Model-Based Engineering of Collaborative Embedded Systems : : Extensions of the SPES Methodology.

• Author: Böhm, Wolfgang.
• TeilnehmendeR: Broy, Manfred.; Klein, Cornel.; Pohl, Klaus.; Rumpe, Bernhard.; Schröck, Sebastian.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2020.; {copy}2021.
• Year of Publication: 2020
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (411 pages)

Table of Contents

• Intro
• Preface
• Table of Contents
• 1 CrESt Use Cases
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Vehicle Platooning
• 1.3 Adaptable and Flexible Factory
• 1.4 Autonomous Transport Robots
• 2 Engineering of Collaborative Embedded Systems
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Background
• 2.3 Collaborating Embedded Systems
• 2.3.1 Collaborative and Collaborating Systems
• 2.3.2 Goals of System Networks
• 2.3.3 Coordination in System Networks
• 2.3.4 Dynamics in System Networks
• 2.3.5 Functions
• 2.4 Problem Dimensions of Collaborative Embedded Systems
• 2.4.1 Challenges Related to Collaboration
• 2.4.2 Challenges Related to Dynamics
• 2.5 Application in the Domains "Cooperative Vehicle Automation" and "Industry 4.0"
• 2.5.1 Challenges in the Application Domain "Cooperative Vehicle Automation"
• Collaboration
• Dynamics
• 2.5.2 Challenges in the Application Domain "Industry 4.0"
• Collaboration
• Dynamics
• 2.6 Concepts and Methods for the Development of Collaborative Embedded Systems
• 2.6.1 Enhancements Regarding SPES2020 and SPES_XT
• 2.6.2 Collaboration
• Goals
• Functions and Behavior
• Architecture and Structure
• Communication
• 2.6.3 Dynamics
• Goals
• Functions and Behavior
• Architecture and Structure
• Context
• Uncertainty
• 2.7 Conclusion
• 2.8 Literature
• 2.9 Appendix
• 3 Architectures for Flexible Collaborative Systems
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Designing Reference Architectures
• 3.2.1 Method for Designing Reference Architectures
• 3.2.2 Application Example: Reference Architecture for Adaptable and Flexible Factories
• 3.3 Reference Architecture for Operator Assistance Systems
• 3.3.1 Simulation-Based Operator Assistance
• 3.3.2 Design Decisions
• 3.3.3 Technical Reference Architecture
• 3.3.4 Workflow of Services and Data Flow
• 3.3.5 Application Example for an Adaptable and Flexible Factory.
• 3.4 Checkable Safety Cases for Architecture Design
• 3.4.1 Checkable Safety Case Models - A Definition
• 3.4.2 Checkable Safety Case Patterns
• 3.4.3 An Example of Checkable Safety Case Patterns
• 3.5 Conclusion
• 3.6 Literature
• 4 Function Modeling for Collaborative Embedded Systems
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Methodological Approach
• 4.3 Background
• 4.4 Metamodel for Functions of CESs and CSGs
• 4.4.1 Systems, CESs, and CSGs
• 4.4.2 Functions
• 4.4.3 Goal Contribution and Fulfillment
• 4.4.4 Roles
• 4.4.5 Context and Adaptivity
• 4.5 Evaluation of the Metamodel
• 4.5.1 Abstraction
• 4.5.2 Relationships between Functions
• 4.5.3 Openness and Dynamicity
• 4.5.4 Goal Contributions
• 4.5.5 Relationships Between Functions and Systems
• 4.5.6 Input/Output Compatibility
• 4.5.7 Runtime Restructuring
• 4.6 Application of the Metamodel
• 4.6.1 Example from the Adaptable and Flexible Factory
• 4.6.2 Modeling of Goals for Transport Robots
• 4.7 Related Work
• 4.8 Conclusion
• 4.9 Literature
• 5 Architectures for Dynamically Coupled Systems
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Specification Modeling of the Behavior of Collaborative System Groups
• 5.3 Modeling CES Functional Architectures
• 5.3.1 Scenario
• 5.3.2 Modelling
• 5.3.3 Analysis
• 5.4 Extraction of Dynamic Architectures
• 5.4.1 Methods
• 5.4.2 Software Product Line Engineering
• 5.4.3 Product-Driven Software Product Line Engineering
• 5.4.4 Family Mining - A Method for Extracting Reference Architectures from Model Variants
• 5.4.5 Summary
• 5.5 Functional Safety Analysis (Online)
• 5.5.1 Functional Testing
• 5.5.2 Communication Errors
• 5.6 Conclusion
• 5.7 Literature
• 6 Modeling and Analyzing Context-Sensitive Changes during Runtime
• 6.1 Introduction and Motivation
• 6.2 Solution Concept
• 6.3 Ontology and Modeling
• 6.3.1 Ontology Building.
• 6.3.2 Capability Modeling
• 6.3.3 Variability Modeling for Context-Sensitive Reconfiguration
• 6.3.4 Scenario-Based Modeling
• 6.4 Model Integration and Execution
• 6.4.1 Model Generation for Simulation Models
• Model Generation via Knowledge Graph
• Application to a Real Production System
• 6.4.2 Capability Matching
• 6.5 Conclusion
• 6.6 Literature
• 7 Handling Uncertainty in Collaborative Embedded Systems Engineering
• 7.1 Uncertainty in Collaborative Embedded Systems
• 7.1.1 Conceptual Ontology for Handling Uncertainty
• 7.1.2 Different Kinds of Uncertainty
• 7.2 Modeling Uncertainty
• 7.2.1 Orthogonal Uncertainty Modeling
• Modeling Concepts and Notation
• Example
• 7.2.2 Modeling Uncertainty in Traffic Scenarios
• Modeling Traffic Scenarios for CSGs
• Behavioral Uncertainty Modeling
• Risk Assessment
• 7.3 Analyzing Uncertainty
• 7.3.1 Identifying Epistemic Uncertainties
• Uncertainty Sources at the Type Level
• Uncertainty Sources at the Instance Level
• EURECA
• 7.3.2 Assessing Data-Driven Uncertainties
• Three Types of Uncertainty Sources
• Managing Uncertainty during Operation
• Uncertainty Wrapper - Architecture and Application
• Uncertainty Wrappers - Limitations and Advantages
• 7.4 Conclusion
• 7.5 Literature
• 8 Dynamic Safety Certification for Collaborative Embedded Systems at Runtime
• 8.1 Introduction and Motivation
• 8.2 Overview of the Proposed Safety Certification Concept
• 8.3 Assuring Runtime Safety Based on Modular Safety Cases
• 8.3.1 Modeling CESs and their Context
• Modeling the Context
• Content Ontology
• Modeling Context in the Adaptable Factory
• 8.3.2 Runtime Uncertainty Handling
• Concept Overview
• Development of a U-Map for the Adaptable Factory
• 8.3.3 Runtime Monitoring of CESs and their Context
• Meta-model SQUADfps
• Case Study Example.
• 8.3.4 Integrated Model-Based Risk Assessment
• 8.3.5 Dynamic Safety Certification
• 8.4 Design and Runtime Contracts
• 8.4.1 Design-Time Approach for Collaborative Systems
• Creating the CSG Specification
• Safety-Relevant Activities
• 8.4.2 Contracts Concept
• 8.4.3 Runtime Evaluation of Safety Contracts
• Simulative Approach for Validation of Safety Contracts
• Case Study: Vehicle Platoon Example
• 8.5 Conclusion
• 8.6 Literature
• 9 Goal-Based Strategy Exploration
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Goal Modeling for Collaborative System Groups
• 9.3 Goal-Based Strategy Development
• 9.4 Goal Operationalization (KPI Development)
• 9.5 Modeling Methodology for Adaptive Systems with MATLAB/Simulink
• 9.6 Collaboration Framework for Goal-Based Strategies
• 9.6.1 Fleet Management in Collaborative Resource Networks
• 9.6.2 Collaboration Framework
• 9.6.3 Collaboration Design in Decentralized Fleet Management
• 9.7 Conclusion
• 9.8 Literature
• 10 Creating Trust in Collaborative Embedded Systems
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Building Trust during Design Time
• Testing framework for CSGs
• Model
• View
• Controller
• 10.3 Building Trust during Runtime
• 10.4 Monitoring Collaborative Embedded Systems
• Runtime Monitoring
• Runtime Monitoring of Collaborative System Groups
• Distributedness:
• Embeddedness:
• Runtime Monitoring of Interaction Protocols
• Monitoring Functional Correctness
• Agreement:
• Existence:
• Maximum:
• Monitoring Correct Timing Behavior
• U
• Ut
• 10.5 Conclusion
• 10.6 Literature
• 11 Language Engineering for Heterogeneous Collaborative Embedded Systems
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 MontiCore
• 11.3 Language Components
• 11.4 Language Component Composition
• 11.5 Language Product Lines
• 11.6 Conclusion
• 11.7 Literature.
• 12 Development and Evaluation of Collaborative Embedded Systems using Simulation
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.1.1 Motivation
• 12.1.2 Benefits of Using Simulation
• 12.2 Challenges in Simulating Collaborative Embedded Systems
• 12.2.1 Design Time Challenges
• 12.2.2 Runtime Challenges
• 12.3 Simulation Methods
• 12.4 Application
• 12.5 Conclusion
• 12.6 Literature
• 13 Tool Support for CoSimulation-Based Analysis
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 Interaction of Different Simulations
• 13.3 General Tool Architecture
• 13.4 Implementing Interoperability for Co-Simulation
• 13.5 Distributed Co-Simulation
• 13.6 Analysis of Simulation Results
• 13.7 Conclusion
• 13.8 Literature
• 14 Supporting the Creation of Digital Twins for CESs
• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2.1 Demonstration
• Automotive Smart Ecosystems
• Smart Grids
• 14.2 Building Trust through Digital Twin Evaluation
• 14.3 Conclusion
• 14.4 Literature
• 15 Online Experiment-Driven Learning and Adaptation
• 15.1 Introduction
• 15.2 A Self-Optimization Approach for CESs
• 15.3 Illustration on CrowdNav
• 15.4 Conclusion
• 15.5 Literature
• 16 Compositional Verification using Model Checking and Theorem Proving
• 16.1 Introduction
• 16.2 Approach
• 16.3 Example
• 16.3.1 Specification
• 16.3.2 Verification
• 16.4 Conclusion
• 16.5 Literature
• 17 Artifact-Based Analysis for the Development of Collaborative Embedded Systems
• 17.1 Introduction
• 17.2 Foundations
• UML/P
• Class Diagrams in UML/P
• Object Diagrams in UML/P
• OCL
• 17.3 Artifact-Based Analysis
• Artifact Model Creation
• Specification of Artifact Data Analysis
• Artifact-Based Analyses
• 17.4 Artifact Model for Systems Engineering Projects with Doors NG and Enterprise Architect
• 17.4.1 Artifact Modeling of Doors NG and Enterprise Architect.
• 17.4.2 Static Extractor for Doors NG and Enterprise Architect Exports.