Straits used for international navigation : : a Spanish perspective / / José A. de Yturriaga.

• Superior document: Publications on Ocean Development
• VerfasserIn: Yturriaga, José Antonio de,
• Place / Publishing House: Dordrecht, Netherlands ;, Boston, Massachusetts : : Martinus Nijhoff,, [1991]; ©1991
• Year of Publication: 1991
• Language: English
• Series: Publications on Ocean Development
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (389 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Preface -- List of Abbreviations -- Table of Contents -- PART ONE: INTRODUCTION. DEFINITION OF STRAITS USED FOR INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION -- I.- Geographical element -- II.- Legal element -- III.- Functional element -- IV.- United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea -- PART TWO: HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT -- Chapter One: Period prior to the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea -- I.- Antecedents -- 1.- Traditional doctrine -- 2.- 1930 The Hague Conference -- 3.- ICJ Judgment on the Corfu Channel Case -- II.- First United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea -- 1.- Maritime navigation -- 2.- Air navigation -- 3.- Breadth of the territorial sea -- III.- Second United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea -- IV.- Phase prior to the convening of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea -- 1.- Incident of the Vilkitsky Straits -- 2.- United States position on straits -- 3.- Soviet Union position on straits -- 4.- American-Soviet agreement on straits -- 5.- Spain's position on straits -- Chapter Two: The Sea-Bed Committee as Preparatory Committee for the Conference -- I.- Convening of the Conference -- II.- List of Subjects and Issues Relating to the Law of the Sea -- III.- Proposals and Positions -- 1.- Proposals favouring freedom of passage -- (a) United States' proposal -- (b) Soviet Union's proposal -- 2.- Proposals favouring innocent passage -- (a) Spain's position -- (b) Other Strait-States' positions -- (c) Spain's Memorandum on Straits -- (d) Eight Strait-States' proposal -- (e) Fiji's proposal -- 3.- Other proposals -- (a) Malta's proposal -- (b) Italy's proposal -- IV.- Debate on the legal regime applicable to the Strait of Gibraltar -- 1.- The 3-mile territorial sea position -- 2.- Ad hoc international legal regime.

Chapter Three: Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea -- I.- General debate and proposals -- 1.- Proposals favouring freedom of passage -- (a) Socialist States' proposal -- (b) United States' position -- (c) United Kingdom's proposal -- 2.- Proposals favouring innocent passage -- (a) Spain's proposal -- (b) Strait-States' proposal -- (c) Fiji's proposal -- 3.- Other positions and proposals -- (a) Positions of third States -- (b) Denmark/Finland's proposal -- (c) Algeria's proposal -- II.- Informal Single Negotiating Text -- 1.- Prior negotiations -- (a) Proposal by a Private Group on Straits -- (b) Strait-States' proposal -- 2.- Informal Single Negotiating Text -- 3.- Amendments to the ISNT -- III.- Revised Single Negotiating Text -- 1.- Prior negotiation and adoption -- 2.- Amendments to the RSNT -- IV.- Informal Composite Negotiating Text -- 1.- Prior negotiations and adoption -- 2.- Amendments to the ICNT -- 3.- Spain's Memorandum Concerning Overflight of Straits -- 4.- Revisions of the ICNT -- 5.- United States-Spain Consultations -- V.- United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea -- 1.- Amendments to the Draft Convention on the Law of the Sea -- 2.- Adoption of the Convention -- 3.- Spain's Declaratory Statements -- 4.- Other Declaratory Statements -- PART THREE: LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONVENTION -- Chapter Four: Regime of transit passage for maritime navigation -- I.- Definition of the regime -- 1.- Definition of transit passage -- 2.- Elements of transit passage -- (a) Freedom of navigation and overflight -- (b) Purpose of the transit -- (c) Applicable regulations -- II.- Rights of the coastal States -- 1.- Regulatory powers -- (a) Regulation of maritime traffic and safety of navigation -- (b) Protection and preservation of the marine environment -- (c) Other regulatory powers -- 2.- Enforcement powers.

(a) Exercise of enforcement power in case of marine pollution -- (b) Common understanding regarding the Straits of Malacca and Singapore -- (c) Conditions for the exercise of enforcement powers -- (d) Exercise of enforcement powers in case of maritime casualties -- III. Rights of passing ships -- 1.- Right of transit passage -- 2.- Passage of submarines -- IV.- Duties of the coastal States -- V.- Duties of passing ships -- 1.- Conditions of the transit -- (a) Transit without delay -- (b) No use of force -- (c) Compliance with the provisions of the Convention -- (d) Safety at sea and pollution from ships -- 2.- Responsibility and liability -- Chapter Five: Regime of transit passage for air navigation -- I.- Rights of the coastal States -- II. Rights of passing aircraft -- III.- Duties of the coastal States -- IV.- Duties of passing aircraft -- 1.- Conditions of the transit -- (a) Transit without delay -- (b) No use of force -- (c) Observation of the Rules of the Air -- (d) Radio monitoring -- 2.- Responsibility and liability -- Chapter Six: Regime of innocent passage -- I.- Definition of the regime -- 1.- Identification of the straits to which the regime applies -- 2.- Definition of innocent passage and precision of the concept -- II.- Rights of the coastal States -- 1.- Regulatory powers -- (a) Regulation of maritime traffic and safety of navigation -- (b) Protection and preservation of the marine environment -- (c) Marine scientific research -- (d) Other regulatory powers -- 2.- Enforcement powers -- III.- Rights of passing ships and aircraft -- 1.- Rights of passing ships -- 2.- Rights of passing aircraft -- IV.- Duties of the coastal States -- V.- Duties of passing ships and aircraft -- 1.- Duties of passing ships -- (a) Conditions of the passage -- (b) Responsibility and liability -- 2.- Duties of passing aircraft.

PART FOUR: CRITICAL APPRAISAL AND CONCLUSIONS -- I.- Change of the regime of navigation through straits -- II.-Regime of innocent passage -- III.-Regime of transit passage -- 1.- Maritime navigation -- 2.- Air navigation -- IV.- Repercussion of the new regime of transit passage in Spain -- V.- Applicability of the new regime of transit passage of the Convention -- 1.- Relations of the Convention with other existing treaties -- 2.- Formation of customary norms -- 3.- State practice of supporters of the regime of transit passage -- (a) United States -- (b) Soviet Union -- (c) United Kingdom -- (d) France -- (e) Australia -- (f) Japan -- (g) South Korea -- (h) German Democratic Republic -- 4.- State practice of supporters of the regime of innocent passage -- (a) Malaysia -- (b) Morocco -- (c) Greece -- (d) Iran -- (e) Oman -- (f) Yemen -- (g) Philippines -- (h) Yugoslavia -- (i) Democratic Yemen -- (j) Egypt -- (k) Indonesia -- 5.- Conclusions -- ANNEX: SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY -- I.-Books -- II.-Articles -- III.- Reference books and documents -- Index of Names -- Subject Index -- Publications on Ocean Development.