Bronze Age Barrow and Anglo-Saxon Cemetery : : November 2013 - March 2014.

• Author: Chinnock, Chris.
• Place / Publishing House: Oxford : : Archaeopress,, 2023.; ©2022.
• Year of Publication: 2023
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (299 pages)

Archaeological investigations by MOLA on land adjacent to Upthorpe Road, Stanton (2013-2014), revealed the remains of a prehistoric round barrow and a cemetery containing the remains of 67 inhumations with associated grave goods. This book provides detailed analysis of the archaeological features, s...

Table of Contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright page
• Contents Page
• List of Figures
• Introduction
• Figure 1.1. Site location
• Figure 1.2. All features plan
• The excavated evidence
• Figure 2.1. Ring ditch, looking south-west
• Figure 2.2. Ring ditch [5180], irregularly eroded profile, looking north-east
• Figure 2.3. Ring ditch [5168], showing grave the grave cut for Burial (5150), looking west-south-west
• Figure 2.4. Illustrative figure showing the proposed broad stratigraphical sequence for the barrow ditch
• Figure 2.5. Distribution of levels of bone preservation
• Figure 2.6. Plan of burials
• Figure 2.7. Phased burial plan
• Figure 2.8. Radiocarbon date analysis of nine burials from the Stanton cemetery
• Figure 2.9. Burial 5004
• Figure 2.9 continued. Burial 5004
• Figure 2.10. Burial 5007
• Figure 2.10 continued. Burial 5007
• Figure 2.11. Burial 5010
• Figure 2.11 continued. Burial 5010
• Figure 2.12. Burial 5013
• Figure 2.12 continued. Burial 5013
• Figure 2.13. Burial 5016
• Figure 2.14. Burial 5019
• Figure 2.15. Burial 5023
• Figure 2.16. Burial 5028
• Figure 2.17. Burial 5031
• Figure 2.18. Burial 5034
• Figure 2.18 continued. Burial 5034
• Figure 2.19. Burial 5041
• Figure 2.19 continued. Burial 5041
• Figure 2.20. Burial 5047
• Figure 2.21. Burial 5049
• Figure 2.22. Burial 5053
• Figure 2.23. Burial 5056
• Figure 2.24. Burial 5058
• Figure 2.25. Burial 5063
• Figure 2.26. Burial 5066
• Figure 2.27. Burial 5070
• Figure 2.28. Burial 5073
• Figure 2.29. Burial 5076
• Figure 2.30. Burial 5081
• Figure 2.31. Burial 5083
• Figure 2.32. Burial 5093
• Figure 2.33. Burial 5098
• Figure 2.34. Burial 5103
• Figure 2.35. Burial 5105
• Figure 2.36. Burial 5107
• Figure 2.37. Burial 5122
• Figure 2.38. Burial 5133
• Figure 2.39. Burial 5140
• Figure 2.40. Burial 5143
• Figure 2.41. Burial 5150.
• Figure 2.42. Burial 5160
• Figure 2.43. Burial 5170
• Figure 2.43 continued. Burial 5170
• Figure 2.44. Burial 5190
• Figure 2.45. Burial 5191
• Figure 2.45 continued. Burial 5191
• Figure 2.46. Burial 5196
• Figure 2.46 continued. Burial 5196
• Figure 2.47. Burial 5199
• Figure 2.47 continued. Burial 5199
• Figure 2.48. Burial 5208
• Figure 2.49. Burial 5211
• Figure 2.50. Burial 5214
• Figure 2.50 continued. Burial 5214
• Figure 2.51. Burial 5250
• Figure 2.52. Burial 5253
• Figure 2.52 completed. Burial 5253
• Figure 2.53. Burial 5256
• Figure 2.53 continued. Burial 5256
• Figure 2.54. Burials 5259 and 5261
• Figure 2.54 continued. Burials 5259 and 5261
• Figure 2.55. Burial 5307
• Figure 2.56. Burial 5309
• Figure 2.57. Burial 5310
• Figure 2.57 continued. Burial 5310
• Figure 2.58. Burial 5313
• Figure 2.59. Burial 5319
• Figure 2.59 continued. Burial 5319
• Figure 2.60. Burial 5320
• Figure 2.61. Burial 5323
• Figure 2.61 continued. Burial 5323
• Figure 2.62. Burial 5326
• Figure 2.62 continued. Burial 5326
• Figure 2.63. Burial 5329
• Figure 2.64. Burial 5331
• Figure 2.65. Burial 5337
• Figure 2.66. Burial 5340
• Figure 2.67. Burials 5345 and 5346
• Figure 2.67 continued. Burials 5345 and 5346
• The prehistoric and Roman finds
• Figure 3.1. Sherd of early Bronze Age domestic Beaker
• Figure 3.2. Sherd of probable early Bronze Age food vessel
• Figure 3.3. Early Iron Age body sherd with horizontal fingernail impressions
• Figure 3.4. Decorated rim from perforated vessel of the early to early-middle Iron Age
• Figure 3.5. Perforated vessel of the early to early-middle Iron Age
• Figure 3.6. Scored ware vessel of the middle Iron Age
• Figure 3.7. Bronze sword fragment
• The early medieval finds
• Figure 4.1. Anthropomorphic pin, SF207
• The human bone assemblage.
• Figure 6.1. Skeletal preservation
• Figure 6.2. Skeletal completeness
• Figure 6.3. Burial (5190), copper-alloy staining on the right shoulder
• Figure 6.4. Distribution of aged individuals
• Figure 6.5. Adult age at death distribution by sex
• Figure 6.7. Platycnemic index (mean)
• Figure 6.8. Interparietal bone, skull of adult male (5133), scale 5cm
• Figure 6.9. Crude prevalence of dental disease by age
• Figure 6.10. True prevalence of caries and corrected caries by adult age category
• Figure 6.11. True prevalence of periodontal disease and sub-gingival calculus by age
• Figure 6.12. Sacra: Adult male (5007) and adult female (5076). Scale 2cm
• 4cm
• Figure 6.13. Adult male (5320) 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebrae lateral and inferior view
• Figure 6.14. Adult male (5103), 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae superior view of L2
• Figure 6.15. Distal articular surface of left and right first metacarpal, scale 2cm
• Figure 6.16. 1st lumbar vertebra of adult male (5007), superior,scale 2cm
• Figure 6.17. Anterior view of right and left tibiae from adult male (5103), scale 4cm
• Figure 6.18. Skull of adult male (5214), showing location of sharp-force trauma, scale 7cm
• Figure 6.19. Right side of skull of adult male (5016), showing location of sharp force trauma, scale 4cm
• Figure 6.20. Left side of skull of adult male (5053) showing the extent of the traumatic lesions and associated radiating fractures, scale 5cm
• Figure 6.21. True prevalence of Schmorl's nodes by vertebral joint
• Figure 6.22. Prevalence of spinal joint disease by age
• Figure 6.23. Adult male (5208), anterior aspect of ankylosed left radius and ulna (scale 5cm)
• Figure 6.24. Adult male (5049), medial view of right 1st metatarsal with graphic showing the extent of the pathological lesion.
• Figure 6.25. Adult male (5007), showing the proximal ends of both femora, scale 4cm
• Figure 6.26. Adult male (5049), showing the proximal ends of both femora, scale 7cm
• Figure 6.27. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope data of humans and fauna from Stanton
• Figure 6.28. Mean carbon and nitrogen values for Anglo-Saxon humans from Stanton and other sites in East Anglia: Bergh Apton (Hull 2008), Bloodmoor Hill (O'Connell and Lawler 2009), Burgh Castle (Hull, 2008), Buttermarket Ipswich (Bayliss et al 2013
• Mays
• Figure 6.29. Boxplot of δ18O values for individuals from Stanton (n=11)
• Figure 6.30. Map of modern δ18O values of ground water in Britain. Data drawn from British Geological Survey material © UKRI 2022 under an Open Government License (Darling et al 2003
• Evans et al 2018)
• Discussion
• Figure 8.1. Topographic map showing key landscape features
• Figure 8.2. Cropmark evidence for further barrows in Stanton
• Figure 8.3. Barrows/ring ditches and other Bronze Age funerary sites
• Figure 8.4. Early medieval sites
• Figure 8.5. Ixworth Cross, Image © Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford
• Figure 8.6. Sub-phase 1.1
• Figure 8.7. Sub-phase 1.2
• Figure 8.8. Sub-phase 2.1
• Figure 8.9. Sub-phase 2.2
• Figure 8.10. Sub-phase 2.3
• Figure 8.11. Burial (5320), prone burial of adult male, looking north-west
• Figure 8.12. Burial (5329), prone burial of non-adult, looking north-north-east
• Figure 8.13. Burials 5345 (left) and 5346 (right), looking west
• Figure 8.14. Burials (5259) (left) and (5261) (right), looking west-south-west
• Figure 8.15. Burial (5103) with associated postholes, looking west
• Figure 8.16. Demography
• Figure 8.17. Non metric traits distribution plots
• Figure 8.18. Non metric traits distribution plots
• Figure 8.19. Individuals subjected to stable isotope analysis.
• Figure 8.20. Distribution of shields and spears
• Figure 8.21. Distribution of beads, brooches and wrist clasps
• Figure 8.22. Distribution of knives
• Figure 8.23. Shield boss (SF197) resting on the skull of adult male (5196)
• Figure 8.24. Complete accessory vessel (SF193) associated with Burial (5191)
• Mineral preserved textile catalogue
• Figure A.1. Textile fragment TF2 from annular brooch &lt
• 114&gt
• Figure A.2. Textile fragment TF1 on shield grip &lt
• 170&gt
• Figure A.3. Textile fragment TF1 on shield grip or stud &lt
• 261&gt
• List of Tables
• The excavated evidence
• Table 2.1: Summary of archaeological activity
• Table 2.2: Proposed phasing for the cemetery
• Table 2.3: Radiocarbon date determinations
• The prehistoric and Roman finds
• Table 3.1: Summary of worked flint
• Table 3.2: Quantification of prehistoric pottery
• Table 3.3: Quantification of Roman pottery
• The early medieval finds
• Table 4.1: Quantification of Anglo-Saxon pottery
• Table 4.2: The distribution of the shield fittings by burial and component
• Table 4.3: Attributes of the shield bosses and grips, ordered by type, dating and burial (for shield form types see Table 4.4 and text)
• Table 4.4: Correlation of shield boss classifications
• Table 4.5: The distribution of the spear fittings from Stanton
• Table 4.6: Weapon and knife positions and dating, by burial
• Table 4.7: Suggested bead chronologies
• Table 4.8: The distribution of the different bead forms, by burial and bead groups (after Brugmann 2004
• 2012a)
• Table 4.9: The broad distribution of the glass beads by burial and to the nearest colour
• Table 4.10: Correlation of brooch classifications with dating as currently understood
• Table 4.11: The positions of beads, brooches and other items of personal ornament by burial, with combined dating.
• Table 4.12: The distribution and classification of the buckles, by sex, burial and form.