Human Rights Standards and the Responsibility of Transnational Corporations.

• Author: Addo, Michael K.
• Place / Publishing House: Boston : : BRILL,, 1999.; ©1999.
• Year of Publication: 1999
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (410 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on Contributors -- INTRODUCTION -- Human Rights and Transnational Corporations - an Introduction -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Dynamic Character of the Corporate Enterprise -- 3. The Role of Law -- 4. The Responsibility of Private Corporations -- 5. Human Rights Standards and Corporations -- 6. Responsibilities in the Human Rights Context -- 6.2. Duty to Respect the Rights of Others -- 6.2. Duty Not to Impede Protection of Human Rights -- 6.3. Problems of Enforcement -- 7. The Exeter Conference -- 7.1. Organisation -- 7.2. Some Broad Lessons -- 7.3. The Follow Up -- Keynote Address: Crafting a Human Rights Agenda for Business -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Globalisation of the World Economy -- 3. The Human Rights Agenda -- POLICY ISSUES -- The Socially Responsible Company -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Corporate Entity -- 3. The Limits of the Law -- 4. Conclusion -- How Principles Benefit the Bottom Line: The Experience of The Co-operative Bank -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Record of Leadership -- 3. The Ethical Standards -- 4. Conclusion -- Making Civil Regulation Work -- 1. Introduction -- 2. How Does Civil Regulation Work? -- 2.1. Adjusting Short Termism in the Financial Markets -- 2.2. Companies Adjusting to Financial Realities -- 3. So What Is Really Going On? -- 3.1. Leaders, Niche Players, and Followers -- 4. Conclusion - The Bottom Line -- The Corporate Transition to Sustainable Development -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sustainable Development and Human Rights -- 3. The Role of Friends of the Earth -- 3.1. Political -- 3.2. Business Activities -- 3.3. Governance -- Recasting Corporate Policy for Human Rights Purposes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Context -- 3. The Importance of Human Rights -- 4. Corporate Human Rights Policy -- REGULATION.

The OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Features -- 3. Coverage -- 4. Implementation of the Guidelines -- 4.1. Institutional Set-up -- 4.2. Follow-up Procedures -- 5. Conclusions -- The Nature and Value of Internal Codes of Ethics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Contexts -- 3. Codes of Ethics -- 4. Domestic versus International Considerations -- 5. Conclusions -- The European Union Code of Conduct on Arms Exports -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Global Arms Export Market and the Call For Change -- 3. The EU's Role in Regulating Arms Exports -- 4. Key Features of the European Union Code of Conduct on Arms Exports -- 5. Conclusion -- Human Rights and the Regulation of Tourism -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Human Rights Abuses and Tourism -- 3. Codes of Conduct in the Tourism Industry -- 5. Conclusion -- Regulating Multinational Corporations in a World of Nation States -- 1. Introduction -- 2. A Framework for Regulation -- 3. Content of the Core Standards for Corporate Responsibility -- 4. Enforcing International Regulation -- 4.1. The Core Standards Commission -- 4.2. Regulation by Specialist International Bodies -- 4.3. Home Government Regulation - Action by Industrialised Countries -- 4.4. Host Government Regulation - Action by Third World Governments -- 4.5. Market Based Mechanisms -- APPLICATION -- The Responsibility of Parent Corporations for the Human Rights Violations of Their Subsidiaries -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Changing Views on Corporate Responsibility -- 3. Some Lessions I Have Learned -- 4. Anti-Bribery Law Has Modified Market Behavior -- 5. What Conclusions Do We Really Want to Draw from the Reach of Global Business? -- The Unveiling of Transnational Corporations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Corporate Veil -- 3. Forum Non Conveniens -- 4. Thor Chemicals Holdings Ltd/Desmond Cowley -- 5. Rio Tinto PLC (RTP) -- 6. Cape PLC.

7. T&amp -- N/Ferodo -- 8. Conclusion -- A Practical Guide to Addressing Human Rights Concerns for Companies Operating Abroad -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Scenario and the Four Approaches of Business -- 3. Laying Down the Minimum Standards -- 4. Determining the Scale and Focus of the Company Human Rights Policy -- 5. Human Rights Management Within the Company -- The Corporation as a Victim of Human Rights Violations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Rights of Corporations -- 3. The European Convention on Human Rights -- 4. Conclusions -- Strategies for the Application of Human Rights to Business -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Capacity Building at Management Executive Level -- 3. The Human Rights Strategy -- 3.1. Local Interested Parties -- 3.2. Implementation -- 3.2. Reporting -- Industry and Human Rights -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Confederation of Danish Industries and Human Rights -- 3. Context and Consultation -- 4. Conclusions - CDI Today -- ISSUES OF DOCTRINE -- Human Rights and Company Law -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Labour Rights (Worker Participation) and Human Rights -- 3. Worker Participation in Human Rights Law -- 3.1. 1919 Constitution of the International Labour Organisation -- 3.2. The European Social Charter -- 3.3. The Charter of the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers -- 3.4. The Protocol on Social Policy -- 3.5. The European Directives -- Collective Redundancies, Acquired Rights, European Works Councils, Works Councils, Health and Safety -- 3.6. The Structural Proposals: SE and Fifth Directive -- 4. Coroporate Entity Theories -- 4.1. The Contractual Theories -- 4.2. The Communitaire Theories -- 4.3. Concession Theories -- 5. The Public Interest: The Right to Ensure that a Company is Properly Run -- 5.1. Shareholders as Guardians of the Public Interest -- 5.2. An Alternative Approach -- 6. Conclusion: The Crisis in Corporate Governance.

Economic and Social Human Rights, Private Actors and International Obligations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Current Legal Protection -- 3. Challenges to the Current Legal Protection -- 3.1. Ethical vs. Legal Standards -- 3.2. Move Forward -- 3.3. Possible Results -- 4. Conclusions -- The Legal Status of the Multinational Corporation Under International Law -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Ways in Which MNCs Affect Human Rights -- 3. Issues of Doctrine -- 3.1. Legal Personality in International Law: Classical Theory -- 3.2. Growing Diversity of International Legal Personality -- 3.3. Do MNCs Have Legal Personality? -- 4. Developments on the National Level -- 5. Concluding Observations -- GLOBALIZATION -- TNCs and Social Issues in the Developing World -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Oxfam's Role in the Debate on Business Ethics and Corporate Responsibility -- 2.1. Legal and Moral Responsibilities of TNCs -- 2.2. Codes of Conduct -- 2.3. Is there Common Ground? -- 3. NGO Expectations -- 4. Engagement in Practice? -- 4.1. Clothes Code Campaign -- 4.2. Ethical Trading Initiative -- 4.3. Extractive Industries -- 5. Conclusion -- Privatisation and Accountability: Developing Appropriate Institutions in Commonwealth Africa -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Offices of the Ombudsman -- 3. Developing Private Sector Offices of the Ombudsman -- 4. Establishing Human Rights Commissions -- 4.2. HRCs based on the Constitution or Domestic Legislation -- 4.2. Legislation Based on International Human Rights Instruments -- 4.3. "Quasi" Human Rights Commissions -- 5. Conclusions -- CASE STUDIES -- The Body shop and the Ogoni -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Body Shop and the Ogoni Struggle -- 2.1. Phase One: Reactive -- 2.2. Phase Two: Pro-Active -- 2.3. Phase Three: Consolidation and Disengagement -- 3. Conclusion -- The Human Rights Implications of Zambia's Privatisation Programme -- 1. Introduction.

2. The Impetus Behind Privitisation -- 2.1. Key Factors Underlying Privatisation -- 2.2. World Bank Agenda for African Mining -- 3. The Zambian Context -- 4. The Chain of Responsibility -- 4.1. The World Bank and the Promotion of Rights -- 4.1. The Role of the IMF -- 4.3. The Role of the World Bank in the Privatisation Programme in Zambia -- 4.4. British Government Development Assistance to Zambia -- 5. Human Rights Implications of the Privatisation Programme in Zambia -- 5.1. Right to Participation -- 5.2. Right to Work and to Just and Favourable Conditions of Work -- 5.3. Right to an Adequate Standard of Living, Including the Right to Housing -- 6. Allocating Responsibility for Protecting Human Rights During Privatisation -- Ethical Standards and Principles of Sustainability -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sustainability: Protecting the Rights of Future Generations -- 2.1. Principles 1 and 2: Substances from the Earth's Crust and Substances Produced by Society must not Systematically increase in the Ecosphere -- 2.2. Principle 3: The Physical Basis for Productivity and Diversity of Nature must not be Systematically Diminished -- 2.3. Principle 4: Resources must be used fairly and efficiently with respect to meeting human need -- 3. Achieving Sustainability: The Need for a Paradigm Shift in Ethics and Responsibilities -- 4. Conclusions -- Index.