Glass beads from early medieval Ireland : : classification, dating, social performance / / Mags Mannion.

• VerfasserIn: Mannion, Mags,
• Place / Publishing House: Oxford, England : : Archaeopress,, [2015]; ©2015
• Year of Publication: 2015
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (157 pages)

This is the first dedicated and comprehensive study of glass beads from Early Medieval Ireland, presenting the first national classification, typology, dating, symbology and social performance of glass beads.

Table of Contents

Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Abstract -- Acknowledgments -- Author's note -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- The Irish bead corpus 'no strings attached' -- The study corpus -- The approach adopted in this study -- Classifying and dating the beads -- Development and structure of the research -- The social performance of beads -- Figure 1: A typical single find -- Figure 2: The number of coeval beads available from a single string or necklace from just one burial (from Brugmann 2004, fig. 76 beads from Grave 72 Linton Heath Cambridgeshire). 1 -- Figure 3: The widely recognised religious affiliation associated with rosary beads means the viewer is easily able to place it within a context. -- Chapter 2: The History of Glass Bead Studies -- Antiquarian Studies -- Museum Collections -- William Knowles -- Twentieth-Century Studies -- Gustavus Eisen -- Horace Beck -- Margaret Guido -- The modern approach -- Anglo-Saxon grave studies -- Scandinavian settlement studies -- Glass workshops -- Glass working on Irish sites -- Figure 4: Watercolours of the beads (from Knowles 1879-81, plate 2). -- Figure 5: A typical class 9 bead (from.http://www.kaupang 2001/fig 4.7) -- Figure 6: Rods of glass used in glass working were among the many finds from San Vincenzo (from Hodges 2009, no. SV5-01) -- Figure 7: A rod of glass used in glass working found during excavations on Iona (Barber 1981, Plate 24) -- Figure 8: The class 10A bead (10A.1) from Deer Park Farms -- Figure 9: The similarity in the composition and colours used in this glass rod from Ballydoo and the bead from Deer Park Farms illustrated in Figure 8 is very striking -- Chapter 3: Aims and Methodology -- Methodology -- The study corpus -- Lighting -- Photography -- Recording consistency -- Database -- Munsell codes -- Nomenclature.

The philosophy of the classification -- Table 1: Location of sites and number of bead from each site -- Figure 10: The form and features are more visible on a Class 3 bead of a lighter shade of glass. -- Figure 11: The features are not as clear on a class 3 bead of a dark shade of glass. -- Figure 12: Glass beads and rods made by the writer. -- Figure 13: The artisan has created a very individual and visually striking bead through the skilful use of opaque and translucent glass in contrasting colours. -- Chapter 4: The Classification -- Class 1 Segmented beads -- Class 2 Cable beads -- Class 2A -- Class 3 Toggle beads -- Class 4 Interlace decorated beads -- Class 5 Embellished Tripartite beads -- Class 6 Lattice decorated beads -- Class 7 Spiral marvered decorated yellow beads -- Class 10 Herringbone decorated beads -- Class 10A Marvered inlaid thread beads -- Class 8 Spiral marvered decorated dark beads -- Class 9 Spiral unmarvered decorated beads -- Class 11 Ribbed beads -- Class 12 Mulberry beads -- Class 13 Spiral form beads -- Class 14 Mixed colour bead -- Class 15 Globular beads -- 15A Miniature globular beads -- Class 16 Annular beads -- Class 17 Translucent annular beads -- Class 18 Spherical beads -- The Imported Beads -- Brugmann Constricted Segmented beads -- Guido Schedule 2 xi beads and 8 xi beads -- Guido Schedule 2v (a) beads -- Guido Schedule 6viii beads -- Koch Type 20 yellow -- Andrae Type 0772 -- Frankish Type beads -- Guido Schedule 5iia beads -- Koch Type 49/50 -- Siegmund Type 35.20 or 35.24 -- Figure 14: A typical class 1 bead (cat. no. 1.3) -- Figure 15: The paste between the groves is clearly visible on this specimen (cat. no. 2.1) -- Figure 16: Bead (cat. no. 2A.2), showing the single twist composition -- Figure 17: An example in pale opaque blue glass (cat .no. 3.3).

Figure 18: A class 3 bead (cat. no. 3.2), composed of translucent glass -- Figure 19: A typical class 4 bead (cat. no. 4.2), showing the marvered interlace decoration -- Figure 20: (cat. no. 5.1), The combination of motifs which could be used to embellish the beads -- Figure 21: A specimen with monochrome collars and raised dots (cat. no. 5.6) -- Figure 22: A specimen (cat. no. 5.8), with raised dots and collars of twisted glass (after Lynn and McDowell, 2011 Pl. 18.2). -- Figure 23: The bead from Carrigatogher in Co Clare -- Figure 24: Close up of the depression in which a decorative motif would be placed -- Figure 25: This specimen also has monochrome collars (cat. no. 5.3) -- Figure 26: This specimen (cat. no. 6.4), has a dark glass core -- Figure 27: The bead from Lagore (cat. no. 6.1) -- Figure 28: The bead from Newtownbalregan found in association with objects of sixth to seventh century date (Roycroft 2010, 22). -- Figure 29: Class 7 bead from Garryduff (cat. no. 7.3) -- Figure 30: A typical Class 8 bead (cat. no. 8.1) -- Figure 31: The core of this bead has a blue tinge (cat. no. 9.1) -- Figure 32 In this example the glass is of a caramel shade and the collars are intact (cat. no. 9.4).tif -- Figure 33 An example in yellow and green glass (cat. no. 10.21).tif -- Figure 34 Some examples display less skill in the execution of the decoration (cat. no. 10.11).tif -- Figure 35: This bead displays a more complex design (cat. no.10.1) -- Figure 36: An example of the type in a lighter colour class (cat. no. 10.10) -- Figure 37: (cat. no. 10A 2), displays the dimensional depth created by the use of rods of twisted glass similar to those found at Ballydoo -- Figure 38: This example is embellished with a twisted cable (cat. no.11.4) -- Figure 39: An example of the type in clear translucent glass (cat. no. 12.1).

Figure 40: The class 13 bead from Lagore (cat. no. 13.1) -- Figure 41: Lagore bead (cat. no. 14.1) -- Figure 42: This bead displays a more haphazard composition (cat. no. 14.2) -- Figure 43: A typical example of a class 15 bead composed of opaque glass of a white shade -- Figure 44: A typical class 15 bead of semi-translucent dark blue glass -- Figure 45: The bead while of small dimension displays the same workmanship seen on the larger globular beads (cat. no. 15A .2) -- Figure 46: A class 16 bead showing the proportional perforation and the smooth and rounded edges typical of this class -- Figure 47: A typical class 17 bead -- Figure 48: A typical spherical bead -- Table 2: Classification Table -- Figure 49: While the body of the beads can be composed in a variety of colours they all display similar randomly placed and sized inserts in a range of colours as seen on this specimen (cat. no. Gui S8xii. 1) -- Figure 50: The jagged perforation edge at the lower end may indicate that the beads may originally have had more than two segments (cat. no. Bru. CS.2) -- Figure 51: (cat. no. Bru. CS.1) -- Figure 52: (cat. no. Gui. M. 1) -- Figure 53: This bead displays the very distinctive decoration that characterises this type (cat. no. Gui. S2v. (a)) -- Figure 54: (cat. no. Koch. 20Y.1), (after Hughes 1980) -- Figure 55: (cat. no. Koch 49/50.1), (after Hughes 1980) -- Figure 56: (cat. no. Gui. S5iia.1) -- Figure 57: (cat. no. And. 0772.1) -- Figure 58: (cat. no. Sieg 35.20/35.24 .2) -- Figure 59: (cat. no. Sieg. 35.20/35.24.1) -- Figure 60: (cat. no. Fra. Type .1 and Fra. Type.2) -- Figure 78: The possible composition of necklace (after Lynn and McDowell 2011, Pl. 18.1). -- Figure 79: A typical class 16 bead of blue glass embellishes a bronze pin. -- Figure 80: Close up of the head of the glass toped pin from Drummiller Rocks, Dromore.

Table 3: Imported beads -- Chapter 5: Context and Dating of the Classes -- Deer Park Farms ringfort, Co. Antrim. -- The chronology and dating of the site -- The excavation nomenclature -- The Beads -- Phase 2 bead -- Phase 3 beads -- Phase 4 beads -- Phases 2-5 bead -- Phases 3-5 bead -- The Rath Period Beads, Phases 2-6 -- Phase 6 beads -- Phase 6a beads -- Phases 4-5 beads -- Phases 5 -- Phase 6b beads -- The Raised Rath Period Phases 7-13 -- Phase 7 beads -- Phase 8 beads -- Phases 8-10 beads -- Phase 10 beads -- Phase 9 beads -- Phases 8-12 beads -- Phases 9-10 beads -- Phase 11 beads -- Phase 12 beads -- Phase 13 beads -- Souterrain Period beads -- Summary of the dating evidence -- Unstratified beads -- Lagore Crannóg Co. Meath -- The structure of the site -- Chronology of the site -- Dating of the site -- Re-interpretation of the chronology -- The association of finds to Periods -- The Excavation Record -- Limitations of the excavation report -- The Beads -- Period I bead -- Period Ia beads -- Period Ib beads -- Period II beads -- Period III beads -- The unstratified beads -- The 'old finds' -- Summary of the dating evidence -- Clonmacnoise Ecclesiastical Centre Co. Offaly -- The Beads -- Summary of dating evidence -- Caherlehillian Ecclesiastical Settlement Co. Kerry -- The Beads -- Summary of the dating evidence -- Garranes ringfort Co. Cork -- The excavation record -- The Beads -- The site D beads -- The 1991/92 excavation beads -- The site A beads -- The site C beads -- Summary of the dating evidence -- Two Ring-Forts at Garryduff Co. Cork. -- Limitations of the excavation report -- The beads -- Period I beads -- Period II beads -- Old find -- Ballinderry Crannóg No. 2 Co. Offaly. -- Limitations of the excavation report -- Chronology and dating of the site -- Summary of dating evidence -- The Beads -- Summary of the dating evidence.

Ballydoo ecclesiastical enclosure Co. Armagh.