Marginality : : Addressing the Nexus of Poverty, Exclusion and Ecology.

• Author: von Braun, Joachim.
• TeilnehmendeR: Gatzweiler, Franz W.
• Place / Publishing House: Dordrecht : : Springer Netherlands,, 2013.; ©2014.
• Year of Publication: 2013
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (388 pages)

This book focuses on marginality - chronic deprivation of resources, freedom of choice and opportunity - as a root of poverty and deprivation. Offers new insight into local, national and global causes of poverty, and explores promising actions to address it.

Table of Contents

• Intro
• Foreword on "Marginality and Development"
• Acknowledgements
• Contents
• Contributors
• Chapter 1: Marginality-An Overview and Implications for Policy
• 1.1 Why Focus on Marginality?
• 1.2 The Concept of Marginality
• 1.2.1 Definition of Marginality
• 1.2.2 Marginality and Poverty
• 1.3 Dimensions and Prevalence of Marginality
• 1.3.1 Disaggregated Global Views
• 1.3.2 Detailed Looks at Marginality: Locations and Socio- cultural Contexts
• 1.4 Environmental Drivers of Marginality
• 1.5 Experiencing Marginality in Africa and Asia
• 1.6 Responses to Marginality at Different Levels: State, Business, and Community
• 1.6.1 Key Roles of Government and Civil Society
• 1.6.2 Potential for Business
• 1.6.3 Attention to Diverse Local Contexts
• 1.7 Conclusions
• 1.7.1 Focus on Marginalized People
• 1.7.2 Changing Marginal and Marginality Creating Environments
• 1.7.3 Need for Multi-dimensional Policies and Programs
• 1.7.4 What to Expect from the Marginality Framework
• References
• Part I: Concepts and Theory
• Chapter 2: Marginality-A Framework for Analyzing Causal Complexities of Poverty
• 2.1 Towards the Development of a Concept
• 2.2 Definition and Delineation of Marginality
• 2.3 Components of the Conceptual Framework
• 2.4 Conclusions
• References
• Chapter 3: Exclusion and Initiatives to 'Include': Revisiting Basic Economics to Guide Development Practice
• 3.1 Introduction 1
• 3.2 Conceptual Issues
• 3.2.1 Exclusion is Not Insurmountable: Rationale for the Undertaking
• 3.2.2 Fragmented Perspective: Reflections on Trends in Knowledge Domain
• 3.2.3 Taking a Step Back-A Note on Core Economic Principles
• 3.2.4 Exchanges, Markets, Contracts, and Goods and Services
• 3.3 Contracts, Goods and Services, and Exclusion
• 3.4 Types of Exclusion: Illustration with Service Demand and Supply.
• 3.4.1 General Setting
• 3.4.2 Types of Exclusion
• 3.4.3 Ways to Reduce Exclusion
• 3.5 Exclusion and Segmentation
• 3.6 Concluding Observation
• References
• Chapter 4: Marginality from a Socio-ecological Perspective
• 4.1 Marginality in Ecology
• 4.2 Socio-ecological Systems and Marginality
• 4.3 Addressing Marginality in Socio-ecological Systems via Resilience and Adaptability
• 4.4 Outlook
• References
• Part II: Dimensions and Prevalence of Marginality
• Chapter 5: Mapping Marginality Hotspots
• 5.1 Why Do We Map Marginality?
• 5.2 Marginality Hotspots
• 5.2.1 Finding Proxies for Marginality Indicators on a Global Scale
• 5.2.1.1 Economic Dimension
• 5.2.1.2 Demography and Quality of Life Dimension
• 5.2.1.3 Landscape Design and Infrastructure Dimension
• 5.2.1.4 Ecological Dimension
• 5.2.1.5 Public Domain Dimension
• 5.2.2 The Marginality Hotspots
• 5.3 Poverty and Marginality Hotspots-Where Do They Overlap?
• 5.4 Limitations and Outlook
• References
• Chapter 6: The Poorest: Who and Where They Are?
• 6.1 Where Do the Poor Live?
• 6.2 Looking Beneath the US1.25/day Line: Subjacent and Ultra-poverty
• 6.3 Ranking Countries by Concentration of Poor
• 6.4 Who Are the Poor?
• 6.4.1 Spending on Food, Fuel, Housing, and Health Care
• 6.4.1.1 Remoteness
• 6.4.1.2 Education
• 6.4.1.3 Landlessness in Rural Areas
• 6.4.1.4 Excluded Groups
• 6.4.1.5 Women
• 6.5 Conclusion
• Appendix: Subjacent and Ultra-poverty Decomposition Analysis
• References
• Chapter 7: Targeting the Poorest and Most Vulnerable: Examples from Bangladesh
• 7.1 Introduction: Why Targeting?
• 7.2 Geographic Targeting
• 7.3 Mapping of the Poorest and Most Vulnerable
• 7.4 Utilization of Poverty Maps for Prioritizing Areas for Social Safety Nets.
• 7.5 Geographic Targeting: Prioritizing Assistance Areas for the School Feeding, Community Nutrition, and Disaster Risk Reduction Programs
• 7.5.1 Resource Allocation for National Safety Net Programs Guided by Poverty Estimations
• 7.5.2 Advantages and Limitations of Geographic Targeting
• 7.6 Beneficiary Targeting: Identification of the Poorest and Most Vulnerable in the WFP Safety Net Programs
• 7.6.1 Criteria Used to Target the Poorest and Most Vulnerable
• 7.6.2 Beneficiary Selection Process
• 7.6.3 Limitations and Challenges in Targeting the Poorest and Most Vulnerable
• 7.7 Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 8: Correlates of Extreme Poverty in Rural Ethiopia
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Marginality: Conceptual Issues
• 8.3 Data and Empirical Approach
• 8.3.1 Data and Geographic Context
• 8.3.2 Empirical Approach
• 8.4 Descriptive Assessment of Poverty Situation
• 8.4.1 Consumption Expenditures and Dietary Calorie Intake
• 8.4.2 Health and Medical Services
• 8.4.3 Educational Status
• 8.4.4 Probit Estimation Results and Discussion
• 8.5 Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 9: Examining the Circle of Attachment Trauma, Shame, and Marginalization: The Unheard Voices of Young Kutchi Girls
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Attachment: The Concept and Its Social Application
• 9.3 Insights on Attachment Trauma, Shame, and Poverty: A Discourse Analysis of Interviews with Young Girls in Kutch
• 9.3.1 Methods
• 9.3.2 The Child Attachment Interview: The Tool
• 9.3.3 Sample Characteristics
• 9.4 Analysis of the Attachment Interview Material
• 9.5 Discussion: Explorations into the Aporias and Absences, Re-examining Subjectivities
• 9.5.1 Particular Quality to the Narratives of Absence
• 9.5.1.1 Embalming of Absence and Invisibility
• 9.5.1.2 Daunting Presence of Dismissive Defensive Strategy.
• 9.5.2 Is Inhibition a Symptom or Different from a Symptom?
• 9.5.3 Domesticity and Docility-(En)gendered Identifications
• 9.6 Intergenerational Import and Transmission of Attachment, Trauma and Poverty
• 9.7 Post Disaster Adversities: A Coda
• References
• Part III: Environmental Drivers of Marginality
• Chapter 10: Poverty, Agriculture and the Environment: The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Poverty and Marginal Environments in Sub-Saharan Africa
• 10.2.1 Poverty and Marginality
• 10.2.2 Agriculture Is an Engine of Growth and Poverty Reduction
• 10.3 Agricultural Development Strategies in Marginal Areas
• 10.3.1 Agriculture-Environment Interactions in Marginal Areas
• 10.4 Agricultural Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa: Towards a 'Green Revolution 2.0'
• 10.4.1 Substantial Yield Gaps Remain
• 10.4.2 Technology Priorities
• 10.4.3 Policy and Institutional Priorities
• 10.4.4 Technology and Policy Priorities for Sustainable Intensification
• 10.5 Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 11: The Marginal Poor and Their Dependence on Ecosystem Services: Evidence from South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Why Is It Important to Address the Marginal Poor to Achieve Poverty Alleviation?
• 11.2.1 Vulnerability and Insecurity
• 11.3 Links Between Ecosystem Services and Poverty
• 11.4 Global Evidence
• 11.4.1 Evidence from South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa
• 11.4.2 Evidence from South Asia
• 11.4.3 Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa
• 11.5 Conclusions and Lessons Learned
• References
• Chapter 12: Land Degradation, Poverty and Marginality
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Conceptual Framework
• 12.2.1 The Dynamic Nature of LD
• 12.3 Global Indicators of LD
• 12.4 The Links Between Poverty and LD
• 12.5 Case Studies
• 12.5.1 Niger
• 12.5.2 India
• 12.6 Conclusion
• References.
• Part IV: Experiencing Marginality in Africa and Asia
• Chapter 13: Tackling Social Exclusion and Marginality for Poverty Reduction: Indian Experiences
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 Some Insights from Literature on Poverty, Social Exclusion, and Growth
• 13.2.1 Growth, Inequality, and Poverty Linkages
• 13.2.2 Pro-poor Growth
• 13.2.3 Social Exclusion and Persistent Poverty
• 13.3 Poverty Changes in India by Socio-religious Groups 1983-2005
• 13.3.1 Socio-religious Groups
• 13.3.2 Livelihood Categories and Socio-religious Groups
• 13.3.3 Changes in Income-Monthly Per Capita Expenditures as a Proxy Variable
• 13.3.4 Changes in Poverty, Income, and the Elasticity of Poverty Reduction
• 13.3.5 Livelihood by Socio-religious Groups
• 13.3.5.1 Rural Self-Employed Households
• 13.3.5.2 Rural Wage-Labor Households
• 13.3.5.3 Socio-religious Groups
• 13.4 Urban Poverty
• 13.4.1 Changes in Poverty by Social Groups
• 13.5 Implications for Socially Inclusive Policy
• 13.5.1 Improving Pro-poor Performance of Agricultural and Non-agricultural Growth
• 13.5.1.1 Agricultural Livelihoods
• 13.5.1.2 Rural Non-agricultural Livelihoods
• 13.5.2 Group-Specific Policy Measures
• 13.5.3 Urban Development
• References
• Chapter 14: Consumption Behavior of the Poorest and Policy Implications in Indonesia
• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2 Characteristics of the Poorest
• 14.2.1 To Eat: Spending on Food
• 14.2.2 Where Do the Poorest Live?
• 14.2.3 Education
• 14.2.4 Social Networks: Participation in Community Activities
• 14.3 The Responsiveness of the Poorest Households to Income and Price Changes
• 14.4 The Poorest and the Food Subsidy Program
• 14.5 Conclusion
• References
• Chapter 15: Addressing Extreme Poverty and Marginality: Experiences in Rural China
• 15.1 Introduction
• 15.2 From Poverty Reduction Programs to Social Protection System.
• 15.3 Coordination Among Di Bao, Public Services, and Social Insurance Policies: Institutional Innovations in Developed Areas.