Judicial Independence.

• Author: Shetreet, Shimon.
• TeilnehmendeR: Chodosh, Hiram.
• Place / Publishing House: Boston : : BRILL,, 2024.; ©2024.
• Year of Publication: 2024
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (633 pages)

The book offers analsys of numerous dimensions regarding the essential role of judicial independence in democracy, as well as analsys of basic constitutional principles and contemporary issues on judicial independence and judicial procces in many jurisdictions. It offers analsys of international standarts of judicial independence and judicial ethics.

Table of Contents

Front Cover -- Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on Contributors -- Table of Cases -- Table of Legislation -- Chapter 1 General Introduction -- Part 1: Democracy, Rule of Law and Judicial Independencein Challenging Times -- Part 2: Measuring and Evaluation of the Justice System: The Impracticable Imperative -- Part 3: Contemporary Challenges of Judicial Independence -- Part 4: ELI - Mount Scopus Project on European Standardsof Judicial Independence -- Part 5: Contemporary Issues on the Role of the Judiciary: Constitutional Position of the Judiciary -- Part 6: Honouring 40 Years of Pursuit of Judicial Independence of JIWP -- Part 7: Appendices -- Part 1 Democracy, Rule of Law and Judicial Independence in Challenging Times -- Chapter 2 The Judiciary in Malta in Historical and Comparative Perspective -- Introduction -- Memorial Note on Daphne Caruana Galizia -- Introductory Remarks -- Judicial Crisis in Malta -- The Maltese Judicial System -- The Constitutional Structure -- The Courts System -- Superior Courts -- Inferior Courts -- The Judiciary and Administrative Justice -- Judicial Appointments -- Judicial Discipline -- Chapter 3 Analysis of the Major Contemporary Threats and Challenges to the Independence of Justice -- Judicial Corruption and Threats from Organized Crime Networks -- The Problem of Authoritarian States -- Chapter 4 Judicial Independence in the Face of Political Impunity -- Introduction -- Historical Developments and Analysis of Democratic Recession -- The Case of India -- The Case of Pakistan -- Conclusion -- Chapter 5 Judicial Independence and Political Impunity: A Brief Rejoinder from India -- Introduction -- Independence of the Judiciary and Executive Decisions -- The Babri Masjid Case -- The Abrogation of Article 370 (Jammu and Kashmir).

The NJAC Case (2016) -- Conclusion -- Chapter 6 The Contribution of the Jurisprudence of the Supreme Court to the Protection of Social Rights -- Introduction -- The Challenges of Judicial Implementation of Social Rights -- Procedural Aspects of Social Rights -- Conclusion -- Chapter 7 Theory of Separation of Powers and Its Development in England -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Separation of Roles of the Lord Chancellor -- 3 The Separation of House of Lords -- 4 Interim Summary: the Two Reforms of Separation -- 5 Constitutional Reform Act 2005: Major Changes in Judicial Appointment and Discipline and in Administrative Responsibility for the Court -- 5.1 A Change in the Method of Selecting Judges -- 5.2 A Change in the Disciplinary System of Judges -- 5.3 A Change in the Method of Administrative Responsibility for the Courts -- 6 The Court Protects the Authority of Parliament -- 7 Separation of Powers in Israeli Law -- 8 Conclusion -- Part 2 Measuring and Evaluation of the Justice System -- Chapter 8 Measuring Justice and Judicial Independence: The Impracticable Imperative -- Introduction -- The Challenges -- Challenge One: Neglect of Judicial Institutions -- Challenge Two: Weak Theory -- Poor Empirics -- Challenge Three: Shallow Reform -- The Questions -- Question One -- Question Two -- Question Three -- Question Four -- Question Five -- Question Six -- References -- Chapter 9 Artificial Intelligence and the Judiciary -- The Context -- Digitalisation -- The Development of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Relation to the Delivery of Justice -- Two Major Current Issues -- The Scale of the Task -- I Use of Artificial Intelligence in Decision Making in the Justice System -- (a) Decisions Made with the Use of Biometrical Identification -- (b) Decisions Based on Behavioural Predictions -- (c) The Supplanting of Decisions in Repetitive Tasks.

(d) Automated Decision Making -- (e) Conclusion -- 2 Use of Data to Manage the Delivery of Justice and Judicial Performance -- (a) Use of Data to Measure the Effectiveness of the System -- (b) Management of Cases -- (c) Structured Decision Making to Control the Ambit of Discretion -- (d) Review of Judicial Performance -- (e) Review of Judicial Decision Making -- (f) The Importance of the Principles of Transparency, Governance and Accountability -- The Relationship of These Principles to General Post Pandemic Developments -- Conclusion -- Chapter 10 Evaluation and Measurement of Courts -- A Assessment and Measurement of Public Sector Activity -- B The Complexity of Measuring and Evaluating Courts -- C Measurement of Courts in Practice -- a Operational Indicators -- b Management Indicators -- c Organizational Indicators: Indices of Robustness and Belonging -- d Personal Metrics -- D Artificial Intelligence, Measurement and Evaluation and Independence of Judicial Discretion -- E Summary: between a 'Good' Measurement and a 'Bad' Measurement -- Chapter 11 Scientific Evidence in Courts of Law: An Overview -- Introduction -- A Brief History of Forensic Science and Its Legal Definition -- Categories of Forensic Evidence Admissible in Court -- 1 Footwear and Tire Impressions -- 2 DNA -- 3 Arson -- 4 Drugs/Narcotics -- 5 Explosives -- 6 Questioned Documents (QD) -- 7 Ballistics and Marks Comparisons -- 8 Trace Evidence -- 9 Pathology -- Procedures of Qualifying Forensic Evidence in U.S. Courts -- 1 Qualifying Forensic Methods -- 2 Qualifying the Expert -- 3 Qualifying the Examination -- 4 Case File -- 5 Proper Equipment -- 6 Quality Control -- 7 Drawing Conclusions -- 8 Challenging Forensic Testimony -- 9 Problems in Examinations -- Discussion and Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Part 3 Contemporary Challenges of Judicial Independence.

Chapter 12 Contemporary Challenges to Israeli Judiciary: Proposed Judicial Reform -- Introduction -- Wide Opposition to the Proposed Reforms -- The Explanatory Notes to the Draft Basic Law: the Judiciary -- My Recommendations: Seek Broad Consensus and Apply the Change in Next Knesset -- Legal Advisers -- The Course of the Legislative Process -- Necessary Constitutional Changes Regarding the Strengthening of the Judiciary -- Several Proposals to Amend the Basic Law: Judiciary-Ensuring the Independence of the Judiciary -- Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 13 Public Opinion and Public Trust in the Israeli Judiciary -- Introduction -- Theoretical Background -- The Judiciary, Judicial Review, and the Autonomy of Elected Officials -- The Research Method -- Trust in the Supreme Court: Findings, 2021 -- Trust in the Supreme Court: a Multivariate Analysis -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14 The Struggle for the Independence of the Judiciary in the Palestinian Authority -- A Introduction -- B Historical and Normative Background -- C The Tragic End of Chief Justice al-Sourani's Tenure (2005) -- D Abu-Sharar's First Term - the Court in Service of the President (2005-09) -- E The Farid Jallad Term: the Quiet Before the Storm (2009-14) -- F The Rise and Fall of Ali Mhanna: Open Warfare (2014-16) -- G Sami Sarsour's Struggles for Independence (2016) -- H Emad Saleem Sa'ad's Tenure, and the Legal Sector Development Committee (2016-19) -- I A Day of Revenge - Replacing the SJC and Retiring Senior Judges (2019-21) -- J Conclusion -- Chapter 15 The Legitimacy of Judge's Consultation with Colleagues and External Experts -- Introduction -- Judicial Consultation: the Case of Israel -- The Issue of Judicial Consultation and with Whom -- Consulting Judge's Clerk and Out-of-Court Persons -- Limits on Consulting other Judges in the Court.

Consulting Legislators -- The view of Jewish Law: an Obligation to Consult -- American Law Perspectives: Consultation with Another Judge Only -- Peer Consultation -- Conclusion -- Chapter 16 Challenging the Traditional System of Appointment of Judges to the Federal Supreme Court in Switzerland Confirmed -- Introduction: the Traditional System of Judicial Appointment -- Political Involvement in Judicial Selection -- Assessment of Judicial Independence in Switzerland -- Examples of Attempts of Political Influence -- Proposal for Amendment of the Swiss Constitution on Judicial Appointments -- The Opposition to Change in the Method of Appointing Judges -- Conclusion -- Part 4 ELI - Mount Scopus Project on Standards of Judicial Independence -- Chapter 17 The Significance of Developing International and European Standards of Judicial Independence: The eli Mt Scopus Project -- Chapter 18 European Standards of Judicial Independence - Lessons from the Court of Justice of the European Union -- I Judicial Independence as a Constitutional Principle of EU Law -- II Distinguishing Bad from Good Influences -- III Allowing a Margin of Appreciation -- IV Conclusions -- Chapter 19 Judicial Self-governing Bodies: Instruments of Independence or Path to Ossification? -- 1 Judicial Independence as an Essentially Contested Concept -- 2 Constitutional Sources as Instruments of a Preliminary Classification -- 3 Self-governing Bodies: from Constitutional Texts to Contexts -- 3.1 Some Cases from Eastern Europe -- 3.2 The Case of Italy -- 3.3 The Renzi - Palamara Saga -- 3.4 Drawing Some Conclusions from the Italian Story -- 4 Circulation of Models and Some Trends -- Chapter 20 Challenges to Judicial Structural Independence in Slovenia -- Introduction -- 1 Structural Independence of the Judiciary -- 2 Challenges to Structural Judicial Independence in Slovenia.

2.1 The Constitutional Problem.