Iron Age and Roman Settlement at Highflyer Farm, Ely, Cambridgeshire.

• Author: Fairclough, James.
• Place / Publishing House: Oxford : : Archaeopress,, 2021.; ©2021.
• Year of Publication: 2021
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (153 pages)

This volume presents the results of archaeological work carried out by MOLA (Museum of London Archaeology) at Highflyer Farm in 2018. Remains dating from the Neolithic to the post-medieval period were recorded, with most of the activity occurring between the early Iron Age and late Roman periods.

Table of Contents

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright page -- Contents Page -- List of Figures -- Introduction -- Figure 1.1. Site location (scale 1:4000) -- Figure 1.2. Dated and undated features plan (scale 1:1750) -- Figure 1.3. Drone shot of site, looking south-west -- Figure 1.4. Site shown to the general public -- Figure 1.5. Phased plan (scale 1:1750) -- The archaeological evidence -- Figure 2.1. Late Neolithic-early Bronze Age and early Iron Age features (scale 1:1500) -- Figure 2.2. Pit [340], looking north-west. -- Figure 2.3. Section of pit [643] (scale 1:25) -- Figure 2.4. Pit [5408] and adjacent ditch [5406], during evaluation works, looking north-east -- Figure 2.5. Pit [1876], looking north-west -- Figure 2.6. Middle Iron Age features plan (scale 1:1000) -- Figure 2.7. Ring ditch southern side, looking north-west -- Figure 2.8. Drone shot of ring ditch, looking north -- Figure 2.9. Middle Iron Age southern area (scale 1:500) -- Figure 2.10. Middle Iron Age sub-phases (scale 1:750) -- Figure 2.11. Burial [510] -- Figure 2.12. Late Iron Age features (scale 1:1500) -- Figure 2.13. Section of ditches [279] and [281] (scale 1:25) -- Figure 2.14. Early Roman features (scale 1:1500) -- Figure 2.15. Section of ditch [574] and pit [576] (scale 1:25) -- Figure 2.16. Section of feature [213] (scale 1:50) -- Figure 2.17. Early Roman features, northern area (scale 1:500) -- Figure 2.18. Posthole [955] truncating undated pit, looking north-east -- Figure 2.19. Middle Roman features (scale 1:1500 -- insert 1:600) -- Figure 2.20. Northern and eastern routeways with obscuring soil spread at junction -- Figure 2.21. Plan of Trench 56 (scale 1:200) -- Figure 2.22. Dog burial within context (1952) -- Figure 2.23. Bone deposit within south-west corner of E15 -- Figure 2.24. Sections 387 and 414 (scale 1:25 -- 1:50).

Figure 2.25. Middle Roman, central internal features (scale 1:500) -- Figure 2.26. Well [1414] and ditch [1416], looking south-west -- Figure 2.27. Sections of pits [1651], [1758] and [1732] (scale 1:50) -- Figure 2.28. Ditch [18], looking north-west -- Figure 2.29. Rows of postholes, looking north-west -- Figure 2.30. Sections of postholes [1285], [1299] and [1336] (scale 1:25) -- Figure 2.31. Section of [1819] (scale 1:100) -- Figure 2.32. Remains of lamb within pit [1512] -- Figure 2.33. Late Roman features (scale 1:1500) -- Figure 2.34. Ditch [198], looking north-west -- Figure 2.35. Latest Roman features (scale 1:1500) -- Figure 2.36. Ditch [1781] and feature [1779] of E29, looking north-west -- Figure 2.37. Sheep/goat remains within pit [105], looking south -- Figure 2.38. Early to middle Saxon and late Saxon features (scale 1:1500) -- Figure 2.39. Plan of sunken-featured building [1373] (scale 1:25) -- Figure 2.40. Sunken-featured building [1373], looking west -- Figure 2.41. Antler comb found during evaluation works (scale 20mm) -- Figure 2.42. Post-medieval to modern and undated features (scale 1:1500) -- Finds -- Figure 3.1. Pottery representation by site period -- Figure 3.2. Proportions of broad Roman pottery ware categories by period -- Figure 3.3. Representation of Horningsea wares by period -- Figure 3.4. Representation of Wattisfield greywares by period -- Figure 3.5. Representation of Godmanchester white wares by period -- Figure 3.6. Representation of Roman shelly wares by period -- Figure 3.7. Representation of Lower Nene Valley colour-coated wares by period -- Figure 3.8. Representation of Roman form types by period -- Figure 3.9. Pottery illustrations (scale 1:2) -- Figure 3.10. Pottery illustrations (scale 1:2) -- Figure 3.11. Maker's stamp on PRN 1463, Malledus of Lezoux.

Figure 3.12. Registered finds illustrations (scale 1:1) -- Figure 3.13. Registered finds illustrations (scale 1:1) -- Figure 3.14. Distribution map of Roman tile/brick and opus signinum (scale 1:1500) -- Figure 3.15. Distribution map of kiln structure/furniture, loomweights and fired clay (scale 1:1500) -- Human, faunal and environmental evidence -- Figure 4.1. Left femur from gully [1643], showing rodent gnaw marks -- Figure 4.2. Skeleton (509), posterior view of the right patella -- Figure 4.3. Preservation of identifiable hand-collected post-cranial bone from periods with&gt -- 100NISP -- Figure 4.4. Preservation of hand-collected identifiable post-cranial bones from pits and ditches (Periods 3-8) -- Figure 4.5. Tooth wear data for sheep/goat mandibles (n=16) from Period 3 -- Figure 4.6. Percentage body part representation for hand-collected cattle and sheep/goat bones from Period 3 -- Figure 4.7. Percentage body parts representation for hand-collected cattle and sheep/goat bones from Period 6 -- Figure 4.10. Tooth wear data for sheep/goat mandibles (n=10) from Period 6 -- Figure 4.8. Tooth wear data for cattle mandibles (n=20) from Period 6 -- Figure 4.9. Epiphyseal fusion for cattle from Period 6 (n=22) -- Figure 4.11. Percentage body part representation for hand collected cattle bones from Period 7 -- Figure 4.12. Tooth wear data from cattle mandibles (n=11) from Period 7 -- Figure 4.13. Tooth wear data for sheep/goat mandibles (n=12) from Period 7 -- Figure 4.14. Relative proportion (%NISP) of cattle, sheep/goat and pig from the Roman periods (excluding sheep/goat from pit 105) -- Figure 4.15. Percentage body part representation for hand-collected cattle bones from Period 8 -- Figure 4.16. Tooth wear data for cattle mandibles (n=10) from Period 8 -- Figure 4.17. Tooth wear for sheep/goat mandibles (n=9) from Period 8.

Figure 4.18. Relative proportion (% NISP) of hand-collected cattle, sheep/goat and pig from the Iron Age, Roman and Saxon periods -- Figure 4.19. Tooth wear data for sheep/goat mandibles (n=22) from the Iron Age (combined Periods 2, 3 and 4) -- Figure 4.20. Tooth wear data for cattle mandibles (n=41) from the Roman period (combined Periods 6, 7 and 8) -- Figure 4.21. Tooth wear data for sheep/goat mandibles (n=31) from the Roman period (combined Periods 6, 7 and 8) -- Figure 4.22. Radiocarbon determinations for skeleton (509) -- Discussion -- Figure 5.1. Comparative Ely Iron Age and/or Roman enclosures and combined Highflyer and Prickwillow Road (scale 1:5000) -- Figure 5.2 Comparative Ely enclosures Iron Age and/or Roman enclosures (continued) -- Figure 5.3. Excavations at Highflyer Farm and Prickwillow Road (scale 1:2500) -- Figure 5.4. Development of the settlement, early Iron Age to early Roman (scale 1:5000) -- Figure 5.5. Known Iron Age and Roman sites (scale 1:50000) -- Figure 5.6. Development of the settlement, middle Roman to Saxon (scale 1:5000) -- Figure 5.7. Highflyer Farm and enclosure system to the north-east (scale 1:8000) -- List of Tables -- Introduction -- Table 1.1. Summary of site chronology and significant archaeological features -- Finds -- Table 3.1: Quantification of worked flint -- Table 3.2: Quantification of prehistoric pottery by feature -- Table 3.3: Feature types producing Iron Age pottery -- Table 3.4: Interventions producing 500g or more of Iron Age pottery -- Table 3.5: Iron Age pottery fabrics -- Table 3.6: Iron Age pottery forms -- Table 3.7: Iron Age pottery surface -- Table 3.8: Iron Age pottery use-wear -- Table 3.9: Iron Age pottery technology -- Table 3.10: Feature types producing Roman pottery -- Table 3.11: Interventions producing 500g or more of Roman pottery.

Table 3.12: 'Mixed' groups of Roman and early-middle Saxon pottery -- Table 3.13: Post-Roman pottery occurrence by number and weight (g) of sherds per context by fabric type -- Table 3.14: Coin catalogue -- Table 3.15 Summary of registered finds recovered by period and material -- Table 3.16: Roman registered finds -- Table 3.17: Quantification of Roman tile/brick, opus signinum and post-medieval to modern brick and drain -- Table 3.18: Quantification of slags -- Human, faunal and environmental evidence -- Table 4.1: Summary of disarticulated bone -- Table 4.2: Number of hand-collected specimens present (NSP) from Ely, Highflyer Farm. Antler fragments not included -- Table 4.3: Number of identifiable specimens present (NISP) from Ely, Highflyer Farm's environmental samples -- Table 4.4: Tooth wear data for major domesticates from Period 4 -- Table 4.5: Tooth wear data for major domesticates from Period 9 -- Table 4.6: Plant macrofossil remains -- Table 4.7: Oyster shells by context -- Table 4.8: Oyster shells by period -- Table 4.9: Radiocarbon determinations -- Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- Historical and archaeological background -- Location, topography and geology -- Project background -- Archaeological work within the area -- Site phasing of the present mitigation -- Chapter 2 The archaeological evidence -- Period 1: Late Neolithic to early Bronze Age (3000 BC to 2000 BC) -- Period 2: Early Iron Age (600 BC to 400 BC) -- Period 3: Middle Iron Age (400 BC-100 BC) -- Period 4: Late Iron Age (100 BC-AD 50) -- Period 5: Early Roman (AD 50-AD 150) -- Period 6: Middle Roman (AD 150-AD 300) -- Period 7: Late Roman (AD 300-late 4th century) -- Period 8: Latest Roman (Up to a least AD 400?) -- Period 9: Early Saxon -- Period 10: Late Saxon to medieval -- Period 11: Post- medieval and modern -- Undated features.

Chapter 3 Finds.