White Castle.

• Author: Connolly, David.
• TeilnehmendeR: Cook, Murray.; Kdolska, Hana.
• Place / Publishing House: Oxford : : Archaeopress,, 2021.; ©2021.
• Year of Publication: 2021
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (108 pages)

This book describes the results of a four-year research programme of archaeological works (2010-3), at the later prehistoric enclosure of White Castle, East Lothian. The excavations demonstrated a clear sequence of enclosure development over time, whereby the design and visual impact often appeared to be more important than defence alone.

Table of Contents

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Information -- Contents -- 1. Abstract -- 2. Introduction -- 3. Study Area -- 4. White Castle Location -- 5. Archaeological Background -- 5.1 White Castle in early maps and accounts -- 5.2 Enclosed sites of East Lothian: Available Data Set -- 5.2.1 Introduction -- 5.2.2 Review of research of prehistoric enclosed sites in East Lothian -- 5.2.3 Refining chronology of East Lothian enclosures -- 5.2.4 Enclosure morphology -- 5.2.5 Enclosure Statistics -- 5.2.6 East Lothian Summary -- 6. Research Questions -- 7. Methodology -- 7.1 Topographic and Management Survey -- 7.4 Excavation -- 7.3 Geophysical Survey -- 7.3 Numbering system -- 7.5 Digital archive -- 8. Topographic and Geophysical Survey Results -- 8.1 Site Topography -- 8.2 Topographic Survey-Routeways and Tracks -- 8.3 Geophysical survey - potential platforms -- 8.4 Assessment of the site management issues -- 8.4.1 Bracken -- 8.4.2 Visitor and animal attrition -- 9. Excavation Results -- 9.1 Pre-enclosure -- 9.2 Enclosing works -- 9.3 Rampart 1 -- 9.4 Terrace 1 -- 9.5 Palisade 1 -- 9.6 Ditch 1 -- 9.7 Terrace 4 -- 9.8 Rampart 2 -- 9.10 Ditch 2 -- 9.9 Terrace 2 -- 9.11 Rampart 3 -- 9.12 Terrace 3 -- 9.13 Ditch 3 -- 9.14 Inner Circuit Openings 1, 2, 3 and 4 -- 9.15 Openings 5,6,7,8,9 and 14 -- 9.16 Openings 10, 11, 12, 13 -- 9.17 Direct occupational evidence -- 9.18 Platform 4 -- 9.19 Platform 8 -- 9.20 Indirect occupational evidence -- 9.21 Post-enclosure activity -- 9.22 Platform 20 -- 9.23 Structure 17 -- 9.24 Track -- 10 Post-excavation -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Radiocarbon dates -- 10.3 Lithics (Ann Clarke) -- 10.4 Ceramics -- 11 Interpretation and Discussion -- 11.1 Pre-enclosure -- 11.2 Enclosure Chronology -- 11.3 Enclosing works and openings -- 11.4 Destruction and redesign -- 11.5 Internal use and settlement -- 11.6 Economy -- 11.7 Abandonment.

11.8 Post-enclosure -- 11.9 Whiteadder Route -- 11.10 White Castle within East Lothian: some final considerations of the enclosure design and location -- 12 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Bibliography -- Map references: -- Appendix 1: Calibrated and uncalibrated dates from Enclosed sites in East Lothian.