Understanding and combatting African Swine Fever : : A European perspective / / edited by Laura Iacolina, Mary-Louise Penrith, and Silvia Bellini.

• TeilnehmendeR: Iacolina, Laura,; Penrith, Mary-Louise,; Bellini, Silvia,
• Place / Publishing House: Wageningen, Netherlands : : Wageningen Academic Publishers,, [2021]; ©2021
• Year of Publication: 2021
• Edition: First edition.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (312 pages)

The recent introduction and spread of African swine fever (ASF) into Europe and Asia has shown that an integrated, multidisciplinary effort is needed to tackle this disease and the complex challenges it poses. This book presents practical guidelines on surveillance for detection of ASF virus, how to prevent outbreaks in the domestic pig sector through biosecurity and cleaning and disinfection routines, including in backyard holdings, and how to control and eradicate this disease in wild boar. Information on pathological lesions and diagnostic practices are provided to support practitioners. Virus infection mechanisms and the consequent host immune response are reported together with an overview on the status of vaccine and treatment development. Information on ASF epidemiology and the European wild boar and domestic pig populations is presented to assist breeders, wildlife managers and policy makers in designing practices aimed at preventing, or controlling and eradicating, this disease. The book provides currently available knowledge in a single place, and identifies knowledge gaps, prompting policy makers and funding bodies to support the scientific community in investigating the gaps.

Table of Contents

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Prof. D. Gavier-Widén -- Table of contents -- 1. African swine fever (ASF), the pig health challenge of the century -- C. Martins1*, F.S. Boinas1, L. Iacolina2,3, F. Ruiz-Fons4 and D. Gavier-Widén5,6 -- 1.1 Where ASF-STOP comes from -- 1.2 Where ASF-STOP stands -- 1.3 What ASF-STOP paved the way for -- References -- 2. African swine fever virus: cellular and molecular aspects -- A. Urbano1, J.H. Forth2, A.S. Olesen3, L. Dixon4, T.B. Rasmussen5, G. Cackett6, F. Werner6, A. Karger7, G. Andrés8, X. Wang9, D. Perez-Nuñez8, I. Galindo10, A. Malogolovkin11, Y. Revilla8, C. Alonso10, C. Gallardo12, S. Blome2, E. Arabyan13, H. Zakaryan13 -- 2.1 General features of African swine fever virus -- 2.2 Genome, phylogeny and evolution of African swine fever virus -- 2.3 African swine fever virus transcription and transcriptomics -- 2.4 The proteome of African swine fever virus-infected cells -- 2.5 Structure and composition of the infectious African swine fever virus particle -- 2.6 Infection and replication of African swine fever virus at cellular level -- 2.7 African swine fever virus-pig interactions -- 2.8 Antiviral agents against African swine fever virus -- References -- 3. Immune responses against African swine fever virus infection -- M. Montoya1*, G. Franzoni2, D. Pérez-Nuñez3, Y. Revilla3, I. Galindo4, C. Alonso4, C.L. Netherton5 and U. Blohm6 -- 3.1 Introduction to anti-viral immune responses -- 3.2 Innate immunity: the first line of defence -- 3.3 Humoral responses against African swine fever virus upon infection -- 3.4 Cellular response against African swine fever virus upon infection -- 3.5 Immunity unknowns -- References -- 4. Pathology of African swine fever -- P.J. Sánchez-Cordón1,2*, B. Vidaña1,3, A. Neimanis4, A. Núñez1, E. Wikström4 and D. Gavier-Widén4,5 -- 4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Clinical signs and forms of African swine fever -- 4.3 Macroscopic lesions -- 4.4 Virus replication, spread and associated changes -- 4.5 Microscopic lesions and pathogenic mechanisms -- References -- 5. Methods for African swine fever diagnosis in clinical and environmental samples -- C. Gallardo1, P. Sastre2, P. Rueda2, A.P. Gerilovych3, M. Kit3, I. Nurmoja4 and M.F. Le Potier5* -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Sample collection -- 5.3 Internationally prescribed African swine fever diagnostic tests -- 5.4 Front-line African swine fever diagnostic tests -- 5.5 Some considerations on African swine fever diagnosis -- 5.6 African swine fever virus detection in raw and processed pork products -- 5.7 Biosafety aspects of sampling African swine fever virus-infected material -- References -- 6. African swine fever vaccines -- C.L. Netherton -- 6.1 Introduction and classic approaches to vaccination -- 6.2 The recombinant revolution: targeted gene deletion -- 6.3 Subunit vaccines: unfulfilled early promise -- 6.4 Disabled infectious single cycle African swine fever vaccines -- 6.5 Conclusions -- References -- 7. The pig sector in the European Union -- S. Bellini -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 The pig sector in the European Union -- 7.3 Characteristics of pig farming in the European Union -- 7.4 Husbandry and management system in pig farms -- 7.5 EU classification of pig holdings in relation to African swine fever and biosecurity -- 7.6 Change in trends and consumer's demands -- References -- 8. Management of wild boar populations in the European Union before and during the ASF crisis -- F. Jori1*, G. Massei2, A. Licoppe3, F. Ruiz-Fons4, A. Linden5, P. Václavek6, E. Chenais7 and C. Rosell8 -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Current knowledge of wild boar populations in the EU -- 8.3 Overabundance of wild boar population and its consequences.

8.4 Reducing wild boar population numbers in the absence of African swine fever -- 8.5 Methods influencing wild boar movement and behaviour -- 8.6 Management of wild boar populations applied in the context of African swine fever control -- 8.7 Disease management methods applied to wild boar populations -- 8.8 Need for future research -- 8.9 Final remarks -- References -- 9. African swine fever epidemiology, surveillance and control -- A. Viltrop1, F. Boinas2, K. Depner3, F. Jori4,5, D. Kolbasov6, A. Laddomada7, K. Ståhl8 and E. Chenais8* -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Susceptibility of Suidae -- 9.3 Epidemiological parameters -- 9.4 The role of wild boar in African swine fever epidemiology -- 9.5 Historic and present African swine fever epidemics in Europe -- 9.6 Regulatory framework for prevention and control of African swine fever in the EU -- 9.7 Final remarks -- References -- 10. Biosecurity measures against African swine fever in domestic pigs -- M. Martínez1, A. de la Torre1, J.M. Sánchez-Vizcaíno2 and S. Bellini3* -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Relevant measures to prevent the spread of African swine fever in the domestic pig sector -- 10.3 Minimum biosecurity measures for commercial pig farms -- 10.4 Minimum biosecurity measures for non-commercial pig farms -- 10.5 Minimum biosecurity measures for outdoor pig holdings -- References -- 11. Cleaning and disinfection in the domestic pig sector -- M. Štukelj1*, J. Prodanov-Radulović2 and S. Bellini3 -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 African swine fever virus characteristics -- 11.3 Cleaning and disinfection protocol -- 11.4 Procedure for cleaning and disinfection -- 11.5 Manure -- References -- 12. Conclusions -- D. Gavier-Widén1,2*, S. Bellini3, E. Chenais1, F. Ferreira4, F. Jori5, M.F. Le Potier6, M. Montoya7, C.L. Netherton8, P.J. Sánchez-Cordón9,10, K. Ståhl1 and L. Iacolina11,12.

12.1 Summary and conclusions.