The International Law of Armed Conflict.
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| Place / Publishing House: | Boston : : BRILL,, 1992. ©1992. |
| Year of Publication: | 1992 |
| Edition: | 1st ed. |
| Language: | English |
| Physical Description: | 1 online resource (224 pages) |
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Table of Contents:
- Intro
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Dedication
- Table of Contents
- Preface
- Abbreviations
- CHAPTER ONE: GENERAL INTRODUCTION
- Introduction
- I. Clarification of Terms
- II. Purpose of Study
- III. Focus of Inquiry
- IV. Summary of Arguments and Conclusions
- CHAPTER TWO: THE INTERNATIONAL LAW OF ARMED CONFLICT IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
- Introduction
- I. The Pre-1949 Period
- II. The 1949 Geneva Conventions
- III. The 1977 Additional Protocols
- i. Impetus for Reform
- ii. The New Rules
- iii. The Internal / International Armed Conflict Dichotomy
- iv. Summary and Conclusions
- CHAPTER THREE: THE CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW OF ARMED CONFLICT
- Introduction
- I. The Concept of Custom Revisited
- II. The Principles of Military Necessity and Humanity
- III. The Principle of Proportionality
- IV. The Principle of Distinction
- V. Conclusion
- CHAPTER FOUR: CLAIMS REGARDING SCOPE OF APPLICATION
- Introduction
- I. Common Article 2 of the Geneva Conventions
- i. Conflicts Involving "A Declared War or Any Other Armed Conflict"
- ii. Conflicts Involving Partial or Total Occupation of the Territory of a High Contracting Party
- iii. Conflicts Involving Non-Contracting Parties
- iv. Conflicts Involving National Liberation Movements
- a. "National Liberation Movements"
- b. "Colonial Domination", "Alien Occupation" and "Racist Regimes"
- c. A General Assessment of Article 1(4)
- d. Article 1(4) and Customary International Law
- II. Claims of Applicability
- i. SWAPO in Namibia
- a. The Factual Situation
- b. The International Law Criteria
- 1. Common Article 2
- 2. Article 1(4) of Protocol I
- c. Trends in Decision-Making: Legal and Policy Implications
- d. Conclusion
- ii. The ANC in South Africa
- a. The Factual Situation
- b. The International Law Criteria
- 1. Common Article 2.
- 2. Article 1(4) of Protocol I
- c. Trends in Decision-Making
- III. Conclusion
- CHAPTER FIVE: CLAIMS RATIONE PERSONAE
- Introduction
- I. Guerrillas and Other Irregulars
- i. The Methods of Guerrilla Warfare
- ii. The Pre-1977 Legal Regime of Guerrilla Warfare
- iii. The Post-1977 Legal Regime of Guerrilla Warfare
- a. "Of a Party to a Conflict"
- b. Organization
- c. Responsible Command
- d. Compliance with the Rules of International Law Applicable in Armed Conflict
- iv. Article 44 of Protocol I and the Traditional Law
- v. Conclusion
- II. Claims With Respect to Mercenaries
- Introduction
- i. Problems of Definition
- ii. The Problem of Mercenarism in Historical Context
- iii. Domestic and International Prescriptions
- a. Treatment of Mercenaries in Angola
- b. The United States Neutrality Act
- c. The United Kingdom
- iv. Regional and Global Prescriptions: The OAU and the UN Efforts to Deal with Mercenaries
- v. Trends in the Treatment of Mercenaries Under the Jus in Bello: An Assessment
- vi. Conclusion
- CHAPTER SIX: CLAIMS WITH RESPECT TO BELLIGERENT REPRISALS
- Introduction
- I. The Definition of Reprisals in Contemporary International Law
- II. "Counter-Measures"
- III. The History of the Law of Belligerent Reprisals
- i. The Law Prior to the First World War
- ii. The First and Second World Wars
- iii. Developments Following the Second World War
- IV. The 1977 Protocols and the Current Law of Belligerent Reprisals
- i. Claim that Attacks Against the Civilian Population or Civilians by Way of Reprisals are Prohibited
- ii. Claim that Reprisals Against Civilian Objects are Prohibited
- iii. Claim that Reprisals Against Cultural Objects and Places of Worship are Prohibited
- iv. Claim that Reprisals Against Objects Indispensable to the Civilian Population are Prohibited.
- v. Claim that Reprisals Against the Natural Environment and Works and Installations Containing Dangerous Forces are Prohibited
- V. Appraisal and Conclusions
- i. Summary
- ii. The Theoretical Justification of Belligerent Reprisals
- iii. Alternative Methods for the Enforcement of the Law of Armed Conflict
- iv. Conclusions and Recommendations
- CHAPTER SEVEN: IMPLEMENTATION AND ENFORCEMENT
- Introduction
- I. Implementation and Enforcement at the International Level
- i. International Fact-Finding
- ii. Protecting Power
- iii. The International Committee of the Red Cross
- a. The Legal Bases for ICRC Activity
- b. Activities of the ICRC
- II. Implementation and Enforcement at the National Level
- i. Dissemination
- ii. Military Manuals
- iii. Other Means of National Implementation and Enforcement
- iv. Questions of Implementation and Enforcement in Conflicts Involving National Liberation Movements
- v. Conclusion
- CHAPTER EIGHT: EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Primary Source
- Conventions / Treaties
- Cases
- Books
- Articles
- Conferences, Symposia, etc.
- UN Documents, Reports, etc.
- US Congress
- INDEX.