Policies of Chaos : : The Organizational Causes of Violence in China's Cultural Revolution / / Lynn T. White.
The tumult of the Cultural Revolution after 1966 is often blamed on a few leaders in Beijing, or on long-term egalitarian ideals, or on communist or Chinese political cultures. Lynn White shows, however, that the chaos resulted mainly from reactions by masses of individuals and small groups to three...
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Place / Publishing House: | Princeton, NJ : : Princeton University Press, , [2014] ©1989 |
Year of Publication: | 2014 |
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Language: | English |
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Physical Description: | 1 online resource (382 p.) |
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White, Lynn T., author. aut http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut Policies of Chaos : The Organizational Causes of Violence in China's Cultural Revolution / Lynn T. White. Course Book Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press, [2014] ©1989 1 online resource (382 p.) text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier text file PDF rda Princeton Legacy Library ; 1031 Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Romanizations -- CHAPTER 1. What the Cultural Revolution Was, and Why It Happened -- CHAPTER 2. Workers and Managers: New Democracy vs. Socialism, 1949-1956 -- CHAPTER 3. Students and Residents: Policing vs. Patriotism, 1949-1956 -- CHAPTER 4. Workers and Managers: The Transition to Socialism, 1956-1957 -- CHAPTER 5. Students and Residents: Flowers, Coercion, and Minds, 1956-1957 -- CHAPTER 6. The Great Leap Forward and Salvation by Work, 1958-1962 -- CHAPTER 7. Exhaustion in the Leap among Residents and Intellectuals, 1958-1962 -- CHAPTER 8. Tightening Control over the Economy, 1962-1966 -- CHAPTER 9. A Standardized System for Urban Statuses, 1962-1966 -- CHAPTER 10. Maoists Try to Remake Management, 1966-1968 -- CHAPTER 11. Conflict among Local Symbol Makers, 1966-1968 -- CHAPTER 12. Conclusion: Causes and Lessons of the Tragedy -- Bibliography -- Index restricted access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec online access with authorization star The tumult of the Cultural Revolution after 1966 is often blamed on a few leaders in Beijing, or on long-term egalitarian ideals, or on communist or Chinese political cultures. Lynn White shows, however, that the chaos resulted mainly from reactions by masses of individuals and small groups to three specific policies of administrative manipulation: labeling groups, designating bosses, and legitimating violence in political campaigns. These habits of local organization were common after 1949 and gave the state success in short-term revolutionary aims, despite scarce resources and staff--but they also drove millions to attack each other later.First, measures accumulated before 1966 to give people bad or good names (such as "rightist" or "worker"); these set a family's access to employment, education, residence, and rations--so they gave interests to potential conflict groups. Second, policies for bossism went far beyond Confucian patronage patterns, making work units tightly dependent on Party monitors--so rational individuals either pandered to local bosses or (when they could) deposed them. Third, the institutionalized violence of political campaigns both mobilized activists and scared others into compliance. These organizational measures were often effective in the short run before 1966 but accumulated social costs that China paid later. The book ends with comparisons to past cases of mass urban ostracism in other countries, and it suggests how such tragedies may be forecast or prevented in the future.Originally published in 1989.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. Issued also in print. Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web. In English. Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 30. Aug 2021) China -- History -- Cultural Revolution, 1966-1976. China -- History -- Cultural Revolution, 1966-1976.;China -- Politics and government -- 1949-1976. China -- Politics and government -- 1949-1976. HISTORY / Asia / China. bisacsh Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Asian Studies Archive (pre 2000) eBook Package 9783110649680 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Princeton Legacy Lib. eBook Package 1980-1999 9783110413441 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Princeton Legacy Library eBook Package World History 9783110413663 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Princeton University Press eBook-Package Archive 1927-1999 9783110442496 print 9780691609164 https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400860579 https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9781400860579 Cover https://www.degruyter.com/cover/covers/9781400860579.jpg |
language |
English |
format |
eBook |
author |
White, Lynn T., White, Lynn T., |
spellingShingle |
White, Lynn T., White, Lynn T., Policies of Chaos : The Organizational Causes of Violence in China's Cultural Revolution / Princeton Legacy Library ; Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Romanizations -- CHAPTER 1. What the Cultural Revolution Was, and Why It Happened -- CHAPTER 2. Workers and Managers: New Democracy vs. Socialism, 1949-1956 -- CHAPTER 3. Students and Residents: Policing vs. Patriotism, 1949-1956 -- CHAPTER 4. Workers and Managers: The Transition to Socialism, 1956-1957 -- CHAPTER 5. Students and Residents: Flowers, Coercion, and Minds, 1956-1957 -- CHAPTER 6. The Great Leap Forward and Salvation by Work, 1958-1962 -- CHAPTER 7. Exhaustion in the Leap among Residents and Intellectuals, 1958-1962 -- CHAPTER 8. Tightening Control over the Economy, 1962-1966 -- CHAPTER 9. A Standardized System for Urban Statuses, 1962-1966 -- CHAPTER 10. Maoists Try to Remake Management, 1966-1968 -- CHAPTER 11. Conflict among Local Symbol Makers, 1966-1968 -- CHAPTER 12. Conclusion: Causes and Lessons of the Tragedy -- Bibliography -- Index |
author_facet |
White, Lynn T., White, Lynn T., |
author_variant |
l t w lt ltw l t w lt ltw |
author_role |
VerfasserIn VerfasserIn |
author_sort |
White, Lynn T., |
title |
Policies of Chaos : The Organizational Causes of Violence in China's Cultural Revolution / |
title_sub |
The Organizational Causes of Violence in China's Cultural Revolution / |
title_full |
Policies of Chaos : The Organizational Causes of Violence in China's Cultural Revolution / Lynn T. White. |
title_fullStr |
Policies of Chaos : The Organizational Causes of Violence in China's Cultural Revolution / Lynn T. White. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Policies of Chaos : The Organizational Causes of Violence in China's Cultural Revolution / Lynn T. White. |
title_auth |
Policies of Chaos : The Organizational Causes of Violence in China's Cultural Revolution / |
title_alt |
Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Romanizations -- CHAPTER 1. What the Cultural Revolution Was, and Why It Happened -- CHAPTER 2. Workers and Managers: New Democracy vs. Socialism, 1949-1956 -- CHAPTER 3. Students and Residents: Policing vs. Patriotism, 1949-1956 -- CHAPTER 4. Workers and Managers: The Transition to Socialism, 1956-1957 -- CHAPTER 5. Students and Residents: Flowers, Coercion, and Minds, 1956-1957 -- CHAPTER 6. The Great Leap Forward and Salvation by Work, 1958-1962 -- CHAPTER 7. Exhaustion in the Leap among Residents and Intellectuals, 1958-1962 -- CHAPTER 8. Tightening Control over the Economy, 1962-1966 -- CHAPTER 9. A Standardized System for Urban Statuses, 1962-1966 -- CHAPTER 10. Maoists Try to Remake Management, 1966-1968 -- CHAPTER 11. Conflict among Local Symbol Makers, 1966-1968 -- CHAPTER 12. Conclusion: Causes and Lessons of the Tragedy -- Bibliography -- Index |
title_new |
Policies of Chaos : |
title_sort |
policies of chaos : the organizational causes of violence in china's cultural revolution / |
series |
Princeton Legacy Library ; |
series2 |
Princeton Legacy Library ; |
publisher |
Princeton University Press, |
publishDate |
2014 |
physical |
1 online resource (382 p.) Issued also in print. |
edition |
Course Book |
contents |
Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Romanizations -- CHAPTER 1. What the Cultural Revolution Was, and Why It Happened -- CHAPTER 2. Workers and Managers: New Democracy vs. Socialism, 1949-1956 -- CHAPTER 3. Students and Residents: Policing vs. Patriotism, 1949-1956 -- CHAPTER 4. Workers and Managers: The Transition to Socialism, 1956-1957 -- CHAPTER 5. Students and Residents: Flowers, Coercion, and Minds, 1956-1957 -- CHAPTER 6. The Great Leap Forward and Salvation by Work, 1958-1962 -- CHAPTER 7. Exhaustion in the Leap among Residents and Intellectuals, 1958-1962 -- CHAPTER 8. Tightening Control over the Economy, 1962-1966 -- CHAPTER 9. A Standardized System for Urban Statuses, 1962-1966 -- CHAPTER 10. Maoists Try to Remake Management, 1966-1968 -- CHAPTER 11. Conflict among Local Symbol Makers, 1966-1968 -- CHAPTER 12. Conclusion: Causes and Lessons of the Tragedy -- Bibliography -- Index |
isbn |
9781400860579 9783110649680 9783110413441 9783110413663 9783110442496 9780691609164 |
callnumber-first |
D - World History |
callnumber-subject |
DS - Asia |
callnumber-label |
DS778 |
callnumber-sort |
DS 3778.7 W47 41989EB |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400860579 https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9781400860579 https://www.degruyter.com/cover/covers/9781400860579.jpg |
illustrated |
Not Illustrated |
dewey-hundreds |
900 - History & geography |
dewey-tens |
950 - History of Asia |
dewey-ones |
951 - China & adjacent areas |
dewey-full |
951.05/6 |
dewey-sort |
3951.05 16 |
dewey-raw |
951.05/6 |
dewey-search |
951.05/6 |
doi_str_mv |
10.1515/9781400860579 |
oclc_num |
922699283 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT whitelynnt policiesofchaostheorganizationalcausesofviolenceinchinasculturalrevolution |
status_str |
n |
ids_txt_mv |
(DE-B1597)447320 (OCoLC)922699283 |
carrierType_str_mv |
cr |
hierarchy_parent_title |
Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Asian Studies Archive (pre 2000) eBook Package Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Princeton Legacy Lib. eBook Package 1980-1999 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Princeton Legacy Library eBook Package World History Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Princeton University Press eBook-Package Archive 1927-1999 |
is_hierarchy_title |
Policies of Chaos : The Organizational Causes of Violence in China's Cultural Revolution / |
container_title |
Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Asian Studies Archive (pre 2000) eBook Package |
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fullrecord |
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Maoists Try to Remake Management, 1966-1968 -- </subfield><subfield code="t">CHAPTER 11. Conflict among Local Symbol Makers, 1966-1968 -- </subfield><subfield code="t">CHAPTER 12. Conclusion: Causes and Lessons of the Tragedy -- </subfield><subfield code="t">Bibliography -- </subfield><subfield code="t">Index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="506" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">restricted access</subfield><subfield code="u">http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec</subfield><subfield code="f">online access with authorization</subfield><subfield code="2">star</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The tumult of the Cultural Revolution after 1966 is often blamed on a few leaders in Beijing, or on long-term egalitarian ideals, or on communist or Chinese political cultures. Lynn White shows, however, that the chaos resulted mainly from reactions by masses of individuals and small groups to three specific policies of administrative manipulation: labeling groups, designating bosses, and legitimating violence in political campaigns. These habits of local organization were common after 1949 and gave the state success in short-term revolutionary aims, despite scarce resources and staff--but they also drove millions to attack each other later.First, measures accumulated before 1966 to give people bad or good names (such as "rightist" or "worker"); these set a family's access to employment, education, residence, and rations--so they gave interests to potential conflict groups. Second, policies for bossism went far beyond Confucian patronage patterns, making work units tightly dependent on Party monitors--so rational individuals either pandered to local bosses or (when they could) deposed them. Third, the institutionalized violence of political campaigns both mobilized activists and scared others into compliance. These organizational measures were often effective in the short run before 1966 but accumulated social costs that China paid later. The book ends with comparisons to past cases of mass urban ostracism in other countries, and it suggests how such tragedies may be forecast or prevented in the future.Originally published in 1989.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. 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