The Dilemma of Energy Security : : Political and Institutional Hazards in Case of Pakistan (1947-2020) / / Asia Mukhtar.

• VerfasserIn: Mukhtar, Asia,
• Place / Publishing House: Leiden, The Netherlands : : Koninklijke Brill NV,, [2023]; ©2023
• Year of Publication: 2023
• Edition: First edition.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (338 pages)

"Energy Security has emerged as a critical issue in the field of International Relations. Focusing on the case of Pakistan this book attempts to establish the main actors, dynamics, and contributing elements in the exacerbating energy security situation of the country. The Author supports that clean energy generation sources are abundantly available yet remain unutilized in the Pakistani situation. How much can South Asian Geopolitics and Pakistan's Partition be blamed for this Energy Security crisis? What political and institutional elements have profoundly deteriorated this situation? This volume highlights the challenges and opportunities regarding the country's Energy Security"-- Provided by publisher.

Table of Contents

Intro -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- Illustrations -- Figures -- Tables -- Introduction -- 1 The Concept of 'Energy Security and the Field of International Relations -- 1 The Implications of the Concept of Energy Security for the South Asian Region and Pakistan -- 1 The Implications of the 'Security Theory' for the Field of Energy Security -- 2 The stance of main theories of IR on the concept of energy security -- 2.1 Realism -- 2.2 Neorealism -- 2.3 Copenhagen School Approach -- 2.4 Liberalism -- 2.5 Neoliberalism -- 2.6 Institutionalism -- 3 The Inevitable Link between Security Theory and Concept of Energy Security -- 4 Energy Insecurity Concept and International Relations -- 5 Energy Security Dilemma of South Asia -- 5.1 Increase in Demand -- 5.2 Increase in Prices -- 5.3 Increase in Foreign Dependency -- 6 Pakistan's Energy Security in Focus -- 2 The Historical Context of Pakistan's Energy Insecurity (1947-1999) -- 1 Phase I: Energy Insecurity of Pakistan (1947-1977) -- 2 Major Developments in Main Energy Sectors (1947-1977) -- 3 An Analysis of Energy Sector in Five Year Plans (1947-77) -- 4 Phase II: Energy Insecurity Narrative of Pakistan (1977-99) -- 5 Major Developments in Main Energy Sectors (1977-1999) -- 3 Pakistan's Energy Security Scenario on the Onset of the 21st Century -- 1 Inherent Policy Barriers to the Pakistan's Energy Security -- 1.1 Water Insecurity -- 1.2 Thermal Reliability -- 1.3 Failure in Nuclear Power Energy Generation -- 1.4 Negligence of Renewable Energy Resources -- 1.5 Lack of Long Term and Coherent Energy Planning -- 4 A Critique of Prevailing Policies and Practices in the Energy Sector of Pakistan -- 1 Energy Crisis of 2008: Challenges and Implications -- 2 The National Energy Policy (2013-2018) -- 2.1 Efficiency -- 2.2 Competition -- 2.3 Sustainability.

3 Strategies to Meet the Goals of National Energy Policy (2013-2018) -- 3.1 The Strategy of the Supply Side -- 3.2 The Strategy of the Demand Side -- 3.3 Strategy of Affordability -- 3.4 The Strategy of Supply Chain -- 3.5 The Strategy of Power Generation -- 3.6 The Strategy of Transmission -- 3.7 Strategy of Distribution -- 3.8 The Strategy of Financial Efficiency -- 3.9 The Strategy of Governance -- 3.10 Strategy of Prioritization -- 4 An Analysis of the Outcomes of the Energy Policy (2013-2018) -- 4.1 Established Energy Projects during 2013-2018 -- 4.2 Oil Sector -- 4.3 Gas Sector -- 4.4 Coal Sector -- 4.5 Electricity -- 4.6 Renewable Energy Sources -- 4.7 Nuclear Power Projects -- 5 Comparative Analysis of the Energy Policies of Zardari and Nawaz Sharif Era -- 5.1 Oil Sector -- 5.2 Natural Gas Sector -- 5.3 Coal Sector -- 5.4 Electricity Generation Sector -- 5.5 Nuclear Energy Sector -- 6 Present Energy Mix of Pakistan -- 7 Realities of Energy Mix and Present Power Generation Capacity of Pakistan -- 8 Present Share of Energy Resources in Electricity Generation -- 9 Electricity Consumption Patterns in Different Consumer Sectors -- 9.1 Oil Sector (Petroleum Product) -- 9.2 Natural Gas Sector -- 9.3 Nuclear Energy Sector -- 9.4 Coal Sector -- 9.5 Shifting to Renewable/Clean Energy -- 10 Pakistan's Energy Forecast (2021-2030) -- 5 Pakistan in Context: A Comparative Analysis of Energy Security Profile of South Asian Countries -- 1 Afghanistan -- 2 India -- 3 Maldives -- 4 Bhutan -- 5 Nepal -- 6 Sri Lanka -- 7 Bangladesh -- 8 Pakistan -- 9 Regional Energy Security Milieu of South Asian -- 9.1 Renewable Energy: Issues and Prospects -- 10 Prospects of Inter-State Energy Trade in South Asia -- 10.1 The Volume of Trade -- 11 Mapping the Prospects and Challenges for Energy Cooperation under SAARC -- 11.1 Cross-Border Power Trade.

11.2 Inter-Regional and Intra-Regional Trade -- 11.3 Challenges and Barriers -- 11.4 Restricted Focus on Renewable Energy -- 11.5 Lack of Energy Trade -- 11.6 Inter-Regional Relations -- 11.7 Inter-Regional Trade Regulation -- 11.8 Operational and Capital Cost of Cross-Border Transmission Network -- 11.9 India's Approach to Bilateralism -- 11.10 Realities and Future Plans -- 12 Complexities and Possibilities for Pakistan in the Regional Energy Cooperation -- 6 Pakistan's Energy Insecurity: The Way Forward -- 1 Major Findings -- 2 Suggestions -- Appendix I: Interviews -- Appendix I -A Interview No 1 -- Appendix I-B Interview No. 2 -- Appendix I-C Interview No. 3 -- Appendix I-D Interview No. 4 -- Engineer Saleem's Interview -- Appendix I-E Interview No. 5 -- Importance of Indus Water Treaty and its Justification -- India's Manipulation of the Treaty -- Water Wars -- Kashmir and its Link to Water Issues -- Indus Water Treaty II -- Kalabagh Dam -- Societal Changes -- Baglihar / Kishanghanga Dam -- Water -A priority Concern? -- Recommendations -- Appendix I-F Interview No. 6 -- Importance of Water for Both India and Pakistan -- Was Indus Water Treaty (IWT) a fair treaty? -- Options for Pakistan? -- Climate Change? -- Treaty Manipulation -- Baglihar / Kishnaghanga Dam -- Relation of Water with Kashmir -- Kalabagh Dam -- Future of Agriculture Sector -- Indus Water Treaty II? -- Highlighting by Media of Importance of Water in the 21st Century, in Pakistan -- What is the possibility of India and Pakistan going to war on Water? -- Transparency of Data Sharing -- Interview No. 7 -- Appendix I-G Iqbal Mehdi- -- Interviewer's recap -- Appendix: II Interview and Survey Questionnaires -- References -- Index.