Chemistry and Biology of Pteridines : : Pteridines and Folic Acid Derivatives. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Pteridines and Folic Acid Derivatives, Chemical, Biological and Clinical Aspects. / 8, : Montreal, Canada, June 15–20, 1986 / / ed. by B. A. Cooper, V. M. Whitehead.
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Table of Contents:
- Frontmatter
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Contents
- How it all Began: A Brief History of the Pteridine Symposia
- The Gowland Hopkins Lecture: The Mechanisms of Action of Folate and Pterin Requiring Enzymes
- Section A: Chemistry of Pterins and Folates
- Side-Chain Chemistry of Pteridines
- A General Method for the Synthesis of 10-Substituted-10-Deaza Folate Analogues
- Synthesis and Properties of Pyrimidodiazepines as Ring-Strained Probes of Pterin Utilizing Enzymes
- Summary: Pterin and Folate Chemistry
- A Facile Method for Preparing 2,4-Diamino-5,8-Dideazapterins
- Synthesis of 5,10-Dideaza-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrofolic Acid (DDATHF) and Analogs
- Synthetic Routes to Methotrexate- and Folic Acid-Polyglutamates of High Chemical and Enantiomeric Purity
- In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluations of 5-[4-(Substituted Aryl)-1- Piperazinyl]-6-Alkyl-2,4-Pyrimidinediamines as Antitumor Agents
- The Electrochemical Oxidation of Tetrahydropterin Derivatives
- A Practical Synthesis of (6R)- and (6S)-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterins
- Chemical Synthesis and Properties of Quinonoid (6R)-Dihydrobiopterin
- Pyrazine-Ring Conformations of Tetrahydropterins and Quinonoid-Dihydropterins
- Hydrogenation of Silylated Pterins in Benzene Solution
- N(5)-Alkylation of Polyacetylated 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroneopterins
- Oxidations Photosensitized by Pterins and Diaminopteridines
- Structure of the Riboflavin Synthase/Lumazine Synthase Complex. Arrangement and Chain Folding of Subunits in the Icosahedral Capsid
- Use of C18 Silica Cartridges to Purify and Characterize Pterins
- Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Tetrahydrobiopterin Cofactor Analogues
- Synthesis, Purification and Properties of a New Class of Pteridine Derivatives
- Summary: Chemistry of Pterins
- Section B: Biosynthesis and Biochemistry of Pterins
- Biosynthesis of Tetrahydrobiopterin and Related Compounds in Drosophila melanogaster
- Tetrahydrobiopterin Biosynthesis in Man
- The Biosynthesis of Tetrahydrobiopterin in the Bovine Adrenal Medulla
- The Biosynthesis of Tetrahydrobiopterin in Rat Brain
- Summary: Biosynthesis of Tetrahydrobiopterin
- The Metabolic Role of Tetrahydrobiopterin
- Spectroscopic Studies on Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase from Bovine Adrenal Medulla: A Blue Iron Protein
- Queuine-Lacking tNRAs in Relation to the Grade of Malignancy of Specific Tumors, Possible Role of Pteridines
- Pteridine Synthesis During Interaction of Interleukin 2 with T Lymphocytes - Modulator Function in IL-2 Signal Transmission
- Section C: Biology of Pterins
- Dopamine Neurons in Culture: A Model System for Examination of Neuronal Biopterin Metabolism
- Role of the Pituitary in the Regulation of Tetrahydrobiopterin Biosynthesis in the Non-Neuronal Tissues
- Distribution of GTP Cyclohydrolase-I, Neopterin, and Biopterin in the Human Brain
- Enzymatic Synthesis of 6,7-Dimethyl-8-Ribityllumazine
- A Model for Hyperphenylal aninaemia Due to Tetrahydrobiopterin Deficiency
- The Effect of Biopterin and its Reduced Derivatives on Cultured Human Lymphocytes
- Developmental Aspects of Biopterin Metabolism in Human
- Screening for Biopterin Defects Among Hyperphenylalaninemic Patients: Report of a Canadian Program After 3 Years
- Need for Therapy in utero of Fetuses with Tetrahydrobiopterin Deficiency
- Pteridine Metabolism in Patients Suffering from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Urinary Neopterin in Cocaine-Abusing Individuals
- Features of Neopterin Determination in Clinical Use
- Diurnal Variation in Urinary Pterin Excretion in Man
- The Relationship between Pteridines and Colour Dimorphism in the Scorpion Fly
- Pteridine Biosynthesis and Manifestation of Pigment Phenotypes in Normal and Neoplastic Cells of Goldfish in Vitro
- Light Depending Regulations of Pteridines in the Retina
- Differences in the Regulation of Tetrahydrobiopterin Biosynthesis in Neuronal Cells in Culture
- NADPH- and NADH-Specific Dihydropteridine Reductase in Teratocarcinoma Cells in Culture: Effect of Nerve Growth Factor Treatment of the Cells on the Enzyme Activities
- Reversibility of α-Diketo Reductase Activity by Sepiapterin Reductase
- Non-Enzymatic Synthesis of "Drosopterins" from Dihydropterin and 2-Amino-4-0xo-6-Acetyl-3H, 9H-7,8-Dihydropyrimido [4,5b] [1,4]Diazepine
- BH4 Biosynthesis: 1H-NMR Evidence for the Pyruvoyl-Tetrahydropterin-Synthase Catalyzed Formation of 6-Pyruvoyl-Tetrahydropterin from Dihydroneopterin Triphosphate
- Catabolism of Tetrahydrobiopterin in Man
- Pteridine Biosynthesis in Human Amniocytes and Chorionic Villi
- The Role of the Kidney in Biopterin Metabolism
- Tetrahydrobiopterin-Producing Enzyme Activities in Liver of Animals and Man
- Effect of 3-Hydroxykynurenine on GTP Cyclohydrolase Activity and on the Pteridine Pattern in Drosophila melanogaster
- Tetrahydrobiopterin Metabolism in Normal Brain, Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type and Down's Syndrome
- Summary: Biology of Pteridines
- Biosynthesis of Pteridines and Metabolism of Aromatic Amino Acids in Drosophila melanogaster
- The Inhibition of tRNA Transglycosylases by Pteridines as a Mean for Metabolic Control of Gene Expression
- Modulation of Dopamine Synthesis by Nerve Terminal Autoreceptors: A Role for Tetrahydrobiopterin?
- A Monoclonal Antibody Reacting with All Three Aromatic Amino Acid Hydroxylases
- Alterations in Cofactor-Dependent Activity of Phenylalanine Hydroxylase as a Function of pH
- Interaction of a Monoclonal Antibody with Rat Liver Phenylalanine Hydroxylase
- The Effect of Dietary Iron on the Activity of Rat Liver Phenylalanine Hydroxylase
- Strict Requirement of Fe2+ for Tryptophan 5-Monooxygenase from Mouse Mastocytoma, P-815
- Tetrahydrobiopterin and the Regulation of Catecholamine Synthesis in Bovine Adrenal Medullary Chromaffin Cells
- Cofactor Activity of Tetrahydropterins for Tyrosine Hydroxylation in PC12 Pheochromocytoma Cells
- Summary: Pterin-Dependent Biological Reactions
- Tetrahydrobiopterin Deficiency. Analysis from an International Survey
- Cofactor Specificity of 6,6-Disubstituted Tetrahydropterins, and their Potential in the Treatment of Neurological Disorders
- Normal Concentrations of Tetrahydrobiopterin in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Dihydropteridine Reductase Deficiency
- Prenatal Diagnosis of Tetrahydrobiopterin Deficiency
- Defective Biopterin Biosynthesis in a Chinese Infant
- Correlation of Dihydropterine Reductase Cross Reacting Material with Non-Responsiveness to a Tetrahydrobiopterin Load
- Neopterin and Dihydroneopterins in Serum of Controls and Patients with Various Diseases. Circadian Rhythm of Neopterin. Influence of Cortisol?
- Neopterin Content and GTP-Cyclohydrolase Activity of Blood Cells of Controls and Patients Positive for LAV/HTLV-III Antibodies
- Neopterin in Bone Marrow Transplant Monitoring: An Improvement in its Use for GVHD Diagnosis
- Importance of Neopterin Determination in Individuals at Risk for AIDS
- Biochemical Aspects of Pteridines During Interaction Between Activated T-Lymphocytes and Monocytes/Macrophages in Patients
- Summary: Pterins and Human Illness
- Section D: Folates and Pterins in Mammalian Tissues
- Folates in Tissues and Cells.
- Support for a "Two-Tier" Hypothesis of Regulation of One-Carbon Metabolism
- Elevation in the Rate of Cellular Folate Catabolism in Mid-Pregnancy in the Rat
- The Red Blood Cell as a Storage Site for Folic Acid
- Methotrexate and Biopterin Levels in Blood Following Low Dose Administration for Psoriasis
- Summary: Folates in Tissue and Cells
- Folate Rescue of N2O-Induced Inhibition in Murine Lymphocytes
- Folate Absorption and Metabolism in Alcohol Fed Rats
- Chronic and Acute Effects of Ethanol on Renal Clearance and Urinary Excretion of Folate in Rats
- Effect of Chronic Anticonvulsant Treatment on Folate Concentrations in the Rat
- Alcohol Induced Methyl Group Wastage as a Possible Cause of Fatty Liver
- Folate Catabolism in the Syrian Golden Hamster
- The Level of Folate Catabolism in Normal Human Populations, Suggesting that the Current Level of RDA for Folate is Excessive
- Microdetermination of Folate Monoglutamates in Serum by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection
- Folate Status in Psychiatric Patients: Relationship with CSF Neurotransmitter Metabolites
- Folate, Thiamine and Vitamin B12 Levels in Outpatient Epileptics
- Effect of Aspirin Ingestion on Folate Bioavailability Evaluated by Rat Liver Bioassay
- Brush Border Pteroylpolyglutamate Hydrolase in Pig Jejunum
- Use of CI-920 in the Characterization of the Methotrexate Transport Defect in a Resistant Human Leukemic CCRF-CEM Cell Line
- The Effect of Oxidative Stress on Methotrexate (MTX) Transport by Rat Hepatocytes
- Folate Transport by Pig Intestinal Brush Border Vesicles
- Depressed Folate Transfer Across the Mammary Gland Secondary to Iron Deficiency in the Rat
- Studies on the Mechanism of Folate Transport in Isolated Hepatocytes
- Analysis of the pH and Na+ Dependence of Intestinal Folate Transport
- Intestinal Transport of Folate. Characterization of the Transport Events at the Brush Border and the Basolateral Membranes
- The Synthesis of Some Novel Probes of Folate Transport and Binding
- Photoaffinity Probes of Dihydrofolate Reductase and of the Membrane Carrier for Folate Analogues
- The Use of Biosynthetic Radioactive Folylpolyglutamates to Study Intestinal Digestion and Absorption of Folate
- Selective Inhibition of Bacterial Carboxypeptidase G and Pancreatic Conjugase by 2-Mercaptomethylglutaric Acid
- Summary: Folate Absorption and Transport
- Studies on Glycine-N-Methyltransferase
- Folate Binding Protein from Pediococcus Cerevisiae Strains Possessing Active Transport Systems for Folates
- Immobilized Folate Binding Protein from Cow's Milk Used for Quantitation of Folate
- Characterization of Rabbit Antibodies Against the Folate Binding Protein from Cow's Milk
- Section E: Enzymology of Folates
- 1. Thymidylate Synthase
- Genetic and Chemical Studies on Thymidylate Synthase
- Active Site Probes of Thymidylate Synthetase
- Resonance-Raman Spectroscopic Identification of the Transient Intermediates Formed in the Native Ternary Complex with Thymidylate Synthase
- The Reversal of the Cytotoxicity of Folate-Based Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitors in Cultures L1210 Cells
- Thymidylate Synthase Activity in the Tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta
- Identification of Poly G Bound to Thymidylate Synthase
- Methotrexate Derivates of Deoxyuridylate Showing Inhibitory Properties for Thymidylate Synthetase from Lactobacillus casei
- Comparison of Thymidylate Synthase Isolated from Mouse Normal and Tumour Tissues
- Thymidylate Synthase Interaction with Analogues of dUMP and 5-Fluorid- 2'-Deoxyuridine-5'-Phosphate with Modified Phosphate Groups
- An In Vitro System for Studies on Inhibition of the Thymidylate Cycle
- N10-Propargyl-5,8-Dideazafolic Acid Polyglutamates as Inhibitors of Thymidylate Synthase and their Intracellular Formation
- Sequential CMF in Metastatic Breast Cancer: An Attempt to Increase Effectiveness by Means of Biochemical Modulation
- Model Studies of Thymidylate Synthase Reaction
- Synergistic Interaction Between Folinic Acid and the Fluoropyrimidines
- 2. Methionine Biosynthesis
- Methionine Biosynthesis
- Impaired Formylation and Uptake of Tetrahydrofolate by Rat Small Gut Following Cobalamin Inactivation
- Heterogeneity in Functional Methionine Synthase Deficiency
- Summary: Methionine Biosynthesis
- 3. Folyl Polyglutamate Synthetase
- Folylpoly-γ-glutamate Synthetase
- Cytotoxic Effects and Inhibition of Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase by Folate Analogs Containing 2, Omega-Diaminoalkanoic Acids
- An Upstream Gene Regulates the Expression of Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase-Dihydrofolate Synthetase in Escherichia coli
- Occurence and Synthesis of Pteroyl-γ-glutamyl-γ-glutamyl-poly-α-glutamates in Escherichia coli
- Summary: Folylpolyglutamate Synthesis
- The Metabolism of Pteroylpolyglutamates
- Dihydropteroyl Hexaglutamate and T4 Phage Baseplate Assembly
- Effects of Polyglutamylation on Folate Cofactor and Antifolate Activity in the Thymidylate Synthase Cycle of Permeabilized Murine Leukemia L1210 Cells
- Summary: Pteroylpolyglutamate metabolism
- 4. Dihydrofolate Reductase
- Recent Advances in the Study of Dihydrofolate Reductase
- The 2.8 Å Structure of a Type II Plasmid Encoded Dihydrofolate Reductase
- Mutations in the Human Dihydrofolate Reductase
- Theoretical Studies of the Structure, Conformational and Electronic Properties of Anticancer Folate Inhibitors
- Binding of Inhibitors with Spin-Labeled Side Chains to Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) from Several Species
- Affinity Labeling of Dihydrofolate Reductase with an Iodoacetyl Lysine Analogue of Methotrexate
- Escherichia coli Dihydrofolate Reductase Isolated as a Folate Complex
- Dihydrofolate Reductase from Soybean Seedlings
- Use of Antibodies as Structural Probes of Dihydrofolate Reductases and Enzyme-Ligand Complexes
- Cooperativity in Inhibitor Binding to Neisseria gonorrhoeae Dihydrofolate Reductase
- pH Studies of the Reaction Catalyzed by Dihydrofolate Reductase from E. coli
- Effects of pH on Reactions Catalyzed by Dihydrofolate Reductase from Chicken Liver
- Unconjugated Dihydropterin Substrates for Bovine Liver Dihydrofolate Reductase
- Enzymatic Characterization of Recombinant Human Dihydrofolate Reductase Produced in E. coli
- Levels of Folates and Methotrexate Polyglutamate Formation in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Lacking Dihydrofolate Reductase
- Methotrexate in Adjuvant Arthritis
- Computer Graphic Modeling in Drug Design: Conformational Analysis and Active-Site Modeling of Lipophilic Diaminopyrimidines
- Effect of Antifolates 10-Methyl- and 10-Ethyl-10-Deaza-Aminopterin on a Human Breast Cancer Cell Line
- Biochemical and Cytotoxic Effects of the Erythro- and Threo-Isomers of Gamma-Fluoro-Methotrexate
- 5. Other Folate Enzymes
- C1-Tetrahydrofolate-Synthase, a Multifunctional Enzyme Involved in Purine Metabolism, and its Related Monofunctional Enzymes
- The Interaction of Tetrahydropteroylpolyglutamates with 10-Formyltetra-Hydrofolate Synthetase
- Summary: Folates in C 1 Metabolism
- Chemical Aspects of Dimethylglycine Dehydrogenase and Sarcosine Dehydrogenase
- Folate Normalizes Elevated PRPP Levels of Folate-Deficient HL-60 Cells
- Stereochemistry of Hydride Transfer to NADP+ by Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase from Pig Liver
- The Effects of Thyroxine Status on Hepatic Levels of 10-Formyltetrahydrofolic Acid: NADP Oxidoreductase
- Interaction of Homocysteine with Methionine Synthetase
- Minor Form of Human Hepatic Betaine: Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase
- Studies of Cobalamin-Dependent Methionine Synthase from Escherichia coli B
- Inhibition of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase by Adenosyl Methionine
- Regulation of Folate Homeostasis
- An Endogenous Inhibitor of Neurospora Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase
- Folylpolyglutamate Hydrolase from Beef Liver
- Use of Mammalian Cell Transformation to Isolate Genomic Sequences Encoding Human Folylpolyglutamate Synthetase (FPGS) and Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR)
- Section F: Methotrexate and Other Anti-Folates
- Antifolates: Expanding Horizons in 1986
- Deaza Derivatives of Tetrahydrofolic Acid.
- A New Class of Folate Antimetabolite
- Structure Activity Relationships of Novel Triazine Antifolates
- The Effect of 7-Hydroxymethotrexate on the Antitumor Activity and Host Toxicity of Methotrexate In Vivo
- Summary: The Biology of Antifolates
- Crystal Structure of Methotrexate and its Conformational Comparison with Related Structures
- Effect of Methotrexate on Reduced Folates and Thymidylate Synthesis During Growth of L1210 Cells
- Dihydrofolate Reductase from Human Osteosarcoma Cells Resistant to Methotrexate
- Evidence for Direct Inhibition of Metabolic Pathways as a Mechanism of Action of Methotrexate
- Inhibition of Dihydrofolate Reductase and Thymidylate Synthase by Methotrexate Polyglutamate Analogues Lacking "Internal" α-Carboxyl Groups
- The Antifolate Activity of Poly-γ-Glutamyl Derivatives of Methotrexate, 10-Deazaaminopterin and 10-Ethyl-10 Deazaaminopterin
- Polyglutamation of the Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor, N10-Propargyl-5,8-Dideazafolic Acid (CB 3717), in Organs of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma-Bearing Mice
- 5,8-Dideazafolates as Substrates for Folypoly-γ-Glutamate Synthetase from Pig Liver
- 5-Substituted-5-Deaza Analogues of Classical Antifolates
- Azido-Substituted Antifolate Drugs: Synthesis, Structure, and Activity
- Summary: Novel Antifolates
- Author Index
- Subject Index
- List of Participants
- Backmatter
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