Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants.

Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants.

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Bibliographic Details
:
Sawada, Hitoshi.
TeilnehmendeR:
Inoue, Naokazu.
Iwano, Megumi.
Place / Publishing House:Tokyo : : Springer Japan,, 2014.
©2014.
Year of Publication:2014
Edition:1st ed.
Language:English
Online Access:
Physical Description:1 online resource (463 pages)
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Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Preface
  • International Symposium on the Mechanisms of Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants [Joint Meeting of the 2nd Allo-authentication Meeting and 5th Egg-Coat Meeting (MCBEEC)], November 12-16, 2012, Nagoya Garden Palace, Nagoya, Japan
  • First Row (From Left to Right)
  • Second Row
  • Third Row
  • Fourth Row
  • Fifth Row
  • Sixth Row
  • Contents
  • Part I: Sperm Attraction, Activation, and Acrosome Reaction
  • Chapter 1: Sperm Chemotaxis: The First Authentication Events Between Conspecific Gametes Before Fertilization
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Chemical Nature of Sperm Chemoattractants
  • 1.3 Ca 2+ Changes Mediate Sperm Chemotaxis
  • 1.4 Specificity of Sperm Chemotaxis in Species Other Than Ascidians
  • 1.5 Species Specificity of Sperm Chemotaxis in Ascidians
  • 1.6 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 2: Respiratory CO 2 Mediates Sperm Chemotaxis in Squids
  • 2.1 Results
  • 2.1.1 Sperm from Sneaker Males Swarm in Response to Respiratory CO 2 Emission
  • 2.1.2 Flagellar Membrane-Localized Carbonic Anhydrase Serves as a Primary CO 2 Sensor
  • 2.1.3 An Extracellular Proton Gradient Establishes and Maintains Swarming
  • 2.1.4 A Return from Intracellular Acidosis Evokes Calcium- Dependent Motor Responses for Turn/Tumbling
  • 2.2 Discussion
  • 2.3 Perspectives
  • References
  • Chapter 3: Specific Mechanism of Sperm Storage in Avian Oviducts
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Sperm Release from the SST Is a Regulated Event in Birds
  • 3.3 Sperm Maintenance in the SST
  • 3.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 4: Allurin: Exploring the Activity of a Frog Sperm Chemoattractant in Mammals
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Characterization of Allurin as a Frog Sperm Chemoattractant
  • 4.3 Allurin Is a Chemoattractant for Mammalian Sperm
  • 4.4 The Future of Crisp Protein Relationships in Reproduction
  • 4.5 Conclusion
  • References.
  • Chapter 5: Structure, Function, and Phylogenetic Consideration of Calaxin
  • 5.1 Ca 2+ and Flagellar Motility
  • 5.2 Finding Calaxin
  • 5.3 Mechanism of Calaxin-Mediated Modulation of Flagellar Movements During Sperm Chemotaxis
  • 5.4 A Phylogenetic Consideration of Calaxin
  • 5.5 Perspectives
  • References
  • Chapter 6: Cl − Channels and Transporters in Sperm Physiology
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Maturation During Epididymal Transit
  • 6.3 Motility
  • 6.4 Capacitation
  • 6.4.1 Membrane Potential Changes During Sperm Capacitation
  • 6.5 The Acrosome Reaction
  • 6.6 Cl − Channels and Transporters Linked to Sperm Physiology
  • 6.6.1 CFTR Channels
  • 6.6.2 GABA and Glycine Receptors
  • 6.6.3 Ca 2+ -Activated Cl − Channels (CaCCs)
  • 6.6.4 Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels (VDACs)
  • 6.6.5 Secondary Active Cl − Transporters
  • 6.6.6 Cl − /HCO 3 − Exchangers
  • 6.7 Final Remarks
  • References
  • Chapter 7: Equatorin-Related Subcellular and Molecular Events During Sperm Priming for Fertilization in Mice
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Equatorin and Its Chemical Nature
  • 7.3 Expression and Molecular Size of Equatorin in the Testis
  • 7.4 Localization of Equatorin in Mature Spermatozoa
  • 7.5 Behavior of Equatorin During the Acrosome Reaction
  • 7.5.1 Before and the Very Initial Stage of the Acrosome Reaction
  • 7.5.2 Early to Middle Stages of the Acrosome Reaction
  • 7.5.3 Advanced Stage and After the Acrosome Reaction
  • 7.6 Possible Roles of Equatorin
  • 7.7 Perspective
  • References
  • Chapter 8: Acrosome Reaction-Mediated Motility Initiation That Is Critical for the Internal Fertilization of Urodele Amphibians
  • 8.1 Diversity of Reproductive Modes in Amphibians
  • 8.2 The Jelly Layer of Amphibian Eggs
  • 8.3 Acrosome Reaction-Mediated Motility Initiation
  • 8.4 SMIS Activity in the Amphibian Jelly Layer
  • 8.5 Perspective
  • References.
  • Chapter 9: Analysis of the Mechanism That Brings Protein Disulfide Isomerase-P5 to Inhibit Oxidative Refolding of Lysozyme
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Materials and Methods
  • 9.2.1 Expression and Purification of PDI-P5 Variants
  • 9.2.2 Insulin Turbidity and Lysozyme Refolding Assays
  • 9.2.3 Western Blotting
  • 9.3 Results
  • 9.3.1 Reductive Activity of a′ Domain
  • 9.3.2 Chaperone Activities of the P5 Mutants
  • 9.3.3 Detection of Lysozyme Aggregates by Western Blotting
  • 9.4 Discussion
  • 9.4.1 Collaborative Isomerization by Two Active Domains
  • 9.4.2 Importance of Thioredoxin Domain Order
  • 9.5 Conclusion
  • References
  • Part II: Gametogenesis, Gamete Recognition, Activation, and Evolution
  • Chapter 10: Effect of Relaxin-Like Gonad-Stimulating Substance on Gamete Shedding and 1-Methyladenine Production in Starfish Ovaries
  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 Effect of GSS on Spawning in Ovarian Fragments
  • 10.3 Effect of GSS on 1-MeAde Production
  • 10.4 Effect of Egg Jelly on GSS-Induced 1-MeAde Production
  • 10.5 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 11: Incapacity of 1-Methyladenine Production to Relaxin-Like Gonad-Stimulating Substance in Ca 2+ -Free Seawater-Treated Starfish Ovarian Follicle Cells
  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.2 Irreversible Incapacity of 1-MeAde Production in CaFSW-Treated Follicle Cells
  • 11.3 Signal Transduction for GSS in CaFSW-Treated Follicle Cells
  • 11.4 Cell Extracts from Follicle Cells Treated with CaFSW
  • 11.5 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 12: Novel Isoform of Vitellogenin Expressed in Eggs Is a Binding Partner of the Sperm Proteases, HrProacrosin and HrSpermosin, in the Ascidian Halocynthia roretzi
  • 12.1 Vitellogenin Is a Binding Partner of Sperm Proteases
  • 12.2 Novel Isoforms of Vitellogenin are Expressed in the Gonad
  • 12.3 Localization of Vitellogenin in Immature Oocytes.
  • 12.4 Localization of Vitellogenin in Mature Eggs
  • 12.5 Future Perspective
  • References
  • Chapter 13: Actin Cytoskeleton and Fertilization in Starfish Eggs
  • 13.1 Introduction
  • 13.2 Cytoplasmic Changes During Meiotic Maturation of Oocytes
  • 13.2.1 Morphological Transition
  • 13.2.2 Signaling Pathways to Meiotic Maturation
  • 13.2.3 Intracellular Ca 2+ Increase During Meiotic Maturation
  • 13.2.4 Sensitization of the Ca 2+ -Releasing Mechanisms
  • 13.2.5 Changes of the Electrical Property of the Plasma Membrane During Meiotic Maturation
  • 13.3 Signals of Fertilization and Egg Activation
  • 13.3.1 Generation and Propagation of the Intracellular Ca 2+  Wave
  • 13.3.2 Morphological Changes of the Egg Cortex During Fertilization
  • 13.3.3 Changes of the Electrical Property of the Plasma Membrane at Fertilization during Meiotic Maturation
  • 13.4 Block to Polyspermy
  • 13.5 Meiotic Stages of Oocytes and Polyspermy
  • 13.6 Role of the Actin Cytoskeleton
  • 13.7 Concluding Remarks
  • References
  • Chapter 14: Focused Proteomics on Egg Membrane Microdomains to Elucidate the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Fertilization in the African Clawed Frog Xenopus laevis
  • 14.1 Src PTK Signaling and Fertilization
  • 14.2 Characterization of Src as a Mediator of Gamete Interaction and Egg Activation
  • 14.3 Focused Proteomics on Xenopus Egg MDs: Achievements and Problems
  • 14.3.1 Rationale to Study MDs for Exploring the Mechanism of Fertilization
  • 14.3.2 Xenopus Egg MDs Projects: Achievements and Problems
  • 14.3.2.1 Discovery of Egg MDs as an Important Resource for Fertilization Study
  • 14.3.2.2 Characterization of UPIII as a Novel Component of Fertilization
  • 14.3.2.3 In Vitro Reconstitution of Fertilization Signaling by Isolated MDs
  • 14.3.3 Ongoing Approaches to Explore the Physiological Functions of MDs.
  • 14.3.3.1 Evaluation of UPIII and MDs Functions in Immature Oocytes
  • 14.3.3.2 Gain- and Loss-of-Function Experiments on xSrc and UPIII
  • 14.3.3.3 Unbiased Approaches to Identify and Characterize Novel Components
  • 14.3.3.4 Analysis of Signaling Cross-Talk Between MDs and Sperm or Egg Cytoplasm
  • 14.3.3.5 Analysis of Signaling Cross-Talk Between MDs and Egg Mitochondria
  • 14.4 Summary and Perspectives
  • References
  • Chapter 15: Egg Activation in Polyspermy: Its Molecular Mechanisms and Evolution in Vertebrates
  • 15.1 Introduction
  • 15.2 Egg Activation at Physiologically Polyspermic Fertilization
  • 15.3 The Signaling Mechanism of [Ca 2+ ] i Increase Induced by the Fertilizing Sperm
  • 15.4 Evolution of a Sperm Factor in Vertebrate Fertilization
  • 15.5 Perspective
  • References
  • Chapter 16: ATP Imaging in Xenopus laevis Oocytes
  • 16.1 Introduction
  • 16.2 Methodology
  • 16.2.1 Purification of ATeam Protein
  • 16.2.2 Preparation of the Translucent Xenopus Oocytes
  • 16.2.3 Observation Under Microscopy and Image Analysis
  • 16.3 Injected ATeam Protein Works in Xenopus Oocytes
  • 16.4 Conclusions and Future Directions
  • References
  • Chapter 17: Mitochondrial Activation and Nitric Oxide (NO) Release at Fertilization in Echinoderm Eggs
  • 17.1 Introduction
  • 17.2 Materials and Methods
  • 17.2.1 Gametes
  • 17.2.2 Measurements of ΔΨ m, ΔNO, and [Ca 2+ ] i
  • 17.2.3 Experimental Procedure on the Microscopes
  • 17.3 Results and Discussion
  • 17.3.1 Mitochondrial Activation (Inner-Membrane Hyperpolarization) at Fertilization
  • 17.3.2 Inhibition of Mitochondrial Activation (ΔΨ m) by CN - or FCCP
  • 17.3.3 Timing of ΔΨ m and ΔNO
  • 17.3.4 [Ca 2+ ] i Dependency of ΔΨ m
  • 17.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 18: Functional Roles of spe Genes in the Male Germline During Reproduction of  Caenorhabditis elegans.
  • 18.1 Overview of Caenorhabditis elegans Reproduction.

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