Refugees, self-reliance, development : : a critical history / / Evan Easton-Calabria.
With five case studies from Greece, Tanzania, Pakistan, Uganda, and Egypt, this book tracks refugee self-reliance as a malleable concept used to pursue ulterior interests. It reshapes understandings of refugee self-reliance and delivers important messages for contemporary policymaking.
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Place / Publishing House: | Bristol, England : : Bristol University Press,, [2022] ©2022 |
Year of Publication: | 2022 |
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Language: | English |
Physical Description: | 1 online resource (252 pages) |
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Easton-Calabria, Evan Elise, author. Refugees, self-reliance, development : a critical history / Evan Easton-Calabria. 1st ed. Bristol, England : Bristol University Press, [2022] ©2022 1 online resource (252 pages) text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Front Cover -- Refugees, Self- Reliance, Development: A Critical History -- Copyright information -- Dedication -- Epigraph -- Table of contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Notes on the Author -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction: Why Refugee Self-Reliance? -- Discussions of refugee self-reliance today -- 'Solving' refugees' lack of self-reliance -- Refugees as economic subjects -- Main arguments and themes -- Why historicize refugee self-reliance? -- Situating the story: academic disciplines and theoretical approaches -- The geography of refugee self-reliance -- Where does the story come from? Sources and methods -- A note on terminology -- Chapter overview -- Chapter 2: Self-sufficiency out of necessity: refugee self-reliance assistance in interwar Greece -- Chapter 3: Socialism and self-reliance: refugee assistance in post-colonial East Africa -- Chapter 4: Warriors of self-reliance: refugee self-reliance in Cold War Pakistan -- Chapter 5: Dignity in informality? Urban refugee self-reliance assistance in Kampala, Uganda -- Chapter 6: Livelihoods 2.0? Refugee self-reliance and the digital gig economy -- Conclusion -- 2 Self-Sufficiency out of Necessity: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Interwar Greece -- Introduction -- The League of Nations and refugee self-reliance -- Self-reliance assistance in interwar Greece -- Refugee self-reliance assistance practices -- Agricultural settlement -- Urban refugee settlements -- Loans for refugees and the refugee-led revolving fund -- Vocational training and small-scale industries -- Refugee employment and ILO's employment-matching scheme -- The Refugee Loan -- The Great Depression and refugee settlement -- Shifting conceptions of refugees as workers -- 3 Socialism and Self-Reliance: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Post-Colonial East Africa -- Introduction. Decolonization and the advent of refugee assistance in Africa -- Zonal development and refugee self-reliance -- The 'development project' and refugee agency -- Refugee self-reliance assistance in post-colonial Tanzania -- Refugee self-reliance assistance practices -- Self-reliance assistance in the Mwese refugee settlement -- The structure of refugee self-reliance assistance -- Refugee self-reliance, politics, exploitation -- Refugee self-reliance in Tanzania -- The longer history of integrated rural development programmes -- Colonialism and refugee self-reliance -- Conclusion -- 4 Warriors of Self-Reliance: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Cold War Pakistan -- Introduction -- UNHCR's 'Refugee Aid and Development Strategy' -- Refugee self-reliance assistance to Afghan refugees in Pakistan -- 1979-1985: emergency relief and waged employment -- The UNHCR/World Bank project -- 1986-1989: dependency syndrome and psychosocial support -- From wage-based employment to psychosocial protection -- 1989-1995: self-reliance as a protection tool -- Self-reliance and cuts to food rations -- The gendered nature of self-reliance -- The early 1990s: repatriation and the 'Afghanisation' of NGOs -- Self-reliance, dependency - and welfare? -- The 'internationalization' of welfare and economic discourse -- Domestic to international policy shifts -- Notions of dependency and welfare -- Vulnerable populations of refugees -- Conclusion -- 5 Dignity in Informality? Urban Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Kampala, Uganda -- Introduction -- Repatriation, Targeted Development Assistance, and refugee livelihoods -- Refugee self-reliance assistance in Uganda -- Providers of livelihoods assistance in Kampala -- Self-reliance assistance practices in Kampala -- The structure of livelihoods trainings -- The challenges of creating livelihoods -- Access to markets and capital. Local authorities and livelihoods -- Fostering livelihoods, promoting protection? -- Local and international discourses on self-reliance -- Non-economic benefits of livelihoods trainings -- The disappointing gap between refugee livelihoods' rhetoric and reality -- Refugees as urban market subjects -- Lack of practical steps to support individual refugee self-reliance -- The structural factors of self-reliance -- Self-reliance and quality of life -- The instrumentalization of refugee self-reliance assistance -- Conclusion -- 6 Livelihoods 2.0? Refugee Self-Reliance and the Digital Gig Economy -- Introduction -- 'Enhancing' refugee self-reliance and digital access -- Tomooh: a digital livelihood in Cairo, Egypt -- Tomooh -- The digital livelihoods landscape for refugees -- The geography of digital work initiatives for refugees -- Types of digital work for refugees -- Types of assistance actors promoting digital livelihoods -- Online work platforms and refugee self-reliance -- Informal digital trade -- Challenges and barriers to digital work for refugees -- 'Ideal' refugee self-reliance and the (worrying) future of work -- Linkages to the future of work -- Conclusion -- 7 Conclusion -- Theoretical contributions to the study of refugee self-reliance -- Take-aways for policy and practice: what have we learned? -- Self-reliance, development, and welfare -- From bottom-up to top-down -- The outcomes of refugee self-reliance assistance -- Poverty and self-reliance -- Final word -- A note on connecting historical and contemporary methods and cases -- Annex: A Note on Methods and Sources -- A note on connecting historical and contemporary methods and cases -- References -- Primary literature -- Afghanistan Center Archives, Kabul University (Digital archive) -- Brainerd P. Salmon Private Papers (Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University). General Boxes, University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection (Oxford, UK) -- International Labour Organization Archive (UN, Geneva) -- League of Nations Archive (UN, Geneva) -- Neldner Collection (University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection, Oxford, UK) -- Ruth A. Palmeree Private Papers (Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University) -- T. F. Betts Collection, University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection (Oxford, UK) -- UNHCR Archives (Geneva and online catalogue) -- UNHCR Policy Documents (contemporary, digitally accessed) -- Miscellaneously acquired archival documents (primary or secondary archival documents accessed online or through the Bodleian Library Collection, University of Oxford) -- Qualitative interviews -- Secondary literature -- Index -- Back Cover. With five case studies from Greece, Tanzania, Pakistan, Uganda, and Egypt, this book tracks refugee self-reliance as a malleable concept used to pursue ulterior interests. It reshapes understandings of refugee self-reliance and delivers important messages for contemporary policymaking. Description based upon print version of record. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (pages [208]-230) and index. Self-reliance. Refugees Economic conditions. Print version: Easton-Calabria, Evan Refugees, Self-Reliance, Development Bristol : Bristol University Press,c2022 9781529219081 |
language |
English |
format |
eBook |
author |
Easton-Calabria, Evan Elise, |
spellingShingle |
Easton-Calabria, Evan Elise, Refugees, self-reliance, development : a critical history / Front Cover -- Refugees, Self- Reliance, Development: A Critical History -- Copyright information -- Dedication -- Epigraph -- Table of contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Notes on the Author -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction: Why Refugee Self-Reliance? -- Discussions of refugee self-reliance today -- 'Solving' refugees' lack of self-reliance -- Refugees as economic subjects -- Main arguments and themes -- Why historicize refugee self-reliance? -- Situating the story: academic disciplines and theoretical approaches -- The geography of refugee self-reliance -- Where does the story come from? Sources and methods -- A note on terminology -- Chapter overview -- Chapter 2: Self-sufficiency out of necessity: refugee self-reliance assistance in interwar Greece -- Chapter 3: Socialism and self-reliance: refugee assistance in post-colonial East Africa -- Chapter 4: Warriors of self-reliance: refugee self-reliance in Cold War Pakistan -- Chapter 5: Dignity in informality? Urban refugee self-reliance assistance in Kampala, Uganda -- Chapter 6: Livelihoods 2.0? Refugee self-reliance and the digital gig economy -- Conclusion -- 2 Self-Sufficiency out of Necessity: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Interwar Greece -- Introduction -- The League of Nations and refugee self-reliance -- Self-reliance assistance in interwar Greece -- Refugee self-reliance assistance practices -- Agricultural settlement -- Urban refugee settlements -- Loans for refugees and the refugee-led revolving fund -- Vocational training and small-scale industries -- Refugee employment and ILO's employment-matching scheme -- The Refugee Loan -- The Great Depression and refugee settlement -- Shifting conceptions of refugees as workers -- 3 Socialism and Self-Reliance: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Post-Colonial East Africa -- Introduction. Decolonization and the advent of refugee assistance in Africa -- Zonal development and refugee self-reliance -- The 'development project' and refugee agency -- Refugee self-reliance assistance in post-colonial Tanzania -- Refugee self-reliance assistance practices -- Self-reliance assistance in the Mwese refugee settlement -- The structure of refugee self-reliance assistance -- Refugee self-reliance, politics, exploitation -- Refugee self-reliance in Tanzania -- The longer history of integrated rural development programmes -- Colonialism and refugee self-reliance -- Conclusion -- 4 Warriors of Self-Reliance: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Cold War Pakistan -- Introduction -- UNHCR's 'Refugee Aid and Development Strategy' -- Refugee self-reliance assistance to Afghan refugees in Pakistan -- 1979-1985: emergency relief and waged employment -- The UNHCR/World Bank project -- 1986-1989: dependency syndrome and psychosocial support -- From wage-based employment to psychosocial protection -- 1989-1995: self-reliance as a protection tool -- Self-reliance and cuts to food rations -- The gendered nature of self-reliance -- The early 1990s: repatriation and the 'Afghanisation' of NGOs -- Self-reliance, dependency - and welfare? -- The 'internationalization' of welfare and economic discourse -- Domestic to international policy shifts -- Notions of dependency and welfare -- Vulnerable populations of refugees -- Conclusion -- 5 Dignity in Informality? Urban Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Kampala, Uganda -- Introduction -- Repatriation, Targeted Development Assistance, and refugee livelihoods -- Refugee self-reliance assistance in Uganda -- Providers of livelihoods assistance in Kampala -- Self-reliance assistance practices in Kampala -- The structure of livelihoods trainings -- The challenges of creating livelihoods -- Access to markets and capital. Local authorities and livelihoods -- Fostering livelihoods, promoting protection? -- Local and international discourses on self-reliance -- Non-economic benefits of livelihoods trainings -- The disappointing gap between refugee livelihoods' rhetoric and reality -- Refugees as urban market subjects -- Lack of practical steps to support individual refugee self-reliance -- The structural factors of self-reliance -- Self-reliance and quality of life -- The instrumentalization of refugee self-reliance assistance -- Conclusion -- 6 Livelihoods 2.0? Refugee Self-Reliance and the Digital Gig Economy -- Introduction -- 'Enhancing' refugee self-reliance and digital access -- Tomooh: a digital livelihood in Cairo, Egypt -- Tomooh -- The digital livelihoods landscape for refugees -- The geography of digital work initiatives for refugees -- Types of digital work for refugees -- Types of assistance actors promoting digital livelihoods -- Online work platforms and refugee self-reliance -- Informal digital trade -- Challenges and barriers to digital work for refugees -- 'Ideal' refugee self-reliance and the (worrying) future of work -- Linkages to the future of work -- Conclusion -- 7 Conclusion -- Theoretical contributions to the study of refugee self-reliance -- Take-aways for policy and practice: what have we learned? -- Self-reliance, development, and welfare -- From bottom-up to top-down -- The outcomes of refugee self-reliance assistance -- Poverty and self-reliance -- Final word -- A note on connecting historical and contemporary methods and cases -- Annex: A Note on Methods and Sources -- A note on connecting historical and contemporary methods and cases -- References -- Primary literature -- Afghanistan Center Archives, Kabul University (Digital archive) -- Brainerd P. Salmon Private Papers (Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University). General Boxes, University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection (Oxford, UK) -- International Labour Organization Archive (UN, Geneva) -- League of Nations Archive (UN, Geneva) -- Neldner Collection (University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection, Oxford, UK) -- Ruth A. Palmeree Private Papers (Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University) -- T. F. Betts Collection, University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection (Oxford, UK) -- UNHCR Archives (Geneva and online catalogue) -- UNHCR Policy Documents (contemporary, digitally accessed) -- Miscellaneously acquired archival documents (primary or secondary archival documents accessed online or through the Bodleian Library Collection, University of Oxford) -- Qualitative interviews -- Secondary literature -- Index -- Back Cover. |
author_facet |
Easton-Calabria, Evan Elise, |
author_variant |
e e e c eee eeec |
author_role |
VerfasserIn |
author_sort |
Easton-Calabria, Evan Elise, |
title |
Refugees, self-reliance, development : a critical history / |
title_sub |
a critical history / |
title_full |
Refugees, self-reliance, development : a critical history / Evan Easton-Calabria. |
title_fullStr |
Refugees, self-reliance, development : a critical history / Evan Easton-Calabria. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Refugees, self-reliance, development : a critical history / Evan Easton-Calabria. |
title_auth |
Refugees, self-reliance, development : a critical history / |
title_new |
Refugees, self-reliance, development : |
title_sort |
refugees, self-reliance, development : a critical history / |
publisher |
Bristol University Press, |
publishDate |
2022 |
physical |
1 online resource (252 pages) |
edition |
1st ed. |
contents |
Front Cover -- Refugees, Self- Reliance, Development: A Critical History -- Copyright information -- Dedication -- Epigraph -- Table of contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Notes on the Author -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction: Why Refugee Self-Reliance? -- Discussions of refugee self-reliance today -- 'Solving' refugees' lack of self-reliance -- Refugees as economic subjects -- Main arguments and themes -- Why historicize refugee self-reliance? -- Situating the story: academic disciplines and theoretical approaches -- The geography of refugee self-reliance -- Where does the story come from? Sources and methods -- A note on terminology -- Chapter overview -- Chapter 2: Self-sufficiency out of necessity: refugee self-reliance assistance in interwar Greece -- Chapter 3: Socialism and self-reliance: refugee assistance in post-colonial East Africa -- Chapter 4: Warriors of self-reliance: refugee self-reliance in Cold War Pakistan -- Chapter 5: Dignity in informality? Urban refugee self-reliance assistance in Kampala, Uganda -- Chapter 6: Livelihoods 2.0? Refugee self-reliance and the digital gig economy -- Conclusion -- 2 Self-Sufficiency out of Necessity: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Interwar Greece -- Introduction -- The League of Nations and refugee self-reliance -- Self-reliance assistance in interwar Greece -- Refugee self-reliance assistance practices -- Agricultural settlement -- Urban refugee settlements -- Loans for refugees and the refugee-led revolving fund -- Vocational training and small-scale industries -- Refugee employment and ILO's employment-matching scheme -- The Refugee Loan -- The Great Depression and refugee settlement -- Shifting conceptions of refugees as workers -- 3 Socialism and Self-Reliance: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Post-Colonial East Africa -- Introduction. Decolonization and the advent of refugee assistance in Africa -- Zonal development and refugee self-reliance -- The 'development project' and refugee agency -- Refugee self-reliance assistance in post-colonial Tanzania -- Refugee self-reliance assistance practices -- Self-reliance assistance in the Mwese refugee settlement -- The structure of refugee self-reliance assistance -- Refugee self-reliance, politics, exploitation -- Refugee self-reliance in Tanzania -- The longer history of integrated rural development programmes -- Colonialism and refugee self-reliance -- Conclusion -- 4 Warriors of Self-Reliance: Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Cold War Pakistan -- Introduction -- UNHCR's 'Refugee Aid and Development Strategy' -- Refugee self-reliance assistance to Afghan refugees in Pakistan -- 1979-1985: emergency relief and waged employment -- The UNHCR/World Bank project -- 1986-1989: dependency syndrome and psychosocial support -- From wage-based employment to psychosocial protection -- 1989-1995: self-reliance as a protection tool -- Self-reliance and cuts to food rations -- The gendered nature of self-reliance -- The early 1990s: repatriation and the 'Afghanisation' of NGOs -- Self-reliance, dependency - and welfare? -- The 'internationalization' of welfare and economic discourse -- Domestic to international policy shifts -- Notions of dependency and welfare -- Vulnerable populations of refugees -- Conclusion -- 5 Dignity in Informality? Urban Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Kampala, Uganda -- Introduction -- Repatriation, Targeted Development Assistance, and refugee livelihoods -- Refugee self-reliance assistance in Uganda -- Providers of livelihoods assistance in Kampala -- Self-reliance assistance practices in Kampala -- The structure of livelihoods trainings -- The challenges of creating livelihoods -- Access to markets and capital. Local authorities and livelihoods -- Fostering livelihoods, promoting protection? -- Local and international discourses on self-reliance -- Non-economic benefits of livelihoods trainings -- The disappointing gap between refugee livelihoods' rhetoric and reality -- Refugees as urban market subjects -- Lack of practical steps to support individual refugee self-reliance -- The structural factors of self-reliance -- Self-reliance and quality of life -- The instrumentalization of refugee self-reliance assistance -- Conclusion -- 6 Livelihoods 2.0? Refugee Self-Reliance and the Digital Gig Economy -- Introduction -- 'Enhancing' refugee self-reliance and digital access -- Tomooh: a digital livelihood in Cairo, Egypt -- Tomooh -- The digital livelihoods landscape for refugees -- The geography of digital work initiatives for refugees -- Types of digital work for refugees -- Types of assistance actors promoting digital livelihoods -- Online work platforms and refugee self-reliance -- Informal digital trade -- Challenges and barriers to digital work for refugees -- 'Ideal' refugee self-reliance and the (worrying) future of work -- Linkages to the future of work -- Conclusion -- 7 Conclusion -- Theoretical contributions to the study of refugee self-reliance -- Take-aways for policy and practice: what have we learned? -- Self-reliance, development, and welfare -- From bottom-up to top-down -- The outcomes of refugee self-reliance assistance -- Poverty and self-reliance -- Final word -- A note on connecting historical and contemporary methods and cases -- Annex: A Note on Methods and Sources -- A note on connecting historical and contemporary methods and cases -- References -- Primary literature -- Afghanistan Center Archives, Kabul University (Digital archive) -- Brainerd P. Salmon Private Papers (Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University). General Boxes, University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection (Oxford, UK) -- International Labour Organization Archive (UN, Geneva) -- League of Nations Archive (UN, Geneva) -- Neldner Collection (University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection, Oxford, UK) -- Ruth A. Palmeree Private Papers (Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University) -- T. F. Betts Collection, University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection (Oxford, UK) -- UNHCR Archives (Geneva and online catalogue) -- UNHCR Policy Documents (contemporary, digitally accessed) -- Miscellaneously acquired archival documents (primary or secondary archival documents accessed online or through the Bodleian Library Collection, University of Oxford) -- Qualitative interviews -- Secondary literature -- Index -- Back Cover. |
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Urban Refugee Self-Reliance Assistance in Kampala, Uganda -- Introduction -- Repatriation, Targeted Development Assistance, and refugee livelihoods -- Refugee self-reliance assistance in Uganda -- Providers of livelihoods assistance in Kampala -- Self-reliance assistance practices in Kampala -- The structure of livelihoods trainings -- The challenges of creating livelihoods -- Access to markets and capital.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Local authorities and livelihoods -- Fostering livelihoods, promoting protection? -- Local and international discourses on self-reliance -- Non-economic benefits of livelihoods trainings -- The disappointing gap between refugee livelihoods' rhetoric and reality -- Refugees as urban market subjects -- Lack of practical steps to support individual refugee self-reliance -- The structural factors of self-reliance -- Self-reliance and quality of life -- The instrumentalization of refugee self-reliance assistance -- Conclusion -- 6 Livelihoods 2.0? Refugee Self-Reliance and the Digital Gig Economy -- Introduction -- 'Enhancing' refugee self-reliance and digital access -- Tomooh: a digital livelihood in Cairo, Egypt -- Tomooh -- The digital livelihoods landscape for refugees -- The geography of digital work initiatives for refugees -- Types of digital work for refugees -- Types of assistance actors promoting digital livelihoods -- Online work platforms and refugee self-reliance -- Informal digital trade -- Challenges and barriers to digital work for refugees -- 'Ideal' refugee self-reliance and the (worrying) future of work -- Linkages to the future of work -- Conclusion -- 7 Conclusion -- Theoretical contributions to the study of refugee self-reliance -- Take-aways for policy and practice: what have we learned? -- Self-reliance, development, and welfare -- From bottom-up to top-down -- The outcomes of refugee self-reliance assistance -- Poverty and self-reliance -- Final word -- A note on connecting historical and contemporary methods and cases -- Annex: A Note on Methods and Sources -- A note on connecting historical and contemporary methods and cases -- References -- Primary literature -- Afghanistan Center Archives, Kabul University (Digital archive) -- Brainerd P. Salmon Private Papers (Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University).</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">General Boxes, University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection (Oxford, UK) -- International Labour Organization Archive (UN, Geneva) -- League of Nations Archive (UN, Geneva) -- Neldner Collection (University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection, Oxford, UK) -- Ruth A. Palmeree Private Papers (Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University) -- T. F. Betts Collection, University of Oxford Refugee Studies Centre Grey Literature Collection (Oxford, UK) -- UNHCR Archives (Geneva and online catalogue) -- UNHCR Policy Documents (contemporary, digitally accessed) -- Miscellaneously acquired archival documents (primary or secondary archival documents accessed online or through the Bodleian Library Collection, University of Oxford) -- Qualitative interviews -- Secondary literature -- Index -- Back Cover.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">With five case studies from Greece, Tanzania, Pakistan, Uganda, and Egypt, this book tracks refugee self-reliance as a malleable concept used to pursue ulterior interests. It reshapes understandings of refugee self-reliance and delivers important messages for contemporary policymaking.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Description based upon print version of record.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="588" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Description based on print version record.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="504" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references (pages [208]-230) and index.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Self-reliance.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Refugees</subfield><subfield code="x">Economic conditions.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Print version:</subfield><subfield code="a">Easton-Calabria, Evan</subfield><subfield code="t">Refugees, Self-Reliance, Development</subfield><subfield code="d">Bristol : Bristol University Press,c2022</subfield><subfield code="z">9781529219081</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="906" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">BOOK</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="ADM" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">2023-05-04 02:24:37 Europe/Vienna</subfield><subfield code="f">system</subfield><subfield code="c">marc21</subfield><subfield code="a">2022-06-03 10:22:03 Europe/Vienna</subfield><subfield code="g">false</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="AVE" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="P">DOAB Directory of Open Access Books</subfield><subfield code="x">https://eu02.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/uresolver/43ACC_OEAW/openurl?u.ignore_date_coverage=true&portfolio_pid=5338311930004498&Force_direct=true</subfield><subfield code="Z">5338311930004498</subfield><subfield code="8">5338311930004498</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |