Zimbos Never Die? : : Negotiating Survival in a Challenged Economy, 1990s To 2015.

• Superior document: African Social Studies Series ; v.47
• Author: Kufakurinani, Ushehwedu.
• TeilnehmendeR: Kushinga Makombe, Eric.; Chimhete, Nathaniel.; Nyambara, Pius.
• Place / Publishing House: Boston : : BRILL,, 2023.; ©2023.
• Year of Publication: 2023
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Series: African Social Studies Series
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (380 pages)

This book provides empirical evidence that answers the question, how have Zimbabweans survived? The Title Zimbos Never Die? is deliberately a question mark because we do not seek to valorise or overstate Zimbabweans' resilience, for in this battle for survival, some succumbed.

Table of Contents

Intro -- Contents -- Foreword -- Images, Figures and Tables -- Images -- Figures -- Tables -- Abbreviations -- Notes on Contributors -- 1 Towards the Zimbabwean Crises -- 1 Step 1: The Illusion of Growth, 1980-1989 -- 2 Step 2: Structural Adjustment and Economic Delinquency, 1990-1999 -- 3 Step 3: War Veterans' Gratuities and the Democratic Republic of Congo War -- 4 Step 4: The Fast Track Land Reform Programme and Quasi-Fiscal Economics -- 5 Step 5: Pulling out of the GNU -- 6 Auditing the Costs: New Lows and New Records -- 7 Zimbos Never Die? A Conceptual Viewpoint -- 8 Conclusion -- Part 1 Surviving on the Margins: Informal Spaces -- 2 Mupedzanhamo: Spatial Struggles and Displacements, Harare Flea Markets c. 1994-2013 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Spatial History of Flea Markets in Harare, 1994-2005 -- 3 Mupedzanhamo, the Music Industry and 'Operation Drive Out the Dirt' -- 4 Flea Markets, Operation Murambatsvina and Urban Displacements, 2005 -- 5 City-State Relations, Captive Support Bases, and Struggles over Flea Markets, 2002-2013 -- 6 Ghetto Fashionistas: Mupedzanhamo Markets and Ideas of Femininity -- 7 Conclusion -- Interviews -- 3 Gold Panning and Survival in Insiza District, 1990-2009 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Rise of Gold Panning in Insiza District -- 3 The Penalty for Survival -- 4 Conclusion -- Interviews -- Additional Sources -- 4 Vending as Survival: Street Trading in Harare's CBD, 1990s to 2015 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 From Crisis to Crisis: Post-Independence Disillusionment -- 3 Negotiating Market Woes: From Controlled to Illegal Vending, the 1990s to 2000 -- 4 Intensifying Crisis and the Changing Vendor Economy in the New Millennium -- 5 The Street is a Jungle: Battling Losses and the Police -- 6 City Authorities and the Vending 'Menace' -- 7 Conclusion -- Interviews -- 5 Small-Scale Tobacco Growers in Mashonaland East, 2003-2013.

1 Introduction -- 2 The FTLRP and the Origins of Smallholder Settler Farmers in Mashonaland East -- 3 Tobacco Contract Farming in Zimbabwe: The Wider Context -- 4 Beating the Odds -- 4 Successful Farmers: Case Studies -- 4.1 John Munande -- 4.2 Fabrison Jonasi -- 4.3 Anold Chidendere -- 4.4 Morris Chinoda -- 5 Smallholder Tobacco Production and the Environment -- 6 Measures to Arrest Deforestation -- 7 Conclusion -- Interviews -- Part 2 State and Non-State Institutions in Zimbabwe's Challenged Economy -- 6 Missionary Public Health Service in Zimbabwe under Economic Fragility, 1990-2013 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Mission Hospitals in the Colonial Period -- 3 The Post-Colonial State and Public Health Delivery in Zimbabwe, 1980-1990 -- 4 Economic Liberalisation and Health Delivery in the 1990s -- 5 Crisis, Mission Hospitals and Health Delivery, 2000-2013 -- 6 Human Resources Crisis, Drug Shortages and the Urban-Rural Drift -- 7 Budgetary Crisis and Public Health Funding -- 8 Financing HIV/AIDS Programmes -- 9 Conclusion -- Interviews -- 7 Hyper-Inflation and Social Security Provision in Zimbabwe, 2000-2009 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Hyper-Inflationary Environment -- 3 Impact on Contributions -- 4 Impact on Beneficiaries and Benefits -- 5 WCIF Beneficiaries and Benefits -- 6 Survival Strategies Adopted by the NSSA -- 7 Financial and Investment Strategies -- 8 Corporate Services and Human Resource Strategies -- 9 Conclusion -- 8 Policing the State: The Army and the Preservation of 'Peace and Order' in Zimbabwe, c. 1997-2008 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Historiographical Reflections and Methodology -- 3 Civil-Military Relations, 1980-1999 -- 4 Sovereignty, the Final Push and Army Policing Duties, 2003 -- 5 The 2008 Elections and Army Violence -- 6 Conclusion -- Court Cases -- 9 Banking Institutions' Survival Strategies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background.

3 The Operating Environment and Role of the RBZ -- 4 Banking Functions and Regulation: Statements by Zimbabwe Bank Officials -- 5 Beyond the Local: International Sentiments (WB, IMF and the ADB) -- 6 A Deep-Seated Crisis -- 7 Remittances -- 8 Zimbabwean Banking Institutions and the Rise of 'Money Burning' -- 9 Conclusion -- Interviews -- 10 'From Zero to Hero'?: Economic Crisis, the Zimbabwean State and Currency Redenomination -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Zimbabwean Economic and Political Context -- 3 The RBZ and the Zimbabwean Economic Crisis: Operation Sunrise or Sunset? -- 4 The Currency Crisis and Redenomination: A Hydra-Headed Monster -- 5 Mechanics of Currency Redenomination -- 6 Conclusion -- 11 'Reviving the Education Sector?' -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Context and Overview of Incentives and the Education Sector -- 3 The State of the Education Sector prior to the Introduction of Monetary Incentives -- 4 The Application of the Incentive System: Circular Minute 5 of 2009 -- 5 The Impact of the Incentive System in HUS -- 6 Conclusion -- Interviews -- Part 3 Borders and Survival -- 12 Migrant Discourses -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Transnationalism -- 3 Return -- 4 Background -- 5 The Economic and Political Development of Zimbabwe Since Independence -- 6 Data Collection and the Research Process -- 7 Narratives of 'Success': Skilled and Unskilled Migrants Who Have Returned or Intend to Return to Zimbabwe to Live Out Their Retirement -- 8 Unskilled and Successful Migrants -- 9 Perceptions and Realities: Life in the UK -- 10 Success as defined by the Ability to Secure Generational Access to the UK -- 11 Migrants Who are Perceived to Have Disappointed Their Sponsors and Relatives -- 12 Marrying 'Badly' -- 13 Appearances of Success: Marital Strain and Separate Living and Working as a Solution to Marital Problems.

13.1 D and J: Spouses Living and Working in Different Cities in the UK -- 13.2 J2 and A2: Spouses Working and Living in Different Cities in the UK -- 14 Conclusion -- 13 Human and Commodity Smuggling across the Zimbabwe-South Africa Border, 2000-2009 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Crisis in Zimbabwe and the Rise of Smuggling -- 3 Borderlands and Smuggling: A Conceptual and Historical Overview -- 4 Border Jumping and People and Goods Smuggling: Actors and Clients -- 5 Commodity Smuggling at Beitbridge Border Post -- 6 The State Response to Smuggling -- 7 Conclusion -- Interviews -- 14 The Dynamics of Cotton -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background: Contextualising Cross-Border Trade -- 3 Cotton Production in Zimbabwe and Mozambique: Key Players -- 4 The Allure of the US Dollar: Cotton 'Smuggling' along the Border -- 5 Conclusion -- Interviews -- Index.