Case of Incident
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 A Shared Sustainability and Durability Target for the Society and for Companies
• 4.3 The Conditions to Make it a Sustainable and Durable Solution
• 4.3.1 Traffic Management and Energy Consumption
• 4.3.2 "Customer" Durable Satisfaction, Including Safety
• 4.3.3 Safety Measurable Targets and Steps
• 4.4 The Critical Path for Market Introduction of Safe Automated Minibuses
• 4.5 Quality and Safety State of the Art for Automated Minibuses
• 4.6 A Self-Learning Automated Transport System at European Level.
• 4.7 Data Privacy of Incident Analysis and Lesson Learned Sharing
• 4.8 Automated Minibus Safety and Service Quality Levers
• 4.9 Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 5: In-Vehicle Services to Improve the User Experience and Security when Traveling with Automated Minibuses
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Service: Enhance the Sense of Security and Trust
• 5.3 Service: Automated Passenger Presence
• 5.4 Service: Follow My Kid/Grandparents
• 5.5 Service: Shuttle Environment Assessment
• 5.6 Service: Smart Feedback System
• 5.7 Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 6: Cybersecurity and Data Privacy: Stakeholders' Stand on Regulations and Standards
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.1.1 CAVs' Threats
• 6.1.1.1 In-Vehicle Equipment
• 6.1.1.2 External Communication Technologies
• 6.1.2 Motivation
• 6.2 Regulations and Standards
• 6.2.1 CAVs Privacy Initiatives
• 6.3 Methodology
• 6.4 Findings
• 6.5 Discussion and Recommendations
• 6.5.1 Standards Coverage Map
• 6.5.2 Further Recommendations
• 6.5.3 Assessment Limitations
• 6.6 Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 7: Technical Cybersecurity Implementation on Automated Minibuses with Security Information and Event Management (SIEM)
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Basics of a SIEM Software Solution
• 7.3 Most Popular SIEM Open-Source Software
• 7.4 SIEM Benefits for CAV Infrastructure
• 7.5 Limitations of SIEM
• 7.6 Characteristics of the SIEM Platform
• 7.7 Investigation on Diverse Implementations within AVENUE
• 7.8 Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 8: Persons with Reduced Mobility (PRM) Specific Requirements for Passenger Transportation Services
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Requirements of Passengers (Interview Results)
• 8.2.1 Phase 1 (July-September 2018)
• 8.2.2 Public Transport in General
• 8.2.3 Attitude Towards Fully Automated Public Transport (Unexperienced Pax).
• 8.2.4 Phase 2 (June 2019-February 2020)
• 8.2.5 Interviews with Safety Operators
• 8.2.6 Interviews with Experienced Passengers: Attitude Towards Fully Automated Public Transport
• 8.3 A Blind Users' Perspective on Automated Vehicles
• 8.3.1 Bus Stops on the Course
• 8.3.2 Boarding Process
• 8.3.3 Interior Situation and Bus Ride
• 8.3.4 Getting Out of the Bus
• 8.3.5 Klaus-Dieter's Summary
• 8.4 Situation-Based Impairments of Different Passenger Groups
• 8.5 Proposed Implementation of User Requirements
• 8.5.1 Mock-Up for an Accessible App for Fully Automated Public Transport
• 8.5.2 Information Display in the Vehicle
• 8.6 Conclusions
• Appendix: Mobile Apps for Blind and Low-Vision Public Transport Travellers
• List of Mobile Applications
• GoodMaps Outdoors
• BlindSquare
• myfinder
• Seeing AI
• References
• Chapter 9: Stakeholder Analysis and AVENUE Strategies
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.1.1 Research Aim
• 9.1.2 Research Approach
• 9.2 Empirical Stakeholder Analysis
• 9.2.1 Results of the Initial Stakeholder Scan
• 9.2.1.1 Power-Interest and Impact-Attribute Grid
• 9.2.1.2 Onion Diagram
• 9.2.1.3 Selection of Stakeholder Groups
• 9.2.2 Self-Assessment Stakeholder Groups
• 9.2.2.1 Public Transport Operators
• 9.2.2.2 Manufacturers
• 9.2.2.3 Software Providers
• 9.2.2.4 Driver Unions
• 9.2.2.5 Policymakers
• 9.2.2.6 Civil Society Organizations/Citizen Organizations
• 9.2.3 Results from the Cross-Sectional Analysis
• 9.2.3.1 The Crucial Role of City Government
• 9.2.3.2 Technology Development and Legal Regulations
• 9.2.3.3 Restructuring the Mobility Industry
• 9.2.3.4 Social Acceptance and Environmental Aspects
• 9.2.3.5 Future Scenarios
• 9.2.4 Stakeholder Map
• 9.2.4.1 Structure of the Stakeholder Map
• 9.2.4.2 Insights from the Stakeholder Map.
• 9.3 Conceptual AVENUE Stakeholder and Mobility Services Analysis.