Late Iron Age and Roman Settlement at Bozeat Quarry, Northamptonshire.

• Author: Atkins, Rob.
• Place / Publishing House: Oxford : : Archaeopress,, 2018.; ©2018.
• Year of Publication: 2018
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (204 pages)

MOLA (formerly Northamptonshire Archaeology), has undertaken intermittent archaeological work within Bozeat Quarry, Northamptonshire, over a twenty-year period from 1995-2016 covering an area of 59ha. This volume presents excavation findings including evidence of a Late Iron Age and Roman Settlement...

Table of Contents

• Intro
• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contents
• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• Contributors
• Acknowledgements
• 1: Introduction
• Project background
• Historical and archaeological background
• Late Iron Age/Roman period
• Saxon/medieval and later
• Location, topography and geology
• Archaeological work within Bozeat Quarry 1996-2016
• 1996
• Desk-based assessment (NA 1996)
• Fieldwalking (Holmes 1996)
• Geophysical Survey (Holmes 1996)
• Field 2 (Northern Settlement area)
• Field 3
• Field 4
• Metal-detecting survey (Holmes 1996)
• Trial excavation (Holmes 1997)
• Test pits in Fields 1 and 4
• Trial trenching
• 1997 Brief (Kidd 1997)
• 2000 Project Design (NA 2000)
• 2001 excavations
• 2001-2016 Excavations and watching briefs.
• 2002 watching brief
• 2003 and 2004 watching brief
• 2005 watching brief
• 2006 watching brief
• 2007 watching Brief
• 2008 watching brief
• 2009 watching brief
• 2010 watching brief
• 2011 watching brief
• 2012 watching brief
• 2013 watching brief
• 2014 and 2016 watching brief
• Site phasing
• Figure 1.1 Site location
• Figure 1.2 Contours, cropmarks, field boundaries and Historic Environment Record (HER) overlaid by the areas of greatest archaeological interest defined in the archaeological brief (Kidd 1997)
• Figure 1.3 Fieldwalking-Roman pottery distribution overlaying archaeological features (after Holmes 1996 fig 5)
• Figure 1.4 Fieldwalking early-middle Saxon pottery distribution overlaying archaeological features (after Holmes 1996 fig 6)
• Figure 1.5 Geophysical survey
• Figure 1.6 Trial trenching and test pits 1997
• Figure 1.7 Archaeological work by area and year
• Figure 1.8 General site plan
• 2: The archaeological evidence
• Period 1: Bronze Age to early Iron Age (c2000-400BC)
• Cremation burial 52
• Pit alignment.
• Period 2: Middle to late Iron Age (c200BC to cAD 30)
• Introduction
• Southern Settlement (Field 3
• Area 2)
• Middle and southern extent of middle/late Iron Age settlement
• Routeway 1 leading towards Ring Ditches 1 and 2 [628 and 675/677]
• Boundary ditch [656/737] and curvilinear ditch [767] to the west
• Boundary ditches in the southern half of the settlement
• Pit Group 1
• Possible boundary ditches [613 and 604] close to the two ring ditches
• Southern Settlement boundary
• Four ditches to the east of boundary ditch [656/737]
• Linear and curvilinear ditches [681,683/764, 673/679, 685/693, 695, 699 and 10010]
• Pit Groups 2-4 in the south-eastern area
• Pits [731 and 739]
• Northern part of middle/late Iron Age settlement
• Period 3: Late pre-Roman Iron Age to late Roman (cAD 30 - c400)
• Northern Settlement (cAD 30- middle/late 2nd century AD)
• Period 3.1: The Northern Settlement - late Iron Age to early Roman (cAD30 - 100)
• Pits in a possible open settlement
• Planned settlement?
• C-shaped Enclosures 3 and 4
• Paddock 1 on northern side of Routeway 2
• Pits or slots [95, 96 and 98]
• Routeway 2
• Enclosure 5
• Boundaries of Enclosure 5
• Paddock 2 and Routeway 3 within the western side of Enclosure 5
• Sub-division(s) within Enclosure 5?
• Paddocks and pits on the northern side of Enclosure 5
• Pottery kilns (Figs 2.5-2.11)
• Possible kiln/feature [78]
• Kiln [89] (Fig 2.5)
• Kiln [100]
• Kiln [99]
• Kiln [106] (Fig 2.6)
• Kiln [109] (Fig 2.6)
• Kiln [127] (Fig 2.7)
• Kiln [174] (Fig 2.8)
• Kiln [175] (Fig 2.9)
• Kiln [176] (Fig 2.10)
• Kiln [177] (Fig 2.11)
• Kiln [178]
• Enclosure 6
• Internal sub-divisions within Enclosure 6
• Pits and a posthole within Enclosure 6
• Fields and paddocks on the south side of the Northern Settlement.
• Period 3.2: Northern Settlement, early Roman (cAD100 - 150/175)
• Cemetery 1
• T-shaped corn dryer [170]
• Ditches [129 and 138]
• Pit group 5, other pits, waterhole and postholes
• Period 3: Southern Settlement, late Iron Age and Roman (cAD 30 - cAD 400)
• Period 3.1: The Southern Settlement - late Iron Age to early Roman (cAD30 - 100)
• Central and western areas of main domestic settlement
• Distribution of coins and brooches
• Ring Ditch 3
• Enclosure 7 and related field system
• Area with a possible structure and pits
• Paddock 11, Routeway 4 and other fragmentary ditches and pits
• Burials
• Cremation burial [231] and inhumation [263]
• Cremations burials [7122 and 7124]
• Domestic settlement area
• Eastern area (Fig 2.20)
• Enclosure 8 and external ditches
• Kiln [5068]
• Pits
• Field system in the south and south-eastern areas (Period 3.1) (Fig 2.23)
• Features within the southern area
• Possible oven [534/536]
• Possible routeway [44 and 36]
• Features within the far south-eastern area
• Possible kiln/oven [649]
• Features in the northern part of the south-eastern area
• Field system in the Northern area Period 3.1 (cAD30 -cAD100)
• Enclosure 9
• Internal divisions within Enclosure 9
• External features to south-eastern of Enclosure 9
• External paddocks to south of Enclosure 9
• West of Enclosure 9
• Period 3.2: early Roman (cAD 100-150/175)
• Domestic area
• Compartmentalised field system
• Other ditches and pits outside the compartmentalised feature to the north-east
• Period 3.2: early Roman field systems in the southern part of the settlement
• Northern field area (cAD 100-150/175)
• Pit Group 7
• 2006 settlement area
• A possible building and pits
• Stone building (walls 56 and 156) and possible courtyard surface
• Corn dryer or malting oven [73/84].
• Field system to the north of the settlement
• Overview of Period 3.3b field system
• Main field system area
• Period 3.3: middle to late Roman (cAD 150/175 - 400)
• Period 4: early to middle Saxon
• Intrusive Saxon artefacts
• Saxon features
• Cemetery 2 (Human burials 11-14)
• Period 5: Medieval to post-medieval
• Figure 2.1. Bronze Age to early Iron Age features in northern area (Field 2)
• Figure 2.2. Bronze Age to early Iron Age northern area cremation urn (50)
• Figure 2.3. Southern Settlement middle to late Iron Age settlement
• Figure 2.4 late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement
• Figure 2.5 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kiln [89]
• Figure 2.6 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kilns [106 and 109]
• Figure 2.7 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kiln [127]
• Figure 2.8 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kiln [174]
• Figure 2.9 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kiln [175]
• Figure 2.10 Late Iron Age to early Roman Northern Settlement kiln [176]
• Figure 2.12. Early Roman Northern Settlement
• Figure 2.13. Early Roman Northern Settlement HB5 [171], looking north
• Figure 2.14. Early Roman Northern Settlement corn dryer [170]
• Figure 2.15. Late Iron Age to late Roman Southern Settlement
• Figure 2.16. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement 'domestic' area
• Figure 2.17. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement brooch and coin distribution map and human burials located
• Figure 2.18. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement burial [263]
• Figure 2.19. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement cremation burial [7124]
• Figure 2.20. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement eastern part of the 'domestic' area
• Figure 2.21. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement kiln [5068].
• Figure 2.22. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement pit [5092]
• Figure 2.23. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement field system in the south-eastern area
• Figure 2.24. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement oven [534/536]
• Figure 2.25. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement kiln [649]
• Figure 2.26. Late Iron Age to early Roman Southern Settlement field system in the northern area
• Figure 2.27. Early Roman Southern Settlement
• Figure 2.28. Early Roman Southern Settlement southern area
• Figure 2.29. Early Roman Southern Settlement southern area pit [89], looking south-east
• Figure 2.30. Early Roman Southern Settlement southern area pits [111 and 100]
• Figure 2.31. Early Roman Southern Settlement field system in the northern and eastern areas
• Figure 2.32. Middle to late Roman Southern Settlement southern area
• Figure 2.33. Middle to late Roman Southern Settlement southern area building wall (56)
• Figure 2.34. Middle to late Roman Southern Settlement southern area corn dryer or malting oven [73/84]
• Figure 2.35. Middle to late Roman Southern Settlement central area
• Figure 2.36. Early to middle Anglo-Saxon features
• Figure 2.37. Early to middle Saxon inhumation [741] (Cemetery 2)
• Figure 2.38. Early to middle Saxon inhumation [744] (Cemetery 2)
• Figure 2.39. Early to middle Saxon inhumation [747] (Cemetery 2)
• Figure 2.40. Early to middle Saxon inhumation [756] (Cemetery 2)
• 3: Finds
• A prehistoric burial urn
• Iron Age and Roman pottery
• Summary
• Pottery overview
• Period 1: Bronze Age to early Iron Age
• Period 2: Middle to late Iron Age
• Periods
• Period 3.1: Late Iron Age to early Roman (cAD 30-100)
• Ditch [145] (fill 132)
• Pottery from the Late Iron Age/early Roman (Period 3.1) features
• Kilns
• Period 3.2: Early Roman (AD 100-150/175).
• Period 3.3: Middle to late Roman (AD 150/175- 400).