Advances in Assessment and Modeling of Earthquake Loss.
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| Superior document: | Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering Series |
|---|---|
| : | |
| TeilnehmendeR: | |
| Place / Publishing House: | Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2021. ©2021. |
| Year of Publication: | 2021 |
| Edition: | 1st ed. |
| Language: | English |
| Series: | Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering Series
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| Online Access: | |
| Physical Description: | 1 online resource (315 pages) |
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Table of Contents:
- Intro
- Foreword
- Preface
- Contents
- Contributors
- Part I Post-Earthquake Damage Assessment
- 1 Simplified Analytical/Mechanical Procedure for Post-earthquake Safety Evaluation and Loss Assessment of Buildings
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Seismic Risk Reduction Policies
- 1.2.1 The New Zealand Passive Approach-"Before"
- 1.2.2 The New National Plan for Seismic Risk Reduction in New Zealand
- 1.2.3 The New Italian Guidelines 2017 Seismic Risk Classification and Financial Incentives
- 1.3 The SLaMA Analytical-Mechanical Assessment Procedure
- 1.3.1 Selection of Retrofit Strategies and Techniques
- 1.3.2 Quantifications of Impairment-Loss Estimation
- 1.4 Post-Earthquake Residual Capacity of Damaged Buildings
- 1.4.1 Effects of Damage on Future Building Performance
- 1.5 Concluding Remarks
- References
- 2 Damage Assessment in Japan and Potential Use of New Technologies in Damage Assessment
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Rapid Inspection Method in Japan
- 2.3 Damage Classification
- 2.4 Loss Estimation for Earthquake Insurance
- 2.5 The Structural Health Monitoring System
- 2.5.1 Outline of the System
- 2.5.2 Capacity Curve from the Measured Acceleration
- 2.6 Target Building
- 2.7 Response During the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake
- 2.8 Conclusions
- References
- 3 Post-earthquake Demolition in Christchurch, New Zealand: A Case-Study Towards Incorporating Environmental Impacts in Demolition Decisions
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Factors that Influenced Demolition Decisions in Christchurch
- 3.2.1 Quantitative Factors
- 3.2.2 Qualitative Factors
- 3.2.3 Conceptual Demolish/Repair Framework
- 3.3 Quantification of Environmental Impacts of Demolitions
- 3.4 Summary and Conclusions
- References
- 4 Damage Assessment in Italy, and Experiences After Recent Earthquakes on Reparability and Repair Costs
- 4.1 Introduction.
- 4.2 The 2009 L'Aquila Earthquake Experience
- 4.3 The Reconstruction of Residential Building Outside Historical Centers (OHC)
- 4.3.1 Damage and Repair Costs
- 4.3.2 Strengthening Intervention, Structural/Geotechnical Tests and Energy Efficiency Costs
- 4.3.3 Population Assistance: Accommodation Costs
- 4.4 Reconstruction of Residential Buildings Inside Historical Centers (IHC)
- 4.5 Seismic Risk Classification of Constructions in Italy
- 4.6 Conclusions
- References
- 5 The Modified Post-earthquake Damage Assessment Methodology for TCIP (TCIP-DAM-2020)
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 The Revised Version of TCIP Damage Assessment System
- 5.2.1 Building Damage Categories
- 5.2.2 Damage Categories for RC Members
- 5.2.3 Damage Assessment Algorithm
- 5.3 Case Study: Assessment of a Structure Damaged After 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake
- 5.4 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Part II Loss Modelling and Insurance Pricing
- 6 Earthquake Risk Assessment from Insurance Perspective
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Probabilistic Earthquake Risk
- 6.2.1 Fragility Functions
- 6.3 Ground Motion Intensity Measures (IM)
- 6.3.1 Ground Motion Prediction Models
- 6.3.2 Spatial Correlation of Ground Motion
- 6.3.3 Correlation Between IMs at the Same Site
- 6.4 Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA)
- 6.4.1 Monte Carlo Simulation
- 6.4.2 Ground Motion Distribution Maps
- 6.4.3 Risk-Based Earthquake Hazard: Risk-Targeted Hazard Maps for Earthquake Resistant Design
- 6.5 Assets Exposed to Earthquake Hazard, Building Inventories
- 6.6 Fragility, Consequence and Vulnerability Relationships
- 6.7 Metrics Used in Risk Assessment and CAT Modeling
- 6.8 Earthquake Risk Assessment Models and Example Applications
- 6.8.1 Deterministic Earthquake Risk/Loss Calculation
- 6.8.2 Probabilistic Earthquake Risk Calculation.
- 6.8.3 Classical PSHA-Based Earthquake Risk Calculation
- 6.8.4 Effect of the Spatial Correlation of Ground Motion on Earthquake Loss Assessments
- 6.9 Uncertainties in Risk Assessments
- 6.10 Conclusions
- References
- 7 European Exposure and Vulnerability Models: State-of-The-Practice, Challenges and Future Directions
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Exposure Modelling
- 7.2.1 Summary of European Exposure Model
- 7.2.2 Challenges and Future Directions in Exposure Modelling
- 7.3 Vulnerability Modelling
- 7.3.1 Summary of European Vulnerability Model
- 7.3.2 Challenges and Future Directions in Vulnerability Modelling
- 7.4 Concluding Remarks
- References
- 8 Risk Oriented Earthquake Hazard Assessment: Influence of Spatial Discretisation and Non-ergodic Ground-Motion Models
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Correlations Among Intensity Measures
- 8.2.1 Point-Wise Correlations
- 8.2.2 Effects of Spatial Discretization
- 8.3 Impact of the Ergodic Assumption upon Correlation Models
- 8.4 Correlations Between Spectral Ordinates at a Point
- 8.4.1 Spatial Correlations Between Spectral Ordinates
- 8.5 Non-ergodic Risk Analyses for Seismic Sequences
- 8.6 Conclusions
- References
- 9 Seismic Fragility Relationships for Structures
- 9.1 Definition and Importance
- 9.2 Types of Fragility Functions
- 9.3 Framework for Analytical Fragility Derivation
- 9.4 Analytical Fragility Derivation
- 9.4.1 Capacity and Demand Uncertainties
- 9.4.2 Dynamic Analysis Methods
- 9.4.3 Solution Methods
- 9.5 Performance Parameters, Intensity Measures and Applications
- 9.6 Aftershock Fragility Analysis of a Steel Frame (CS#1)
- 9.6.1 Description
- 9.6.2 Methodology
- 9.6.3 Results and Discussion
- 9.7 Seismic Fragility of a RC Building with Corrosion (CS#2)
- 9.7.1 Description
- 9.7.2 Methodology
- 9.7.3 Results and Discussion
- 9.8 Conclusions.
- 9.9 Future Challenges
- References
- 10 Earthquake Physical Risk/Loss Assessment Models and Applications: A Case Study on Content Loss Modeling Conditioned on Building Damage
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Development of Content Fragilities Conditioned on Building Damage
- 10.2.1 Review of Some Benchmark Documents
- 10.2.2 Theoretical Background
- 10.2.3 Case Studies on Developed Content Fragilities
- 10.3 Content Consequence Model
- 10.4 Vulnerability Model and Country-Wide Content AALR
- 10.5 Summary and Conclusions
- References
- 11 Earthquake Catastrophe Risk Modeling, Application to the Insurance Industry: Unknowns and Possible Sources of Bias in Pricing
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Should Earthquake Sequences be Removed from Seismic Hazard and Risk Assessment Models?
- 11.2.1 Fewer Earthquakes Modeled
- 11.2.2 Damage Accumulation
- 11.2.3 Arbitrariness in Declustering and Its Unintended Consequences
- 11.2.4 Including Earthquake Sequences in Seismic Risk Assessment
- 11.3 Why Identical Buildings at Different Locations have Different Vulnerability?
- 11.3.1 Vulnerability Functions based on the Analytical Method
- 11.3.2 Vulnerability Functions for Single Buildings and for Building Portfolios: The Present
- 11.3.3 Vulnerability Functions for Building Portfolios: The Future
- 11.3.4 Final Remarks
- 11.4 Beyond Ergodic Seismic Hazard Estimates and Impact on Risk
- 11.4.1 Partially Non-ergodic GMPEs
- 11.4.2 Effects of Partially Non-ergodic GMPEs on Risk Estimates
- 11.5 Sources of Bias in Pricing of Earthquake Insurance Policies
- 11.6 Conclusions and Recommandations
- References
- Part III Earthquake Insurance for Resilience
- 12 The Role of Earthquake Insurance in Earthquake Risk Reduction and Resilience Building
- 12.1 Resilience and System Theory
- 12.2 Insurance and Resilience
- 12.3 How Does Cat Insurance Work?.
- 12.4 Why Does Insurance Matter in Building Resilience?
- 12.5 The New Dynamic in Cat Risk Financing
- 12.6 TCIP as an Early Experiment
- 12.7 More Innovation in the Market
- 12.7.1 Indonesia: Pooling Fund Untuk Bencana-PFB
- 12.7.2 Philippine: The Philippine City Disaster Insurance Pool (PCDIP)
- 12.8 Conclusions
- References
- 13 Fire Following Earthquake-The Potential in Istanbul
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 Analysis of Fire Following Earthquake
- 13.2.1 Assets at Risk and Ignitions
- 13.2.2 Communications/Water Supply
- 13.2.3 Fire Spread
- 13.3 FFE Risk for Several Cities
- 13.4 FFE Mitigation
- 13.4.1 Fire Station Vulnerability
- 13.4.2 Firefighting Water Capacity
- 13.5 Concluding Remarks
- References
- Index.