Coton Park, Rugby, Warwickshire : : a Middle Iron Age settlement with copper alloy casting / / Andy Chapman ; with contributions by Trevor Anderson [and eleven others] and illustrations by Andy Chapman, Pat Walsh and Mark Roughley.

• Superior document: Archaeopress archaeology
• VerfasserIn: Chapman, A. L.
• TeilnehmendeR: Anderson, Trevor,; Chapman, A. L.; Walsh, Pat,; Roughley, Mark,
• Place / Publishing House: Oxford : : Archaeopress Publishing Ltd,, [2020]; ©2020
• Year of Publication: 2020
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Series: Archaeopress archaeology.
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (185 pages).

A total area of 3.1ha, taking in much of a settlement largely of the earlier Middle Iron Age, was excavated in 1998 in advance of development. The Iron Age settlement comprised several groups of roundhouse ring ditches and associated small enclosures forming an open settlement set alongside a linear boundary ditch.

Table of Contents

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright page -- Contents Page -- List of Figures -- Figure 1.1: Site location -- Figure 1.2: Results of geophysical survey, showing major structures (by Geophysical Surveys, Bradford, from Warwickshire Museum 1997) -- Figure 1.3: Aerial view of the northern half of the site, looking north, showing major Iron Age structures and the furrows of the medieval field system (original images by Andy Holland) -- Figure 1.4: General site plan, showing the prehistoric features and the overlying furrows of the medieval field system -- Figure 1.5: Looking north-east across enclosure E4 to the linear boundary ditch D1, showing the water-filled features following the flooding during March and April 1998 -- Figure 1.6: Excavation of enclosure E1, producing copper alloy casting debris -- maintaining progress by use of barrow runs across the wet surface and bailing out features as necessary -- Figure 1.7: Near the end of the excavation, looking towards the north-east corner of the site, with the machine stripped areas to the left, centre and top, and the box scraper stripped areas to the centre-right and foreground -- Figure 2.1: Plans and sections of Bronze Age pits -- Figure 3.1: General plan of Iron Age settlement, Phases 1-5 -- Figure 3.2: The development of the Middle Iron Age settlement, Phases 1-4 -- Figure 3.3: The Iron Age settlement, Phase 1: later Early Iron Age (c.450-400BC) -- Figure 3.4: The southern portal posthole, 195, and the narrow wall slot, 196, of the early roundhouse RD6, looking south -- Figure 3.5: Aerial view of the principal roundhouse RD5, looking north (image by Andy Holland) -- Figure 3.6: Principal roundhouse RD5, looking west across the late outer enclosure ditch -- Figure 3.7: Aerial view of the copper alloy working area, Group1, looking north (image by Andy Holland).

Figure 3.8: Set of loomweights from a pit in RD18 -- Figure 3.9: The Iron Age settlement, Phase 2: earlier Middle Iron Age (c.400-350/300BC) -- Figure 3.10: The Iron Age settlement, Phase 3: earlier Middle Iron Age (c.350/200-250/200BC) -- Figure 3.11: The Iron Age settlement, Phase 4: later Middle Iron Age (c.250/200-150BC) -- Figure 3.12: The Iron Age settlement, Phase 5: Late Iron Age to early Roman (c.0BC- AD75) -- Figure 4.4: Group 1: ditch sections for RD2, RD3 and E1 -- Figure 4.5: The western (a: S21, 40 and 29) and eastern (b: S20, 27 and 34) ditch terminals of ring ditch RD3, and a section to the south-east (c: S25, 31 and 34) -- Figure 4.6: Group 2, roundhouses RD5, RD6, RD16, RD17 and RD33 -- Figure 4.7: Group 2, sections for roundhouse RD5 -- Figure 4.8: The northern ring ditch terminals of roundhouse RD5, the inner ditch, 166 (left) and outer ditch, 167 (right) -- Figure 4.9: The outer northern ring ditch terminal of RD5, 167, looking north, showing the dark fills containing burnt cobbles -- Figure 4.11: Group 3, ring ditches RD18, RD19, RD9, RD10 and RD11 -- Figure 4.12: Group 3, sections for ring ditches RD18, RD19, RD9 and RD11 -- Figure 4.13: Section of the main southern doorway post-pit, 260 (right), of RD12, and the shallow external plank settings, 261(left) -- Figure 4.15: The eastern ring ditches, RD1, RD21 and RD22 -- Figure 4.16: The northern enclosures, E6 and E7, and enclosures abutting boundary ditch D1, E8 and RD7 -- Figure 4.17: The northern enclosures, RD7, E4 and RD8, abutting boundary ditch D1 -- Figure 4.18: Section across the enclosure E4 and boundary ditch D1 -- Figure 5.1: Early (1-3) and Middle Iron Age pottery (4-6) -- Figure 5.2: Middle Iron Age pottery (7-11) -- Figure 5.3: Early Iron Age, 1-2, and Middle Iron Age pottery, 1-2, 4-5 and 11 (Scale 10mm) -- Figure 5.4: Middle Iron Age pottery (12-15).

Figure 5.5: Middle Iron Age scored ware pottery (16 -17 &amp -- 19) -- Figure 5.6: Scored ware pottery, 17-19 -- Figure 5.7: Rim diameter occurrence by MNV, all fabrics -- Figure 5.8: Rim diameter occurrence by MNV, sandy -- Figure 5.9: Rim diameter occurrence by MNV, fine shell (red) and coarse shell (blue) -- Figure 6.1: The distribution of finds in the bronze and bone working complex -- Figure 6.2: Copper alloy casting debris, 1: crucible, 2-3: sprue cups, 4: pouring gate and 5-6: mould fragments with impressions of cast objects -- Figure 6.3: Crucibles: a) SF7 three views and b) SF28 profile (Scale 10mm) -- Figure 6.4: Body of circular mould, plan and section, SF110 (Scale 10mm) -- Figure 6.5: Sprue-cups, a) complete, plan and profile, SF49 and b) incomplete, plan, SF50 and SF16 (Scale 10mm) -- Figure 6.6: The mould matrix: a) SF109, left and SF78 right and b) sprue-cup and mould matrix from Gussage All Saints, as displayed in the British Museum (Scale 10mm) -- Figure 6.7: Reconstructed lost wax casting mould for a bridle bit side link, showing variations in the firing of the clay mould -- Figure 6.8: Open bar mould, plan and section, SF102 -- Figure 6.9: Open bar mould, SF102 (Scale 10mm) -- Figure 6.10: Micrograph of slag/crucible interface with silica grains alongside metal prills -- Figure 6.11: Micrograph of crucible showing minute pieces of charcoal -- Figure 6.12: Micrograph of crucible showing peculiarly-shaped bronze shavings and scrapings -- Figure 6.13: Micrograph of crucible showing tin, copper and bronze prills -- Figure 6.14: Micrograph of crucible showing rhomboidal crystalline Cassiterite -- Figure 7.1: 'Thurrock-type' potin cast bronze coin, showing the head (left) and the stylised charging bull (right) (16.5mm diameter) -- Figure 7.2: Intact loomweight, SF69, from pit 284, RD18 (Scale 10mm).

Figure 7.3: Fired clay loomweights (1-5) -- Figure 7.4: Saddle querns and rubbing stones (1-5) (Scales 10-20mm) -- Figure 7.5: Rotary querns and a grinding stone (7-9) (Scales 20mm) -- Figure 7.6: Worked bone: comb, teeth lost (1) -- handles (2-3) and point (4) (Scale 10mm) -- Figure 7.7: Sawn bone (1-3) -- sawn and cut horn (4-5) and sawn antler (6-7) (Scale 10mm) -- Figure 8.2: Kill off pattern for pigs -- western roundhouses -- Figure 10.1: The development of Coton Park, Phases 2-4, and comparative plan of DIRFT, the Lodge -- Figure 10.2: Aerial view showing roundhouse RD5 and associated buildings, left, and the copper alloy casting and bone working area, right (image by Andy Holland) -- Figure 10.4: Roundhouses RD5 and RD6, showing surviving elements: door posts, walls slots, outer ring of posts (RD6) and ring ditch systems -- Figure 10.5: Comparative plans and sections of portal post-pits RD5, left, and RD12, right -- Figure 10.6: Comparative plans and sections of northern slots at Coton Park, RD5, and DIRFT, Lodge, RD4 -- Figure 10.7: The Iron Age enclosure and roundhouse at Brigstock, surviving as an earthwork, with an enclosing ditch and internal bank, with a stone track leading to the door of the roundhouse, left centre -- Figure 10.8: The Iron Age roundhouse at Brigstock, showing the encircling ring ditch, left, the narrow wall slot, left and right, and with a stone path approaching the doorway, which is defined by large post-pits at the ends of the wall slots -- Figure 10.9: Plan of the Iron Age roundhouse at Brigstock (Jackson 1983, fig 4) -- Figure 10.10: Brigstock, sections (Jackson 1983, fig 5) -- Figure 10.11 Aldwincle, Hut 2 showing the doorway post-pits, foreground and the wall trench with surviving post impressions -- Figure 10.12 Aldwincle, the wall trench of Hut 2 on the south side, showing the post impressions.

Figure 10.13. Aldwincle, plan of Hut 2 showing the ring of wall posts and the outer ring (OP) (Jackson 1977, fig 8) -- Figure 10.14: Aldwincle, sections of wall slots (Jackson 1977, fig 4) -- Figure 10.15: Wakerley, Hut 2, showing wall slot and inner post ring (Jackson and Ambrose 1978, fig 10) -- Figure 10.16: Wakerley, Hut 6, showing wall slot and inner square of support posts (Jackson and Ambrose 1978, fig 12) -- Figure 10.17: A large Iron Age saddle quern, 470mm long, from Pineham Barns, Northampton, left, and the new technology, a beehive rotary quern in Millstone Grit from Doncaster Redhouse, South Yorkshire (Scales 50mm) -- Figure 10.18: Storage jars from DIRFT the Lodge, 1 -- Coton Park, 17 -- and Barton Seagrave, Northamptonshire, 2 and 4 -- Figure 11.1: General plan of Bronze Age and Iron Age/Roman features at Coton medieval village -- Figure 11.2: Middle Bronze Age pits at Coton medieval village -- Figure 11.3: Bronze Age pottery from pit 1493, Vessels 1-5 -- Figure 11.4: The middle Bronze Age cremation cemetery at Coton medieval village -- Figure 11.5: The urn from cremation burial B7 -- Figure 11.6: Late Iron Age/early Roman ring ditch, building B1 -- Figure 11.7: Early Roman building, B2, within enclosure E4 -- Figure 11.8: Possible late Iron Age/early Roman circular shrine, building B3, within rectangular enclosure E7 -- List of Tables -- Table 2.1: Quantification of finds from the Bronze Age pits -- Table 2.2: Radiocarbon determinations for the Middle Bronze Age pits -- Table 2.3: Charcoal from the Bronze Age pits -- Table 3.1: Radiocarbon determinations for the Iron Age settlement -- Table 3.2: Summary of Iron Age chronology -- Table 4.1: Quantification of finds from E5, RD14 and RD34 -- Table 4.2: Quantification of finds from RD6 -- Table 4.3: Quantification of finds from pit cluster.

Table 4.4: Quantification of finds from linear pit group/pit alignment.