Education in China and the World : : Achievements and Contemporary Issues.

• Author: Niancai, Liu.
• TeilnehmendeR: Zhuolin, Feng.; Wang, Qi, Ph. D.
• Place / Publishing House: Singapore : : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,, 2024.; ©2024.
• Year of Publication: 2024
• Edition: First edition.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (636 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- About the Editors -- Contributors -- Abbreviations -- 1 Education in China: An Introduction -- 1 An Overview of the Chinese Education System -- 1.1 Evolving Educational Goals in the Past Two Decades -- 1.2 The Education System -- 1.3 The Educational Development Since the Reform and Opening-Up in 1978 -- 2 Educational Scale in China -- 2.1 Literacy Level -- 2.2 Number of Schools by Educational Sector and Level -- 2.3 Number of Students by Educational Sector and Level -- 2.4 Number of Full-Time Teachers by Educational Sector and Level -- 3 Educational Resources in China -- 3.1 Overall Spending on Education -- 3.2 General Public Expenditure on Education -- 3.3 General Public Operating Expenditure on Education Per Student -- 3.4 School Infrastructure -- 4 Scientific Research in China -- 4.1 Scientific Research Development at China's HEIs -- 4.2 Research Performance of China's HEIs -- 5 Trends of Chinese Education -- 5.1 Trends in Educational Scale -- 5.2 Trends in Education Resources -- 5.3 Trends in HEIs' Scientific Research -- References -- 2 Elementary Education in China -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 The Establishment of Formal Elementary Education in China -- 1.2 Contemporary Elementary Education in China -- 2 Highlighting Data -- 2.1 Duration and Scale of Elementary Education -- 2.2 Gender Proportions Among Teachers in Elementary Education -- 2.3 Gross Enrollment Ratio of Elementary Education -- 2.4 The Proportion of Enrollment in Public Institutions -- 2.5 Government Expenditure on Elementary Education -- 2.6 Government Funding Per Elementary Student -- 2.7 Basic Facilities in Elementary Schools -- 2.8 Qualified Teachers -- 2.9 Student-Teacher Ratio and Class Size -- 2.10 Teacher Attrition Rate -- 2.11 Elementary Education Completion Rate.

2.12 Second and Third Graders Achieving at Least a Minimum Proficiency in Math and Reading -- 2.13 Survival Rate to Grade 4 -- 3 Excellence Indicators -- 3.1 Design -- 3.2 Definitions and Sources -- 3.3 Findings -- 3.4 Discussion -- 4 Best Practices -- 4.1 Emphasizing Teacher In-Service Professional Development -- 4.2 Dedicated to Students' Physical and Mental Well-Being -- 4.3 Advocating the Philosophy of Enjoying Learning, Enjoying Childhood -- 5 Inspiring Stories -- 5.1 Lai Xuanzhi: Cultivating World Champions from a Remote Village -- 5.2 Long Jihong: Empowering Individual Students -- 5.3 Yu Yedong: Sowing the Seeds of Science in Students' Hearts -- 6 Latest Research -- 6.1 An Overview of Research on Elementary Education in China -- 6.2 Research Focus and Originality -- 7 National Policies -- 7.1 Policy Development on Elementary Education in China -- 7.2 Current Policy Highlights -- 8 Summary -- References -- 3 Secondary Education (Middle School) in China -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Compulsory Education in China -- 1.2 Junior Secondary Education (Middle School) in China -- 2 Highlighting Data -- 2.1 Learning Time Per Week in Total -- 2.2 Economic, Social, and Cultural Status -- 2.3 Academic Literacy -- 2.4 Fear of Failure -- 2.5 Eudaemonia: Meaning in Life -- 2.6 Professional Development -- 2.7 Teacher Self-efficacy -- 2.8 Teacher Workload Stress -- 2.9 Shortage of Educational Materials -- 2.10 Shortage of Educational Staff -- 3 Excellence Indicators -- 3.1 Design -- 3.2 Definitions and Sources -- 3.3 Findings -- 3.4 Transformed Data Results -- 3.5 Discussion -- 4 Best Practices -- 4.1 Promoting Well-Rounded Education (Suzhi Education) Through Assessment Reform -- 4.2 Promoting High-Quality and Well-Balanced Education Through Teacher Rotation Program -- 4.3 Promoting Education Modernization Through Technology -- 5 Inspiring Stories.

5.1 Zhang Wanbo: Selfless Education Devoter -- 5.2 Feng Enhong: Brave Education Innovator -- 6 Latest Research -- 6.1 An Overview of Research on Junior Secondary Education in China -- 6.2 Research on School Subject Teaching and Learning -- 6.3 Research on Balanced Development of Junior Secondary Education -- 6.4 Research on Fostering Core Competencies for Student Success -- 7 National Policies -- 7.1 Policy Development on Junior Secondary Education in China -- 7.2 Relieving Students' Academic Burden -- 7.3 Current Policy Highlights -- 8 Summary -- References -- 4 Secondary Education (High School) in China -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Highlighting Data -- 2.1 Student-Teacher Ratio -- 2.2 Percentage of Teachers Qualified According to National Standards -- 2.3 Percentage of Teachers with a Bachelor's Degree or Higher -- 2.4 Teacher Attrition Rate -- 2.5 Total Expenditure Per Full-Time Equivalent Student, PPPs for GDP -- 2.6 Total Expenditure on Educational Institutions as a Percentage of GDP -- 2.7 Proportion of Schools with Access to Internet -- 3 Excellence Indicators -- 3.1 Design -- 3.2 Definitions and Sources -- 3.3 Findings -- 3.4 Discussion -- 4 Best Practices -- 4.1 Cultivation of Innovative Talents in Chinese High Schools -- 4.2 The Exploration of Liberal Education (Boya Jiaoyu) in Chinese High Schools -- 4.3 China's High School-Centered Education Groups for Educational Balance -- 5 Inspiring Stories -- 5.1 Zhang Guimei: Female Education in Rural China -- 5.2 Yu Yi: Making Education a Life-Long Mission -- 5.3 Bian Yuexia: Educator Fighting Against COVID-19 -- 6 Latest Research -- 6.1 General Overview -- 6.2 Research Topics -- 7 National Policies -- 7.1 Basic Policies -- 7.2 Key Policies -- 8 Summary -- References -- 5 Undergraduate Education (Benke) in China -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 History and Status of Undergraduate Education in China.

1.2 The Notion of World-Class Undergraduate Education -- 2 Highlighting Data -- 2.1 Size and Scales -- 2.2 Outline of Academic Disciplines -- 2.3 Faculty Development -- 2.4 Educational Expenditure -- 2.5 Infrastructure -- 2.6 Online Teaching and Learning -- 2.7 Public and Private Funding Resources -- 3 Excellence Indicators -- 3.1 Design -- 3.2 Definitions -- 3.3 Findings -- 3.4 Discussion -- 4 Best Practices -- 4.1 Advocating Independent, Cooperative and Inquiry-Based Learning Styles to Cultivate Top-Notch Undergraduate Talent -- 4.2 Improving Multi-level Teaching Evaluation Systems to Ensure the Quality of Undergraduate Education -- 4.3 Integrating Practice into Teaching and Learning to Enhance Undergraduate Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurial Skills -- 5 Inspiring Stories -- 5.1 Yao Chichi: Holding Primary Responsibilities of Teaching and Learning -- 5.2 Lin Yifu: Joy of Working with Elite Students -- 5.3 Wen Yumei: Nurturing Students with Heart -- 6 Latest Research -- 6.1 An Overview of Research on Undergraduate Education in China -- 6.2 Research Focus -- 6.3 Research Originality -- 7 Governmental Policies -- 7.1 General Policies -- 7.2 Recent Policy Highlights -- 8 Summary -- References -- 6 Graduate Education in China -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Highlighting Data -- 2.1 Number of Graduate Degrees Awarded -- 2.2 Total Enrollment of Graduate Students -- 2.3 Ratio of Doctoral Degrees to the Total Graduate Degrees -- 2.4 Workforce (25-64 Year-Olds) with Graduate Education Attainment -- 2.5 Student-Faculty Ratio -- 2.6 Number of International Students in Graduate Education -- 2.7 Research and Development (R&amp -- D) Funding in Higher Education -- 2.8 The Volume of Academic Research Publications -- 3 Excellence Indicators -- 3.1 Design -- 3.2 Definitions and Sources -- 3.3 Findings -- 3.4 Discussions -- 4 Best Practices.

4.1 Building a Systematic Quality Assurance System -- 4.2 Random Inspection of Master's and Doctoral Theses -- 4.3 Periodic Evaluation of the Degree-Granting Programs -- 4.4 Autonomy in Setting up Degree Programs -- 4.5 "Application-Review" Procedure for Recruiting Doctoral Students -- 5 Inspiring Stories -- 5.1 Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School: Facilitating the Growth and Innovation of China's Silicon Valley -- 5.2 University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: Progressing Along with National Strategic Development -- 6 Latest Research -- 6.1 Overview of the Chinese Graduate Education Research -- 6.2 Main Themes and Key Trends -- 7 National Policies -- 7.1 Foundational Policies -- 7.2 Recent Key Policies -- 8 Summary -- References -- 7 Professional Education in China -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Categories of Professional Degree -- 2 Highlighting Data -- 2.1 Professional Master's Student Enrollments in China -- 2.2 Professional Doctoral Student Enrollments in China -- 2.3 Professional Master's Degree Recipients in China -- 2.4 Professional Doctorate Recipients in China -- 2.5 Professional Education Development in China -- 2.6 Professional Master's Student Enrollments in China and the World -- 3 Excellence Indicators -- 3.1 Design -- 3.2 Definitions and Sources -- 3.3 Findings -- 3.4 Discussion -- 4 Best Practices -- 4.1 Hitting the Nail on the Head: Targeting Professional Education for Career Progression -- 4.2 Extending Featured Programs of Studies Based on Institution's History -- 4.3 Establishing High-Quality Professional Programs in Response to Social Needs -- 5 Inspiring Stories -- 5.1 Ding Zuyi: The Pioneer of Private Professional Education in China -- 5.2 Xu Xiaonian: Random Walking Between Academia and Industry -- 6 Latest Research -- 6.1 General Trends -- 6.2 Discussion -- 7 National Policies.

7.1 The Fundamental Policy.