St Gregory's Minster, Kirkdale, North Yorkshire.

• Author: Rahtz+, Philip.
• TeilnehmendeR: Watts, Lorna.
• Place / Publishing House: Oxford : : Archaeopress,, 2021.; ©2021.
• Year of Publication: 2021
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (344 pages)

The result of c. 20 years of work on and around the church of St Gregory's Minster, Kirkdale, North Yorkshire, this work is concerned primarily with the 8th century onwards, but also extends the time-period of this isolated site, particularly for the post-Roman to middle Saxon period, but also as an earlier probably religious landscape.

Table of Contents

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright page -- Contents Page -- List of Figures -- The Site of Kirkdale -- Figure 1.1 Location -- Figure 1.2 The present parish -- Figure 1.3 Kirkdale valley -- Figure 1.4 Kirkdale cavern, by Rev W Conyebeare (Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 1822, part 1) -- Figure 1.5 Site plan -- Figure 1.6 Locations of cuttings around the church -- The West Exterior -- Figure 2.1 Trench TO, plan and section -- Figure 2.2 Trench ST, elevation, profile and plan -- Figure 2.3 Trench ST, isometric projection from NW -- Figure 2.4 Trench TP, plan 1, with areas of blocks A-D indicated -- Figure 2.5 Trench TP, plan 2 -- Figure 2.6 Trench TP, plan 3 -- Figure 2.7 Trench TP, sections D-D1 and A-C1-C and elevation -- Figure 2.9 Trench TP, section D-X -- Figure 2.10 Trench TP, section A-B -- Figure 2.11 Trench TP, section Y-Z -- Figure 2.13 Trench TP, grave complex AO - plan and sections -- Figure 2.15 Trench TP, elevation below west wall of nave -- Figure 2.16 Trench TP, profile X-Y, incision III under west wall of nave -- Figure 2.17 Elevation of west wall of nave exterior -- Figure 2.19 Trench TP, Phase 2 - primary graves -- Figure 2.20 Trench TP, Phases 3-4 - later graves, wall AV, west wall of nave -- The North Exterior -- Figure 3.1 North exterior elevation of the vestry and north aisle in 1876 -- Figure 3.2 Location of north exterior cuttings -- Figure 3.3 Cutting NA, plan -- Figure 3.4 Cutting NA, elevation and profile of east face of vestry -- Figure 3.5 Vestry north exterior, summary elevation and profile -- Figure 3.6 Elevation of north exterior of vestry and profile at west end -- Figure 3.7 Cutting NB, plan 1 -- Figure 3.8 Cutting NB, plan 2 -- Figure 3.9 Cutting NB, eastern and western sections -- Figure 3.10 Cutting NB, elevation of north vestry wall in area of Cutting NB.

Figure 3.11 Cutting NB, elevation of heating chamber area -- Figure 3.12 Cutting NB, plans 3-6 graves -- Figure 3.13 Elevations and profiles of the north exterior of the north aisle -- Figure 3.14 Cutting NC, plans 1-4 -- Figure 3.15 Cutting NC, elevation of north aisle exterior -- Figure 3.16 Cutting NC, eastern and western sections -- Figure 3.17 Cuttings ND/NE, plan -- Figure 3.18 Cuttings ND/NE, elevation -- Figure 3.19 Cuttings ND/NE, junction section -- Figure 3.20 West exterior of north aisle in 1876 -- Figure 3.21 Vestry/North Aisle exterior elevation -- The South Exterior -- Figure 4.1 South nave exterior, nave plan 1, plan 2 -- Figure 4.2 South nave exterior, nave profiles -- Figure 4.3 South nave exterior, elevation A -- Figure 4.4 South nave exterior, plan 3, plan 4 -- Figure 4.5 South nave exterior, elevation B -- Figure 4.6 South nave exterior, elevation C -- Figure 4.7 South nave exterior, profile C, profile D -- Figure 4.8 South nave exterior, nave/chancel junction interpretation -- The Chancel Exterior -- Figure 5.1 South chancel exterior, elevation, profile, plan -- Figure 5.2 East chancel exterior, elevation, plan -- Figure 5.3 North chancel exterior, elevation, plan -- The Church Interior -- Figure 6.1 St Gregory's Minster, Tudor's plan of the church (Tudor 1876, pl 1) -- Figure 6.2 St Gregory's Minster, current plan of the church -- Figure 6.3 St Gregory's Minster geophysical survey in the church interior -- Figure 6.4 Tudor's chancel arch elevation (from the east) -- Figure 6.5 The components of the chancel arch in the C19 -- Figure 6.6 The medieval and (postulated) Anglo-Saxon chancel arches -- Figure 6.7 Tudor's section looking north -- Investigations in Adjacent Fields -- Figure 7.1 The North Field -- Figure 7.2 Trench II, plan 1 the cemetery -- Figure 7.3 Trench II, plan 2 postholes and metalling.

Figure 7.4 Trench II, plan 3 headland and wall -- Figure 7.5 Trench II, north side section W-E -- Figure 7.6 Trench II, east side section (reversed) S-N -- Figure 7.7 Trench II, south side elevation and section E-W -- Figure 7.8 Trench II, west side section S-N -- Figure 7.9 Trench II, stratigraphic sequence -- Figure 7.10 Trench CW plan -- Figure 7.11 Trench CW section S-N -- Figure 7.12 Trench CW stratigraphic sequence -- Figure 7.13 Trench I northern part, west side of hollow way to ford -- Figure 7.14 Trench I southern part, west side of hollow way to ford -- Figure 7.15 Trench I, west side of hollow way -- Figure 7.16 Trench I, stratigraphic sequence -- Figure 7.17 Trench III plan and section -- Figure 7.18 Trench III, southern part, plan and section -- Figure 7.19 Trench III, stratigraphic sequence -- Figure 7.20 Kirkdale including the South Field, map, looking east (traced from AP 12691/01, 14.09.96) -- Figure 7.21 The South Field plan -- Figure 7.22 The South Field excavation, plan and section -- Human Bones -- Figure 8.1 Representation of skeletal elements amongst the Kirkdale assemblage calculated as a percentage of the expected number of elements in 100 complete skeletons -- Figure 8.2 Mortality profile for the complete Kirkdale population -- Figure 8.3 Mortality profile for the immature individuals from Kirkdale -- Figure 8.4 Survivorship amongst the Kirkdale population compared to model life tables for 'west' females with life expectancies of 20 and 30 years (Coale and Demeny 1966) -- Figure 8.5 Biological sex profile of adults by age at death at Kirkdale -- Figure 8.6 Peg-shaped right M3 in an individual from KD Trench TP, AP -- Figure 8.7 Extensive dental pathology in individual KD Trench TP, AE.

Figure 8.8 Degenerative changes to the bones of the hand in skeleton KD Trench TP, V. Left, available elements of both hands. Right, lateral view of ankylosed phalanges. Note the ankylosis, with angulation, of all three phalanges on the right image and th -- Figure 8.9 Radiograph of fused phalanges from skeleton KD Trench TP, V. Superior-inferior view showing advanced degree of ankylosis with sclerotic areas and penetration of the sinus into the medullary cavity (red arrow) -- Figure 8.10 Suspected well-healed fracture of the diaphysis of a right 5th metacarpal from KD Trench TP, AO -- Figure 8.11 Radiograph of right 5th metacarpal from KD Trench TP, AO showing no evidence of fracture line -- Figure 8.12 Dysplastic coronoid process and associated joint modification to the temporo-mandibular joint from individual KD Trench TP, V -- Figure 8.13 T2, 3, 4, 5 from skeleton KD Cutting ND/NE, K showing various pathologies discussed in the text. Right image is the same vertebrae rearticulated to show anterior kyphosis resulting from the injury -- Figure 8.14 Left femoral head of an individual from KD Trench TP, Y. Left image: medial aspect showing extended joint with severe degenerative joint disease and grove from position of ligamentum teres -- right image posterior aspect showing completely flatt -- Figure 8.15 Complete femur from KD Trench TP, Y showing dysplastic femoral head and overall gracility of the element -- The Artefacts -- Figure 9.1 ST 34 -- Figure 9.2 GL 6 -- Figure 9.3a ST 12 -- Figure 9.3b Reconstruction of ST 12 -- Figure 9.4 ST 23 -- Figure 9.5a ST 7 -- Figure 9.5b ST 7 redrawn from Frank 1888, 136 -- Figure 9.6 ST 8 -- Figure 9.7 Suggested reconstruction of the designs of ST 7 and ST 8 -- Figure 9.8 GL 2 -- Figure 9.9 OM 3 -- Figure 9.10 ST 17 -- Figure 9.11 ST 15 -- Figure 9.12 ST 20 -- Figure 9.13 ST 26 -- Figure 9.14 ST 22.

Figure 9.15 ST 22, incisions on tapering end -- Figure 9.16 ST 22, incisions near butt end -- Figure 9.17 ST 24 + ST 25 -- Figure 9.18 ST 19 -- Figure 9.19 Reconstruction of arch from ST 19 -- Figure 9.20 ST 28 -- Figure 9.21 CA 4 -- Figure 9.22 ST 18 -- Figure 9.23 ST 21 -- Figure 9.24 ST 36 -- Figure 9.25 Roof tile from Cutting NE, C -- Figure 9.26 Trench II pottery illustrations 1-10 -- Figure 9.27 Trench II pottery illustrations 11-20 -- Figure 9.28 Trench II pottery illustrations 21-29 -- Figure 9.29 Trench II pottery illustrations 30-38 -- Figure 9.30 GL 9 -- Figure 9.31 CA 5, IR 18, OM 15 -- Figure 9.32 IR 13, IR 24a-d, IR 25 -- Figure 9.33 IR 23 -- Figure 9.34 OM 7 -- Overview and Interpretation -- Figure 10.1 Church Master Periods ?II-VI -- Figure 10.2 Model of potential relationships between Lastingham, Kirkbymoorside and Kirkdale in the earlier-middle Anglo-Saxon periods -- Figure 10.3 Kirkdale - radiocarbon dates -- Figure 10.4 Yorkshire estates held by Orm Gamalson, before Hugh, son of Baldric, in Domesday Book -- List of Plates -- The Site of Kirkdale -- Plate 1.1 Aerial photograph of the valley (Crown copyright) -- Plate 1.2 The church and north churchyard wall, with the Hodge Beck in the background -- Plate 1.3 The sundial above the south door -- Plate 1.4 The south side of the church as depicted by Brooke 1779 -- Plate 1.5 Recording the tower -- Plate 1.6 School party inspecting sarcophagus -- The West Exterior -- Plate 2.1 Trench ST, final -- Plate 2.2 Trench TP, from SW -- Plate 2.3 Trench TP, Grave AO -- Plate 2.5 Trench TP, sarcophagus and charnel beneath -- Plate 2.4 Trench TP, Grave AP 'brain' -- Plate 2.6 Trench TP, charnel in sarcophagus -- Plate 2.7 Trench TP, incisions investigating earlier wall -- The North Exterior -- Plate 3.1 Cutting NB, Burial S and walling above -- Plate 3.2 Cuttings ND/NE, final -- The South Exterior.

Plate 4.1 Nave south exterior, final of nave/chancel junction.