Archaeological paleography : : a proposal for tracing the role of interaction in Mayan script innovation via material remains / / Joshua D. Englehardt.

• Superior document: Archaeopress pre-Columbian archaeology ; 6
• VerfasserIn: Englehardt, Joshua,
• Place / Publishing House: Oxford : : Archaeopress,, [2015]; ©2015
• Year of Publication: 2015
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Series: Archaeopress Pre-Columbian archaeology ; 6.
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (202 pages).

This volume explores the development of the Maya writing system in Middle-Late Formative and Early Classic period (700 BC-AD 450) Mesoamerica.

Table of Contents

Cover -- Title Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 1 -- Introduction -- Research Objectives -- Overview of the Investigation -- Regional Context of Dataset -- Analytic Units and Comparative Methodology -- Interpretive Synthesis: Evaluating the Model -- Statistical Methods of Quantitative Analysis -- Organization of this Volume -- Conclusions -- Figure 1.1. Map of Mesoamerica. The micro-regional study area is outlined in the cross-hatched box. -- Figure 1.2. The northwest Maya lowlands, detailing the micro-regional study area. The light grey overlay demarcates the northwest Maya lowlands of the Middle and Lower Usumacinta River basin in Tabasco, south-eastern Mexico (after Hernández Ayala 1981: 68 -- Figure 1.3. Detail of micro-regional study area and location of sites which provide ceramic evidence discussed in the text. -- Chapter 2 -- Theoretical Framework and Methodological Premises -- Modeling Interaction and Innovation in Ancient Societies -- Systems and Complexity Theories -- Theories of Network and Social Exchange -- Examining Interaction, Integration, and Variability through Material Culture -- Boundary Areas and Material Innovation -- Interaction and The Development of Writing Systems in Mesoamerica -- Writing and the Development of Writing Systems -- Shared Features, Linguistic Encoding, and the Development of Mesoamerican Scripts -- The Emergence and Nature of the Mayan Script -- Evaluating The Relationship between the Development of Writing and Material Interaction in Formative Period Mesoamerica -- Recontextualization -- Interpretive Framework: Correlating Script Diversification and Material Change -- Conclusions -- Figure 2.1. A hypothetical lattice model of Middle Preclassic period scale-free interregional interaction networks, showing nodes of interaction (after Demarest 1989: 337, fig. 13.2).

Figure 2.2. An analytic classification of writing systems based on types of signs and symbols employed (adapted from Gelb 1963: 14, fig. 2). In the typology detailed above, ideography and pictography/iconography are classified as semasiographic scripts, w -- Figure 2.3. Classification of Mesoamerican scripts (after Justeson et al. 1985 -- see also Coe 1976: fig. 1 -- Justeson 1986 -- Justeson and Matthews 1990 -- Marcus 1992a -- Mora-Marín 2001: 444-46, figs. 1.7-1.9). -- Figure 2.4. Acrophany and reformulation in Maya writing. a: T740 hu, hu, 'iguana -- ' phonetic sign -- represents the upended head of a lizard or other reptile -- b: T740:121.126 hu-li-ya, huliiy, intransitive verb, 'arrived -- ' c: T740.23 hu-na, hun, 'paper,' 'bo -- Figure 2.5. a: k'u (k'u) (T604) 'nest -- ' phonetic sign -- b: k'u-xa-ja (k'uxaj) (T604:114.181) passive verb -- 'was eaten -- ' 'was ground -- ' 'was hurt.' Drawings by Pearl Lau. -- Figure 2.6. Lazy-S / cloud / T632 substitution set (drawing by Pearl Lau after Reilly 1996: 414, fig. 3). -- Chapter 3 -- Figure 3.1. Map of the central and northwest Maya lowlands, showing sites included in this study and their location in relation to other Classic period Maya centers. -- The Northwest Maya Lowlands: Site Selection and Regional Background -- Regional Context -- Location and Environment -- Previous Investigations -- Site Selection and Background -- San Claudio -- Tiradero -- Mirador -- Revancha -- Conclusions -- Figure 3.2. Distribution of early Mesoamerican script groups overlying distribution of Early Formative ceramic traditions (1150-850 BC). The bold black lines separate the Oaxacan, Southeastern, and Mayan script traditions. The light dashed lines indicate.

Figure 3.3. Map of Mesoamerica. The extent of the Classic Maya area is roughly outlined in the light grey overlay, with traditional internal highland-lowland divisions noted. The central Maya core area of the Petén is highlighted in the grey cross-hatched -- Figure 3.4. Relief map of the site of San Claudio, 1m contour. (González Moreno 2006: 32, fig. 30). Map by Mario Retíz. -- Figure 3.5. Relief map of the site of Tiradero, 1m contour. Areas of excavation outlined in black cross hatched boxes. Map by Mario Retíz after Hernández Ayala 1981: 49, fig. 49. -- Figure 3.6. Map of the site center of Mirador. Map by Mario Retíz after Hernández Ayala 1981: 54, fig. 55. -- Figure 3.7. Relief map of the site of Revancha, 0.5m contour. Map by Mario Retíz after Hernández Ayala 1981: 58, fig. 60. -- Ceramic Sample and Analytic Methods -- Ceramic Sample -- Archaeological Contexts of the Ceramic Sample -- Sorting and Typing -- Chronology and Phasing -- Ceramic Sequence of the Lower San Pedro Mártir Basin -- Middle Formative Period -- Late Formative Period -- Early Classic Period -- Variables, Scale, and Analytic Units -- Type-Variety -- Form and Shape Class -- Techno-Stylistic Attributes and Dimensions -- Distribution -- Comparative Analysis of Attribute Variability -- Quantitative Analyses of Similarity and Diversity -- ANOVA Cluster Analysis of Mean Attribute Similarity and Distance -- H Score Measures of Diversity -- Conclusions -- Chapter 4 -- Figure 4.1. Middle Formative period ceramic type-varieties present in sample (n ≥ 10), showing quantities and group and ware associations (González Moreno 2006 -- Hernandez Ayala 1981). -- Figure 4.2. Late Formative period ceramic type-varieties present in sample (n ≥ 10), showing quantities and group and ware associations (González Moreno 2006 -- Hernandez Ayala 1981).

Figure 4.3. Early Classic period ceramic type-varieties present in sample (n ≥ 10), showing quantities and group and ware associations (González Moreno 2006 -- Hernández Ayala 1981). -- Figure 4.5. Plan of San Claudio Structure 1. Illustration by Mario Retíz after González Moreno 2006: 34, fig. 32. -- Figure 4.6. Plan of San Claudio Structure 4. Illustration by Mario Retíz after González Moreno 2006: 35, fig. 33. -- Figure 4.8. Plan of San Claudio Structure 12. Illustration by Mario Retíz after González Moreno 2006: 35, fig. 34. -- Figure 4.9. Map detailing excavated areas at House 1, Tiradero. Illustration by Mario Retíz after Hernández Ayala 1981: 50, fig. 51. -- Figure 4.10. Detail of excavated areas at the Tiradero ballcourt. Illustration by Mario Retíz after Hernández Ayala 1981: 52, fig. 54. -- Figure 4.11. Floor plans of the three houses at Mirador in which explorations were undertaken and ceramic materials recovered. Illustration by Mario Retíz after Hernández Ayala 1981: 55, fig. 57. -- Figure 4.12. Detail of excavations at the Mirador ballcourt. Illustration by Mario Retíz after Hernández Ayala 1981: 56, fig. 59. -- Figure 4.13. Regional ceramic sequences and correlations for the Maya lowlands, with relative and absolute chronological correlation. (Adams 1971: 136, table 23 -- Hernández Pons 1984: fig. 5 -- Hernández Ayala 1981: 77 -- Holley 1987 -- Lee 1972 -- Muñoz 2004 -- Ran -- Figure 4.14. Breakdown of quantities and percentages of five most common type-varieties present in sample at each site in the Middle Preclassic period. Percentages indicate proportions of selected type-varieties and totals in relation to the respective Mi.

Figure 4.15. Breakdown of quantities and percentages of five most common type-varieties present in sample at each site in the Late Preclassic period. Percentages indicate proportions of selected type-varieties and totals in relation to the respective Late -- Figure 4.16. Breakdown of quantities and percentages of five most common type-varieties present in sample at each site (a-d) in the Early Classic period. Percentages indicate proportions of selected type-varieties and totals in relation to the respective -- Figure 4.17. The variable stylistic attributes and categories of those attributes that were observed and recorded on diagnostic artifacts within the sample. -- Figure 4.18. Comparative interpretation of stylistic attributes. *At the regional scale, units refer to distinct ceramic traditions (or cultural groups). At the micro-regional scale, units refer to the four sites as a clustered whole (when compared with s -- Ceramic Analyses -- Results of Ceramic Analyses -- Statistical Analyses of the Ceramic Sample -- ANOVA Analysis of Middle Formative Period Ceramics -- ANOVA Analysis of Late Formative Period Ceramics -- ANOVA Analysis of Early Classic Period Ceramics -- The H Score Diversity Measure -- Summary of Statistical Analyses -- Comparative Assessment between Assemblages at the Regional Level -- Middle Formative Period -- Late Formative Period -- Early Classic Period -- Summary of Comparative Analysis -- Patterns of Interaction and Innovation Revealed through the Ceramic Analyses -- Variability over Time -- Variability through Space -- Conclusions -- Chapter 5 -- Interpreting the Results of the Comparative and Statistical -- Figure 5.1. Results of ANOVA statistical analysis on Middle Formative period ceramic sample. (1).

Figure 5.2. Pie chart illustrating occurrences of specific type-varieties within the Middle Formative period ceramic sample.