Nature, Man and God in Medieval Islam : : Volume Two.

• VerfasserIn: Calverley, Edwin,
• TeilnehmendeR: Pollock, James.
• Place / Publishing House: : : BRILL,, 2022.; ©2002.
• Year of Publication: 2022
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (478 pages)

A contemporary to Thomas Aquinas in Latin Catholic Italy, and with a parallel motivation to stabilize each his own civilization in its flux and storm, 'Abd Allah Baydawi of Ilkhan Persia wrote a compact and memorable Arabic Summation of Islamic Natural and Traditional Theology. With the same st...

Table of Contents

• Intro
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• BOOK TWO REALITIES DIVINE
• Section 1: The essence of God
• Chapter 1: Comprehensive knowledge about God
• 1. Invalidation of circular and infinite series arguments
• 2. Proof for the existence of the Necessary Existent
• 3. Experiential knowledge of God's essence
• Chapter 2: Qualities not properly attributable to God
• 1. Exclusion of resemblance between God's reality and any other being
• 2. Exclusion of corporeality and regionality
• The argument of the corporealists
• 3. Exclusion of union and incarnate indwelling
• 4. Exclusion of temporal phenomena from subsistence in God
• 5. Exclusion of sensate qualities
• Chapter 3: Doctrine of the divine singularity
• 1. Arguments of the Muslim philosophers and of the Mutakallimun
• Section 2: The attributes of God
• Chapter 1: Established attributes, the basis of God's acts
• 1. God's omnipotence in autonomous action
• Divine omnipotence related to some problems of logic
• God's omnipotence in autonomous action is over all possible realities
• 2. God's ever-present omniscience
• An argument at variance
• Corollary l: God comprehends all intelligibles
• Corollary 2: God's 'knowledge' and 'power' are entities distinct from Himself
• 3. God's living nature
• 4. God's will
• God's will is not a temporal phenomenon
• Chapter 2: Other attributes, not the basis of God's acts
• 1. God's hearing and sight
• 2. God's speech
• God's spoken word is truthful
• 3. God's immortality
• 4. Other qualities that al-Ash'ari named attributes
• 5. God's production of being
• 6. God's beatific visibility to believers in the hereafter
• Mu'tazilah arguments at variance
• Section 3: The acts of God and the acts of mankind [by topics]
• 1. On the acts of mankind
• Mu 'tazilah doctrine, "Autonomy" in human acts.
• Asha 'irah doctrine, "Compulsion" in human acts
• 2. God is the agency that wills moral phenomena in all creatures
• 3. On predicating the good and the heinous
• 4. God is under no obligation whatsoever
• 5. God's acts are not based on hidden purposes
• 6. Obligations imposed are God's notice to humankind of a final life evaluation
• BOOK THREE REALITIES PROPHETIC
• Section 1: Prophethood [by topics]
• 1. Mankind's need for the Prophet
• 2. The possibility of miracles [in psychology and religion]
• 3. The prophethood of the Prophet Muhammad
• Refutation of the Brahmans' doctrine on the intellect
• Refutation of the Jews' doctrine on the Mosaic Law
• 4. The blamelessness of the prophets
• Blamelessness is a psychic possession preventing iniquity
• 5. The prophets are superior to the angels
• 6. The signs of divine favor [given to saints and prophets]
• Section 2: The resurrection assembly and the recompense [by topics]
• 1. Restoration of the vanished nonexistent
• 2. The Resurrection Assembly of human bodies
• Whether the body's atomic particles actually will be annihilated then restored
• 3. The Garden and the Fire
• The Garden and the Fire are created entities
• 4a. The Mu'tazilah on reward and punishment
• 4b. The Asha 'irah on reward and punishment
• 5. Pardon and intercession for those guilty of the dreadful great sins
• 6. Certainty of earned torment in the grave
• 7. Other traditional doctrines
• 8. The terms 'faith' and 'evidential practice' in the religious code
• Section 3: The supreme leadership of the Muslim community [by topics]
• 1. On the obligation to appoint a supreme leader
• The Sunni Asha'irah argument of human traditional responsibility
• The Imamiyah argument of the divine benevolence
• 2. The attributes of an Imam
• Blamelessness not a prerequisite
• 3. Criteria to be met in appointing an Imam.
• 4a. The rightful Imam after the Prophet: Abu Bakr in Sunni doctrine
• 4b. The rightful Imam after the Prophet: 'Ali in Shi'ah doctrine
• 5. The excellence of the Companions
• Table of Romanization
• Glossary
• Illustrations to Book 1, Section 3
• Bibliography
• Index.