Bronze Age Barrow and Anglo-Saxon Cemetery : : November 2013 - March 2014.

• Author: Chinnock, Chris.
• Place / Publishing House: Oxford : : Archaeopress,, 2023.; ©2022.
• Year of Publication: 2023
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (299 pages)

Archaeological investigations by MOLA on land adjacent to Upthorpe Road, Stanton (2013-2014), revealed the remains of a prehistoric round barrow and a cemetery containing the remains of 67 inhumations with associated grave goods. This book provides detailed analysis of the archaeological features, skeletal assemblage and other artefacts.

Table of Contents

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright page -- Contents Page -- List of Figures -- Introduction -- Figure 1.1. Site location -- Figure 1.2. All features plan -- The excavated evidence -- Figure 2.1. Ring ditch, looking south-west -- Figure 2.2. Ring ditch [5180], irregularly eroded profile, looking north-east -- Figure 2.3. Ring ditch [5168], showing grave the grave cut for Burial (5150), looking west-south-west -- Figure 2.4. Illustrative figure showing the proposed broad stratigraphical sequence for the barrow ditch -- Figure 2.5. Distribution of levels of bone preservation -- Figure 2.6. Plan of burials -- Figure 2.7. Phased burial plan -- Figure 2.8. Radiocarbon date analysis of nine burials from the Stanton cemetery -- Figure 2.9. Burial 5004 -- Figure 2.9 continued. Burial 5004 -- Figure 2.10. Burial 5007 -- Figure 2.10 continued. Burial 5007 -- Figure 2.11. Burial 5010 -- Figure 2.11 continued. Burial 5010 -- Figure 2.12. Burial 5013 -- Figure 2.12 continued. Burial 5013 -- Figure 2.13. Burial 5016 -- Figure 2.14. Burial 5019 -- Figure 2.15. Burial 5023 -- Figure 2.16. Burial 5028 -- Figure 2.17. Burial 5031 -- Figure 2.18. Burial 5034 -- Figure 2.18 continued. Burial 5034 -- Figure 2.19. Burial 5041 -- Figure 2.19 continued. Burial 5041 -- Figure 2.20. Burial 5047 -- Figure 2.21. Burial 5049 -- Figure 2.22. Burial 5053 -- Figure 2.23. Burial 5056 -- Figure 2.24. Burial 5058 -- Figure 2.25. Burial 5063 -- Figure 2.26. Burial 5066 -- Figure 2.27. Burial 5070 -- Figure 2.28. Burial 5073 -- Figure 2.29. Burial 5076 -- Figure 2.30. Burial 5081 -- Figure 2.31. Burial 5083 -- Figure 2.32. Burial 5093 -- Figure 2.33. Burial 5098 -- Figure 2.34. Burial 5103 -- Figure 2.35. Burial 5105 -- Figure 2.36. Burial 5107 -- Figure 2.37. Burial 5122 -- Figure 2.38. Burial 5133 -- Figure 2.39. Burial 5140 -- Figure 2.40. Burial 5143 -- Figure 2.41. Burial 5150.

Figure 2.42. Burial 5160 -- Figure 2.43. Burial 5170 -- Figure 2.43 continued. Burial 5170 -- Figure 2.44. Burial 5190 -- Figure 2.45. Burial 5191 -- Figure 2.45 continued. Burial 5191 -- Figure 2.46. Burial 5196 -- Figure 2.46 continued. Burial 5196 -- Figure 2.47. Burial 5199 -- Figure 2.47 continued. Burial 5199 -- Figure 2.48. Burial 5208 -- Figure 2.49. Burial 5211 -- Figure 2.50. Burial 5214 -- Figure 2.50 continued. Burial 5214 -- Figure 2.51. Burial 5250 -- Figure 2.52. Burial 5253 -- Figure 2.52 completed. Burial 5253 -- Figure 2.53. Burial 5256 -- Figure 2.53 continued. Burial 5256 -- Figure 2.54. Burials 5259 and 5261 -- Figure 2.54 continued. Burials 5259 and 5261 -- Figure 2.55. Burial 5307 -- Figure 2.56. Burial 5309 -- Figure 2.57. Burial 5310 -- Figure 2.57 continued. Burial 5310 -- Figure 2.58. Burial 5313 -- Figure 2.59. Burial 5319 -- Figure 2.59 continued. Burial 5319 -- Figure 2.60. Burial 5320 -- Figure 2.61. Burial 5323 -- Figure 2.61 continued. Burial 5323 -- Figure 2.62. Burial 5326 -- Figure 2.62 continued. Burial 5326 -- Figure 2.63. Burial 5329 -- Figure 2.64. Burial 5331 -- Figure 2.65. Burial 5337 -- Figure 2.66. Burial 5340 -- Figure 2.67. Burials 5345 and 5346 -- Figure 2.67 continued. Burials 5345 and 5346 -- The prehistoric and Roman finds -- Figure 3.1. Sherd of early Bronze Age domestic Beaker -- Figure 3.2. Sherd of probable early Bronze Age food vessel -- Figure 3.3. Early Iron Age body sherd with horizontal fingernail impressions -- Figure 3.4. Decorated rim from perforated vessel of the early to early-middle Iron Age -- Figure 3.5. Perforated vessel of the early to early-middle Iron Age -- Figure 3.6. Scored ware vessel of the middle Iron Age -- Figure 3.7. Bronze sword fragment -- The early medieval finds -- Figure 4.1. Anthropomorphic pin, SF207 -- The human bone assemblage.

Figure 6.1. Skeletal preservation -- Figure 6.2. Skeletal completeness -- Figure 6.3. Burial (5190), copper-alloy staining on the right shoulder -- Figure 6.4. Distribution of aged individuals -- Figure 6.5. Adult age at death distribution by sex -- Figure 6.7. Platycnemic index (mean) -- Figure 6.8. Interparietal bone, skull of adult male (5133), scale 5cm -- Figure 6.9. Crude prevalence of dental disease by age -- Figure 6.10. True prevalence of caries and corrected caries by adult age category -- Figure 6.11. True prevalence of periodontal disease and sub-gingival calculus by age -- Figure 6.12. Sacra: Adult male (5007) and adult female (5076). Scale 2cm -- 4cm -- Figure 6.13. Adult male (5320) 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebrae lateral and inferior view -- Figure 6.14. Adult male (5103), 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae superior view of L2 -- Figure 6.15. Distal articular surface of left and right first metacarpal, scale 2cm -- Figure 6.16. 1st lumbar vertebra of adult male (5007), superior,scale 2cm -- Figure 6.17. Anterior view of right and left tibiae from adult male (5103), scale 4cm -- Figure 6.18. Skull of adult male (5214), showing location of sharp-force trauma, scale 7cm -- Figure 6.19. Right side of skull of adult male (5016), showing location of sharp force trauma, scale 4cm -- Figure 6.20. Left side of skull of adult male (5053) showing the extent of the traumatic lesions and associated radiating fractures, scale 5cm -- Figure 6.21. True prevalence of Schmorl's nodes by vertebral joint -- Figure 6.22. Prevalence of spinal joint disease by age -- Figure 6.23. Adult male (5208), anterior aspect of ankylosed left radius and ulna (scale 5cm) -- Figure 6.24. Adult male (5049), medial view of right 1st metatarsal with graphic showing the extent of the pathological lesion.

Figure 6.25. Adult male (5007), showing the proximal ends of both femora, scale 4cm -- Figure 6.26. Adult male (5049), showing the proximal ends of both femora, scale 7cm -- Figure 6.27. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope data of humans and fauna from Stanton -- Figure 6.28. Mean carbon and nitrogen values for Anglo-Saxon humans from Stanton and other sites in East Anglia: Bergh Apton (Hull 2008), Bloodmoor Hill (O'Connell and Lawler 2009), Burgh Castle (Hull, 2008), Buttermarket Ipswich (Bayliss et al 2013 -- Mays -- Figure 6.29. Boxplot of δ18O values for individuals from Stanton (n=11) -- Figure 6.30. Map of modern δ18O values of ground water in Britain. Data drawn from British Geological Survey material © UKRI 2022 under an Open Government License (Darling et al 2003 -- Evans et al 2018) -- Discussion -- Figure 8.1. Topographic map showing key landscape features -- Figure 8.2. Cropmark evidence for further barrows in Stanton -- Figure 8.3. Barrows/ring ditches and other Bronze Age funerary sites -- Figure 8.4. Early medieval sites -- Figure 8.5. Ixworth Cross, Image © Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford -- Figure 8.6. Sub-phase 1.1 -- Figure 8.7. Sub-phase 1.2 -- Figure 8.8. Sub-phase 2.1 -- Figure 8.9. Sub-phase 2.2 -- Figure 8.10. Sub-phase 2.3 -- Figure 8.11. Burial (5320), prone burial of adult male, looking north-west -- Figure 8.12. Burial (5329), prone burial of non-adult, looking north-north-east -- Figure 8.13. Burials 5345 (left) and 5346 (right), looking west -- Figure 8.14. Burials (5259) (left) and (5261) (right), looking west-south-west -- Figure 8.15. Burial (5103) with associated postholes, looking west -- Figure 8.16. Demography -- Figure 8.17. Non metric traits distribution plots -- Figure 8.18. Non metric traits distribution plots -- Figure 8.19. Individuals subjected to stable isotope analysis.

Figure 8.20. Distribution of shields and spears -- Figure 8.21. Distribution of beads, brooches and wrist clasps -- Figure 8.22. Distribution of knives -- Figure 8.23. Shield boss (SF197) resting on the skull of adult male (5196) -- Figure 8.24. Complete accessory vessel (SF193) associated with Burial (5191) -- Mineral preserved textile catalogue -- Figure A.1. Textile fragment TF2 from annular brooch &lt -- 114&gt -- -- Figure A.2. Textile fragment TF1 on shield grip &lt -- 170&gt -- -- Figure A.3. Textile fragment TF1 on shield grip or stud &lt -- 261&gt -- -- List of Tables -- The excavated evidence -- Table 2.1: Summary of archaeological activity -- Table 2.2: Proposed phasing for the cemetery -- Table 2.3: Radiocarbon date determinations -- The prehistoric and Roman finds -- Table 3.1: Summary of worked flint -- Table 3.2: Quantification of prehistoric pottery -- Table 3.3: Quantification of Roman pottery -- The early medieval finds -- Table 4.1: Quantification of Anglo-Saxon pottery -- Table 4.2: The distribution of the shield fittings by burial and component -- Table 4.3: Attributes of the shield bosses and grips, ordered by type, dating and burial (for shield form types see Table 4.4 and text) -- Table 4.4: Correlation of shield boss classifications -- Table 4.5: The distribution of the spear fittings from Stanton -- Table 4.6: Weapon and knife positions and dating, by burial -- Table 4.7: Suggested bead chronologies -- Table 4.8: The distribution of the different bead forms, by burial and bead groups (after Brugmann 2004 -- 2012a) -- Table 4.9: The broad distribution of the glass beads by burial and to the nearest colour -- Table 4.10: Correlation of brooch classifications with dating as currently understood -- Table 4.11: The positions of beads, brooches and other items of personal ornament by burial, with combined dating.

Table 4.12: The distribution and classification of the buckles, by sex, burial and form.