International Economic Law with a Human Face.

• Author: Weiss, Friedl.
• TeilnehmendeR: Denters, Erik.; de Waart, Paul.
• Place / Publishing House: Boston : : BRILL,, 1998.; ©1998.
• Year of Publication: 1998
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (606 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Preface -- Table of Contents -- List of Authors -- Acknowledgements -- List of Abbreviations -- International economic law with a human face: An introductory review -- 1. About the book -- 2. International social critique of state practice -- 3. The structure of 'economic law with a human face' -- 3.1 Towards a new human and economic order -- 3.2 Trade, environmental protection and resource management -- 3.3 Investment and finance -- 4. Globalization of good governance and civil society -- 4.1 Definition of (good) governance -- 4.2 Definition of civil society -- 5. Globalization for the benefit of all -- PART I TOWARDS A NEW HUMAN AND ECONOMIC ORDER -- Chapter 1: The legal context: concepts, principles, standards and and institutions -- 1. Problems of environmental discipline -- 2. Sustainable development -- 3. General principles -- 4. Standards and institutions -- 5. Financing performance of developing-country undertakings -- 6. Tasks ahead -- Chapter 2: The erosion of state authority and its implications for equitable development -- 1. Declining state authority -- 2. The global market economy and its effect on state authority -- 3. The impact of international economic regimes -- 4. Transnational civil society -- 5. Micro-nationalism and localism -- 6. Failed states and illegal regimes -- 7. Is the state withering away? Should it? -- Chapter 3: Globalization and the future role of sovereign states -- 1. Historical perspective -- 2. The meaning of 'globalization' -- 3. The role of states in the global economy -- 4. Some idealistic views on the effects of globalization on the role of the state -- 5. Conclusions -- Chapter 4: Emerging state practice of democratic government with special reference to the Commonwealth and South Asia -- 1. Introduction.

2. Promotion of democracy, good governance and human rights -- 2.1 The Harare Declaration: the case for updating or amplification -- 2.2 The Harare declaration: implementation mechanisms -- 2.2.1 Support of processes and institutions -- 2.2.2 Response to violations -- 2.2.3 Implementation of measures -- 3. The 'Gandhi' Agenda for the worldwide promotion of human rights -- 3.1 Promoting participatory decision-making -- 3.2 Securing free elections -- 3.3 Interlinking peace, security and development -- 3.4 Upholding freedom of information -- 4. The emerging right to democratic government -- Chapter 5: Internationally recognized labour standards and trade -- 1. Introduction and Background -- 1.1 Preliminary remarks -- 1.2 Themes and issues -- 1.3 Terminology : 'International' v. 'Fair' labour standards -- 1.4 From Marrakesh to Singapore -- 2. Evolution of the link between trade and labour rights -- 2.1. From integrated to segregated standards and back -- 2.2 The impact of globalization -- 2.3 The 'link': ILO, GATT and unilateral state practice -- 3. The changing framework -- 3.1 Integrating separate concerns -- 3.2 Historical antecedents -- 3.2.1 From linkage to 'social policy conditionality' -- 3.2.2 The ITO connection -- 3.3 Labour in GATT practice -- 3.3.1 Proposals by contracting parties -- 3.3.2 U.S. request for a Working Party -- 3.3.3 Deliberations in GATT Councils -- 4. GATT Panel Practice -- 4.1 Adjudication without law? -- 4.2 Protection of domestic labour -- 4.3 Protection of foreign labour -- 4.3.1 Potential legal bases in GATT/WTO law -- 4.3.2 Implications of the 'Gasoline' Rulings -- 5. Standard Setting -- 5.1 Merits and demerits of the incorporation of standards -- 5.2 Selection of standards for a 'Social Clause' -- 5.3 Supervision of compliance -- 6. Concluding remarks.

Chapter 6: Quality of life at the mercy of WTO Panels: GATT's Article XX an empty shell? -- 1. Human rights in international trade -- 2. People(s) at the centre of development -- 3. Commitments of the Social Summit -- 4. Linking economic growth to human development -- 4.1 Human development agencies -- 4.1.1 FAO/IFAD -- 4.1.2 WHO -- 4.1.3 UNESCO -- 4.1.4 ILO -- 4.2 Economic growth agendes -- 4.2.1 WMO -- 4.2.2 IMF/World Bank -- 4.2.3 UNCTAD/UNIDO -- 4.2.4 WTO/WIPO -- 5. GATT's general exception clause -- 5.1 Protection of human life and health -- 5.2 WTO conservation of natural resources -- 6. Disputes on trade and (human) environment -- 6.1 Disputes on multilateral environmental agreements -- 6.2 Article XX an empty shell? -- Chapter 7: Development partnerships and development research: from advocacy to action/reflections on method -- 1. International law with a human face: a framework of inquiry -- 1.1 Participatory development -- 1.2 The principle of life long learning -- 1.3 New partnership between governments and people -- 2. The structure of development co-operation -- 2.1 The Arusha structure of development policies dialogues -- 2.2 Constitutional orders and scenarios of participatory development -- 2.3 One model of participation of non-state actors/institutions in democratization -- 2.4 The evolution of development theory -- 3. Conclusions -- Chapter 8: International trade and human rights from the perspective of the WTO -- 1. WTO's human rights dimension -- 1.1 Trade-related issues -- 1.2 Non-trade issues -- 2. Legal context -- 2.1 Trade-related norms -- 2.2 Non-trade norms -- 3. The influence of non-trade considerations in the WTO decision making processes -- 4. Conclusions -- PART II TRADE, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT -- Chapter 9: Rethinking states' rights to promote extra-territorial environmental values.

1. Extra-territorial environmental policies -- 2. Empirical background of claims and counterclaims -- 2.1 The protection of tropical forests -- 2.2 The EC eco-labelling scheme -- 2.3 Protection of animal welfare -- 2.4 Protection of endangered species -- 3. Compatibility of extra-environmental policies with general international law -- 3.1 The law of extra-territorial jurisdiction -- 3.2 The shield of sovereignty in WTO-law -- 4. Beyond sovereignty-based barriers to extra-territorial environmental policies: in search of legitimacy -- 4.1 A new effects-doctrine? -- 4.2 The effect of treaties on extra-territorial environmental policies -- 4.3 Extra-territorial environmental policies and affirmative duties -- 5. Conclusions -- Chapter 10: WTO rules supporting environmental protection -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The development of environmental-related activities before the Uruguay Round -- 3. Sustainable development in the WTO -- 3.1 The preamble of the Agreement establishing the WTO -- 3.2 Co-operation with environmental interest groups -- 3.2.1 GATT 1994 - principles and concepts -- 3.2.2 'Like Products' and environmental protection -- 3.3 Environmental exceptions -- 3.3.1 General conditions of Article XX -- 3.3.2 The specifities of Article XX (b): 'The Necessity Test' and domestic accompanying measures -- 3.4 Specific aspects under supplementary agreements -- 3.4.1 Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade -- 3.4.2 The Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures -- 3.4.3 The Agreement on Susidies and Countervailing Duties -- 3.4.4 The Agreement on Agriculture -- 3.4.5 The General Agreement on Trade in Services -- 3.4.6 The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights -- 4. Overall perspective.

Chapter 11: Sustainable development and the 1994 Energy Charter Treaty: between pseudo-action and the management of environmental investment risk -- 1. The call for global regulation -- 2. The 1994 Energy Charter Treaty: a summary -- 3. Article 19 of the Treaty: overall role and structure -- 3.1 Article 19 of the Treaty: Environmental Aspects -- 3.2 Empty declarations, sound policy advice and/or some legal effect? -- 4. Defence against environmental risk of foreign investment -- 4.1 Opposition of non-governmental groups -- 4.2 Association with intellectual and moral themes -- 4.3 Specific types of environmental investment risk -- 5. Managing environment-political risk with the Energy Charter Treaty -- 5.1 Environmentally motivated private actions -- 5.2 Contractual commitments -- 5.3 Non-discrimination and national treatment -- 6. Prudent approach towards environmental regulation -- 6.1 Considerable element of make-believe -- 6.2 Important arsenal of defensive measures -- 6.3 'Treaty with teeth' -- 6.4 Mobilization of the market place -- Chapter 12: Evolution and impact of sustainable development in the European Union -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Environmental policy statements -- 3. The EC Treaty after Maastricht -- 4. Public Participation without legal standing? -- 4.1 Public participation according to the Rio Declaration and Agenda 21 -- 4.2 Public participation within the European Union -- 4.2.1 Greenpeace v Commission (Case T-585/93) -- 4.2.2 French nuclear tests (Case T-219/95 R) -- 4.3 Suggestions for improvement -- 5. Principles of EC Environmental Policy and Law -- 6. Conclusions -- Chapter 13: External Relations and the periphery of EU environmental law -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The external environmental competences of the European Union -- 2.1 Autonomous actions -- 2.1.1 Regulations and directives -- 2.1.2 Trade-related environmental measures.

2.1.3 Common positions and joint actions.