Science of Societal Safety : : Living at Times of Risks and Disasters.

• Superior document: Trust Series ; v.2
• Author: Abe, Seiji.
• TeilnehmendeR: Ozawa, Mamoru.; Kawata, Yoshiaki.
• Place / Publishing House: Singapore : : Springer,, 2018.; ©2019.
• Year of Publication: 2018
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Series: Trust Series
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (228 pages)

Table of Contents

• Intro
• Preface
• Contents
• Contributors
• Abbreviations
• Part I: Human Societies and Societal Safety Sciences
• Chapter 1: What Do Societal Safety Sciences Aim at?
• 1.1 Is the Unexpected and the Unpredictable on the Steady Increase in the Twenty-First Century?
• 1.1.1 Unexpected Accidents
• 1.1.2 Unexpected Accidents and Societal Safety
• 1.2 Alleviating and Living with Disasters?
• 1.2.1 Purpose of Societal Safety Sciences
• 1.2.2 Hazards, Incidents, Accidents, and Disasters
• 1.2.3 Reducing and Coping with Risks?
• 1.3 Building Safe and Secure Society Together
• 1.3.1 Events That Threaten Human and Examining Them
• 1.3.2 Societal Safety Sciences as a Field of Synthetic Science
• 1.3.3 Methodologies and Problems with Societal Safety Sciences
• References
• Chapter 2: Advancement in Science and Technology and Human Societies
• 2.1 Advancement in Science and Technology and Changes in Human Societies
• 2.1.1 Human History and Transition of Population
• 2.1.2 Background of Population Increase During Early Stages of Industrial Revolution and Its Historical Meaning
• 2.1.3 Problems We Face in the Modern Society
• 2.2 Birth of Megacities and High-Speed Mass Transportation
• 2.2.1 Modern Societies and Megacities
• 2.2.2 Transportation Systems That Support Modern Societies
• 2.2.3 Disasters and Vulnerability of Megacities
• 2.3 ICT, AI, and the Modern Society
• 2.3.1 Development of ICT and Highly Advanced Information Society
• 2.3.2 Information Security in the Information Society
• 2.3.3 AI and Safety and Security in Human Society
• References
• Chapter 3: Contemporary Societies and Risk
• 3.1 How People Cope with Risks in Contemporary Societies
• 3.1.1 Risk Perception by Human
• 3.1.2 Significance of Risk Perception for Resolving Social Problems
• 3.1.3 Contemporary Societies and Mass Media.
• 3.2 Evaluation and Measures Against Risks in Contemporary Societies
• 3.2.1 Purpose of Risk Evaluation
• 3.2.2 Understanding Disasters
• 3.2.3 Difference in Evaluations of Natural and Social Disaster Risks
• 3.2.4 Discussion on Global Risk
• References
• Chapter 4: Modern Societies and Establishment of Scholarship
• 4.1 Human Societies and the Start of Scholarship
• 4.1.1 Origin of Scholarship
• 4.1.2 Decline of Scholarship in the West and Its Development in the Arabic Regions
• 4.1.3 Birth of Universities and the Twelfth-Century Renaissance
• 4.2 Birth of Modern Science
• 4.2.1 Pioneers of Modern Science
• 4.2.2 Birth of Academic Societies and Specialized Fields
• 4.3 Advancement of Scholarship and Specialization
• 4.4 Births of Safety Engineering, Disaster Science, and Risk Analysis
• References
• Part II: Events That Threaten Human and Its Societies
• Chapter 5: Human, Nature, and Artificial Products
• 5.1 Environment That Surrounds Human and Societies
• 5.2 Hazards in Natural and Social Environments
• 5.3 Development of Hazards into Accidents and Disasters
• 5.4 Risks for Evaluating Accidents and Disasters
• 5.5 Problems That Are Common to Accidents and Disasters
• References
• Chapter 6: Natural Disasters
• 6.1 History of Natural Disasters in the Japanese Islands
• 6.1.1 Disaster Environments of Japan
• 6.1.2 Natural Disasters Up to the Mid-eighteenth Century (End of Edo Era)
• 6.1.3 Natural Disasters in the Mid-eighteenth Century (Meiji Era) and After
• 6.1.4 Changes in Disasters Caused by Changes in Social Environment
• 6.2 Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions
• 6.2.1 Mechanisms of Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions
• 6.2.2 Earthquake Disasters and Their Transition
• 6.2.3 Predicting and Countering Earthquake Damages
• 6.2.4 Volcanic Eruptions and Their Transition.
• 6.2.5 Predicting and Countering Volcanic Eruptions
• 6.3 Ground and Sediment Disasters
• 6.3.1 Types of Ground Disasters and Mechanisms of Their Occurrences
• 6.3.2 Types of Sediment Disasters and Mechanisms of Their Occurrences
• 6.3.3 Ground and Sediment Disasters
• 6.3.4 Preparations for Preventing Ground and Sediment Disasters, Measurement, and Monitoring
• 6.4 Hydrosphere Disasters
• 6.4.1 Mechanisms
• 6.4.2 Scenes of Damages
• 6.4.3 Damage Mitigation
• References
• Chapter 7: Social Disasters and Damages
• 7.1 Social Disasters and Damages
• 7.1.1 Accidents with Infrastructures
• 7.1.2 Accidents with Industrial Products
• 7.1.3 Automobile Accidents
• 7.1.4 Drug Toxicity and Safety in Medical Care
• 7.2 Human Errors and Accidents
• 7.2.1 Hazardous Human Errors
• 7.2.2 Human Errors and Accidents
• 7.2.3 Human Errors and Accident Prevention
• 7.3 History of Major Social Disasters and Their Countermeasures
• 7.3.1 History of Social Disasters and Accidents
• 7.3.2 Overview at Major Measures Against Social Disaster
• References
• Chapter 8: Environmental Risks
• 8.1 Change in Biological System and Risk of Infection
• 8.1.1 Accidents with Infrastructures
• 8.1.1.1 Spread of Plague in Medieval Europe
• 8.1.1.2 Dengue Fever Front Moving North with Warming and Increased Risk of Infection
• 8.1.2 Changes in Lifestyle and Risks of Infection
• 8.1.2.1 Worldwide Spread of Cholera in the Nineteenth Century
• 8.1.2.2 Once a National Disease for Japan, Tuberculosis
• 8.1.2.3 HIV/AIDS Continues to Spread
• 8.1.3 Risks of Pandemic with Infection to New Influenza and Alike
• 8.2 Risks of Climate Changes and Their Countermeasures
• 8.2.1 Risk of Climate Changes
• 8.2.2 International Actions Toward Climate Change Risks
• 8.3 Environmental Risks and Their Countermeasures
• 8.3.1 Environmental Risks of Chemical Substances.
• 8.3.2 Higher Concerns over Environmental Risks and Changes in Countermeasures
• 8.3.3 Managing Environmental Risks
• 8.3.4 Problems in Environmental Risk Management of Chemical Substances
• References
• Chapter 9: War, Crimes, and Terrorism
• 9.1 War, Crimes, Terrorism, and Societal Safety Sciences
• 9.2 War, Its Damages and Causes
• 9.3 Damages from Crimes
• 9.3.1 World Comparison of Crimes
• 9.3.2 Trend of Crimes in Japan
• 9.4 Terrorism
• 9.4.1 Trend of Terrorism
• 9.4.2 Changes with Terrorism
• 9.4.3 Measures for Terrorism Prevention: Case of the United Kingdom
• 9.4.4 Current State of Terrorism Prevention in Japan and Problems
• References
• Part III: Risk Analysis and Management
• Chapter 10: Methods in Risk Analysis
• 10.1 Evaluation and Probabilities of Risks
• 10.2 Analysis and Forecast Models of Risks
• 10.3 Decision-Making for Risk Minimization
• Chapter 11: Risk Management
• 11.1 What Is Risk Management?
• 11.1.1 Nature of Risk Management
• 11.1.2 Concept of Risk
• 11.1.3 Elements of Risk
• 11.1.4 Process of Risk Management
• 11.1.5 Establishing the Context
• 11.2 Risk Assessment
• 11.2.1 Risk Assessment
• 11.2.2 Risk Identification
• 11.2.3 Risk Analysis and Evaluation
• 11.3 Risk Treatment
• 11.4 Executing Risk Management
• 11.4.1 Communication: Sharing Understanding about Risk Treatment
• 11.4.2 Coordination: Organizational Structure of Risk Management
• References
• Chapter 12: Risk Communication and Disaster Information
• 12.1 Risk Communication
• 12.1.1 What Is Risk Communication?
• 12.1.2 What Information to Provide with Risk Communication
• 12.1.3 Roles of the Sender and Receiver of Risk Communication
• 12.1.4 Risk Communication of Societal Risk and Personal Risk
• 12.2 Disaster Information
• 12.2.1 Importance of Disaster Information
• 12.2.2 Transferring Emergency Information.
• 12.2.3 Transferring Reconstruction Information
• 12.2.4 Information for Awareness and Promotion
• 12.3 Disaster Education
• 12.3.1 Transition of Concept of Learning and Disaster Education in Need
• 12.3.2 Disaster Education as an Opportunity for Mutual Communication
• 12.3.3 Importance of Sharing the Meaning of Disaster Management
• References
• Chapter 13: Crisis Management
• 13.1 What Is Crisis Management?
• 13.1.1 Meaning of Crisis
• 13.1.2 Significance of Crisis Management
• 13.1.3 Relation Between Risk Management and Crisis Management
• 13.1.4 Finkś Crisis Management Theory
• 13.2 Crisis Management of the Administration
• 13.2.1 Origin of Crisis Management: Cuban Missile Crisis
• 13.2.2 Crisis Management by the Japanese Government
• 13.2.3 USA that Learned Its Lesson: Summary of Disaster Crisis Management
• 13.3 Crisis Management of Corporations
• References
• Part IV: Social Mechanisms for Disaster Management
• Chapter 14: Public Systems for Disaster Management
• 14.1 Societal Safety and Legal System
• 14.1.1 What Is Law? System of Law
• 14.1.2 Corporations and Societal Safety
• 14.1.3 Central and Local Governments and Societal Safety
• 14.2 Administrative System and Societal Safety
• 14.2.1 Concept of Nation and Societal Safety: Watchman State and Welfare State
• 14.2.2 Societal Safety and Administrative Offices
• 14.2.2.1 Police and Administration
• 14.2.2.2 Self-Defense and Administration
• 14.2.2.3 Natural Disasters and Administration in Japan
• 14.2.2.4 Advancement of Scientific Technology and Administration
• 14.2.2.5 Health Maintenance and Administration in Japan
• 14.2.2.6 Traffic and Administration
• 14.2.2.7 Consumers and Administration
• 14.3 Standardization and Standards
• 14.3.1 Value and Convenience of Standardization
• 14.3.1.1 What Is Standardization?.
• 14.3.1.2 Value of Standardization and Problems.