A City Cannot Be a Work of Art : : Learning Economics and Social Theory from Jane Jacobs.

• Author: Ikeda, Sanford.
• Place / Publishing House: Singapore : : Palgrave Macmillan,, 2023.; ©2024.
• Year of Publication: 2023
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (409 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Book -- Contents -- About the Author -- List of Figures -- 1: Introduction -- 1 An Afternoon in "The Annex" -- 2 Encountering Jane Jacobs -- 3 What's in This Book -- Works Cited -- Part I: Economics and Social Theory -- 2: The Continuing Relevance of Jane Jacobs's Economics and Social Theory -- 1 Does Jane Jacobs Have a Coherent Analytical Framework? -- 2 What Is Different About This Book and Jacobs's Approach to Cities? -- 3 A Living City Is Not a Man-Made Thing -- 4 Why We Will Be Focussing on Public Space -- 4.1 Public Space Versus Private Space -- 4.2 What Goes on Within the Built Environment Can Be Planned or Unplanned -- 5 The City Is a Relevant Unit of Economic Analysis -- 6 Jane Jacobs, Economic Theorist -- 6.1 Jacobsian Economics -- 6.2 Where I Disagree with Jacobs -- 6.3 Jane Jacobs as an Economist -- 6.3.1 Economists on Jane Jacobs -- 6.3.2 What Is Economics? -- 6.4 Summary -- 7 Jane Jacobs, Market-Process Theorist -- 8 Concluding Thoughts -- Works Cited -- 3: A City Is Not a Man-Made Thing -- 1 The Nature of a Living City -- 1.1 Spontaneous Order and Organized Complexity -- 1.2 Fellow Travelers -- 1.3 Complexity and Radical Ignorance -- 2 What the Trade-off Might Look Like -- 3 The City as a Spontaneous Order -- 4 Living Cities Are Not Economically Efficient -- 5 Concluding Thoughts -- Works Cited -- Part II: Diversity, Social Networks, and Development -- 4: The Paradox of Urban Diversity and Cohesion -- 1 Microfoundations of Jacobsian Economics -- 1.1 What Does "Diversity" Mean? -- 1.2 The Generators of Land-Use Diversity -- 1.2.1 Two or More Primary Uses -- 1.2.2 Population Density -- 1.2.3 Short Blocks -- 1.2.4 The Need for Old, Worn-Down Buildings -- 2 Re-Thinking Jacobs's Four Generators of Diversity -- 2.1 Re-thinking "Mixed Primary Uses".

2.2 Re-thinking "Short Blocks" -- 2.3 Re-thinking "Old, Worn-Down Buildings" -- 2.4 Re-thinking "Population Density" -- 3 It Is the Interaction of These Factors That Generates Diversity -- 3.1 Diversity and Resilience -- 3.2 Safety and Diversity -- 4 How the Market Process Solves Jacobs's Problem of Diversity and Cohesion -- 4.1 Markets Turn Diversity into Complementarity -- 4.2 Entrepreneurship Is a Coordinating Force in the Market Process -- 5 Concluding Thoughts -- Works Cited -- 5: Social Networks and Action Space in Cities -- 1 Cities and the Market Process -- 1.1 Entrepreneurship -- 1.2 Extending the Boundaries of Market-Process Economics -- 2 Action Space and Social Networks -- 2.1 The Nature of Action Space -- 2.2 Density, Distance, and Structure -- 2.3 Population Density Versus Network Density -- 2.4 The Importance of Network Structure -- 2.5 Social Distance, Strength of a Tie, and Diversity -- 3 "Jacobs Density" -- 4 Connected or Trapped? -- 4.1 Norms -- 4.2 Trust -- 4.3 The Dynamics of Action Space -- 4.4 Behavioral Trust -- 4.5 Freedom and Competition -- 4.6 Unintended Consequences -- 5 Implications for Urban Design: Fostering Social Capital in Action Space -- 5.1 The Design of Public Spaces and Social Capital -- 5.2 Border Vacuums, Cataclysmic Money, and Visual Homogeneity Again -- 6 Concluding Thoughts -- Works Cited -- 6: The Life and Death of Cities -- 1 Cities and Economic Development -- 2 The Problems of Discovery and Diffusion -- 3 Solving the Problems of Discovery and Diffusion -- 4 Economic Freedom and Social Networks -- 5 The Process of Innovation: Parent Work and New Work -- 6 Economic Development via Import Replacement and Import Shifting -- 6.1 The Division of Labor as a Spontaneous Order -- 6.2 Innovation as a Process of Import Replacement and Shifting -- 6.3 A Digression on Tariffs.

6.4 The Inefficiency of Economic Development -- 7 The Self-Destruction of Diversity -- 8 Concluding Thoughts -- Works Cited -- Part III: Planning and Revitalization (and a Coda) -- 7: A Living City Is Messy (and What Not to Do About It) -- 1 Urbanization and Its Problems -- 2 The Constructivist Response: Large-Scale Approaches -- 2.1 Constructivism and "Cartesian Rationalism" -- 2.2 Kindred Spirits -- 2.3 The Consequences for Urban Design -- 3 Constructivist Theories of Urban Planning and Design -- 4 Classic Examples of Cartesian Planning in Practice -- 5 Concluding Thoughts -- Works Cited -- 8: Fixing Cities -- 1 Urban Interventions That Jacobs Criticizes -- 1.1 Functional Zoning -- 1.2 Rent Regulation and Inclusionary Zoning -- 1.2.1 Mandatory Inclusionary Zoning -- 1.2.2 Voluntary Inclusionary Zoning -- 1.2.3 Other Problems with Inclusionary Zoning -- 1.3 Housing for Low-Income Households -- 1.3.1 Jacobs's "Guaranteed Rent" Method for Subsidizing Housing -- 1.3.2 The Need for "Substandard" Housing -- 1.4 The Housing Problem Is Historically a Poverty Problem but Has Lately Become a Policy Problem -- 2 Market Urbanist Critiques from a Jacobsian Perspective -- 2.1 Building Codes -- 2.2 Mobility -- 2.3 Urban Sprawl -- 2.3.1 Sprawl, Historically Considered -- 2.3.2 Andrés Duany and Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk: "New Urbanism" as a Response to Sprawl -- 3 Policies Critiqued from a Purely Market Urbanist Perspective -- 3.1 Government-Sponsored Community Participation -- 3.2 Surveillance City -- 3.3 Public-Private Partnerships in the United States -- 3.4 Landmarking and Historic Preservation -- 4 Concluding Thoughts -- Works Cited -- 9: Cities of the Future -- 1 Broader Conceptual Lessons and Necessary Elaborations -- 1.1 Planning for Vitality -- 1.2 O-Judgments Versus S-Judgments -- 1.3 Governance Versus Government.

1.4 Kinds of Rules and Their Enforcement -- 1.4.1 Rule of Law and Negative Rules -- 1.4.2 Nomos and Thesis -- 2 Jacobs and Market Urbanism -- 3 Cities of the Future -- 3.1 Urban Revitalization -- 3.1.1 Shared Streets -- 3.1.2 Sandy Springs, Georgia -- 3.1.3 Cayalá, Guatemala City -- 3.2 City Building: Charter Cities and Startup Societies -- 3.2.1 Charter Cities -- 3.2.2 Startup Societies -- 3.3 Other Examples of Startup Societies -- 3.3.1 Gurgaon, India -- 3.3.2 Dubai, UAE, and Neom The Line -- 4 What Then Might a City Be? -- Works Cited -- 10: Coda -- 1 Elements of Jane Jacobs's Social Theory -- 2 Elements of Jane Jacobs's Economics -- 3 Elements of Jane Jacobs's Public Policy -- 4 Looking Ahead -- Works Cited -- Appendix to Chapter 5 -- Calculating Social Average Distances -- Network A -- Network B -- Appendix to Chapter 6 -- On the Need for Tariffs -- Appendix 1 to Chapter 9 -- Jane Jacobs and Classical Liberalism -- Appendix 2 to Chapter 9 -- Alain Bertaud on the Practical Problems of City Building -- Index.