Simulation and Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines.

• Author: Han, Zhiyu.
• Place / Publishing House: Warrendale : : SAE International,, 2021.; ©2021.
• Year of Publication: 2021
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (372 pages)

Table of Contents

• Cover
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Abbreviations
• Nomenclature
• Superscript
• Subscript
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Recent Progress and Outlook of Automotive Engines
• 1.1.1 Achievement in Engine Performance and Emissions
• 1.1.2 Future Development of IC Engines
• 1.2 Roles of Multidimensional Engine Simulation
• References
• 2 Combustion Basis of Internal Combustion Engines
• 2.1 Thermodynamic Analysis
• 2.2 Mixture Formation and Combustion in Spark-Ignition Gasoline Engines
• 2.3 Combustion in Diesel Engines
• 2.4 Advanced Concepts of Low-Temperature Combustion
• References
• 3 Mathematical Description of Reactive Flow with Sprays
• 3.1 Governing and Spray Equations
• 3.1.1 Governing Equations of Gas Phase
• 3.1.2 Spray Equation
• 3.2 Numerical Methods
• 3.2.1 The KIVA Code
• 3.2.2 The CONVERGE Code
• 3.3 Boundary Conditions
• 3.3.1 General Description
• 3.3.2 Velocity Law-of-the-Wall Function
• 3.3.3 Temperature Wall Function and Wall Heat Transfer
• References
• 4 In-Cylinder Turbulence
• 4.1 Turbulence Features in Reciprocating Engines
• 4.1.1 In-Cylinder Flows
• 4.1.2 Turbulence Scales
• 4.2 RANS Methodology and Classical k-ε Models
• 4.2.1 RANS Methodology
• 4.2.2 The Classical k-ε Model
• 4.3 RNG k-ε Models
• 4.3.1 RNG Methodology
• 4.3.2 The RNG k-ε Model for Variable-Density Flows
• 4.3.3 Other RNG k-ε Model Variants
• 4.4 Large-Eddy Simulation
• 4.4.1 LES Methodology and Sub-Grid Models
• 4.4.1.1 Smagorinsky Model
• 4.4.1.2 Dynamic Smagorinsky Model
• 4.4.1.3 k-Equation Model
• 4.4.1.4 Dynamic Structure Model
• 4.4.2 Engine Simulation Examples
• 4.4.2.1 Intake and In-Cylinder Flows
• 4.4.2.2. Cycle-to-Cycle Combustion Variation
• 4.4.2.3 Low-Temperature Spray Combustion
• 4.4.2.4 Ignition Effects on DI Gasoline Combustion
• 4.4.2.5 Stratified-Charge DI Gasoline Combustion.
• References
• 5 Fuel Sprays
• 5.1 General Description
• 5.1.1 Multidimensional Spray Modeling
• 5.1.2 Structure Parameters of Sprays
• 5.2 Spray Atomization
• 5.2.1 Numerical Treatment of Fuel Injection
• 5.2.2 Jet Atomization
• 5.2.3 Sheet Atomization
• 5.3 Drop Dynamics
• 5.3.1 Secondary Breakup
• 5.3.2 Collision and Coalescence
• 5.3.3 Drag, Deformation, and Turbulent Dispersion
• 5.4 Evaporation
• 5.4.1 Single-Component Evaporation
• 5.4.2 Multi-Component Evaporation
• 5.5 Spray Wall Impingement
• 5.5.1 Spray Impingement Regimes
• 5.5.2 Post Impingement Outcomes
• 5.5.3 Wall Film Hydrodynamics and Heat Transfer
• References
• 6 Combustion and Pollutant Emissions
• 6.1 Overview
• 6.2 Characteristic-Time Combustion Model
• 6.2.1 Model Formulation
• 6.2.2 Diesel Engine Combustion Simulation
• 6.3 Flamelet Methods
• 6.3.1 Level Set G-Equation Model
• 6.3.2 SI Engine Combustion Simulation
• 6.4 Sub-Grid Direct Chemistry Approach
• 6.4.1 Description of the Method
• 6.4.2 HCCI Combustion Simulation
• 6.5 Chemical Reaction Mechanism and Its Reduction
• 6.6 Ignition Models
• 6.6.1 Spark Ignition
• 6.6.2 Compression Ignition
• 6.7 Models of NOx and Soot Emissions
• 6.7.1 NOx Emission Models
• 6.7.2 Soot Emission Models
• 6.7.3 Model Predictions
• References
• 7 Optimization of Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines
• 7.1 Advanced Combustion Development Methodology
• 7.1.1 Modeling-Driven Approach
• 7.1.2 Overview of Optimization Algorithms
• 7.2 CFD Codes and Software for IC Engines
• 7.3 Direct-Injection Spray Characterization
• 7.4 Mixing in Wall-Guided DI Systems
• 7.4.1 Homogeneous Mixture Formation
• 7.4.1.1 In-Cylinder Mixing Phenomena
• 7.4.1.2 Mixture Homogeneity and Improvement
• 7.4.2 Stratified-Charge Formation
• 7.5 Soot and Hydrocarbon Emissions by Wall-Wettings.
• 7.6 Mixing in Spray-Guided and Turbocharged DI Systems
• References
• 8 Optimization of Diesel and Alternative Fuel Engines
• 8.1 Direct-Injection Diesel Engines
• 8.1.1 Emissions Reduction by Multiple Injections
• 8.1.1.1 NO Reduction Mechanism
• 8.1.1.2 Soot Reduction Mechanism
• 8.1.2 Geometry of Helical-Port and Combustion Chamber
• 8.1.3 Emissions at Cold Start
• 8.2 Alternative Fuel Engines
• 8.2.1 Spark-Ignition Natural Gas Engines
• 8.2.2 RCCI in Diesel-Natural Gas Dual-Fuel Combustion
• 8.2.3 Combustion and NOx Emissions of Biodiesel Fuels
• References
• Index
• About the Author.