Lis pendens in international litigation / Campbell McLachlan.

• Superior document: A collection of law lectures in pocketbook form
• Author: Hague Academy of International Law.; McLachlan, Campbell.
• TeilnehmendeR: Hague Academy of International Law.
• Year of Publication: 2009
• Language: English
• Series: Pocketbooks of the Hague Academy of International Law.
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (492 p.)
• Notes: "Full text of the lecture published in August 2009 in the Recueil des cours, Vol. 338 (2008)"--t.p.verso.

What legal principles apply when courts in different jurisdictions are simultaneously seised with the same dispute ? This question — of international lis pendens — has long been controversial. But it has taken on new and urgent importance in our age. Globalization has driven an unprecedented rise in forum shopping between national courts and a proliferation of new international tribunals. Problems of litispendence have spawned some of the most dramatic litigation of modern times — from anti-suit injunction battles in commercial disputes, to the appeals of prisoners on death row to international human rights tribunals. The way we respond to this challenge has profound theoretical implications for the interaction of legal systems in today’s pluralistic world. In this wide-ranging survey, McLachlan analyses the problems of parallel litigation — in private and public international law and international arbitration. He argues that we need to develop a more sophisticated set of rules of conflict of litigation, guided by a cosmopolitan conception of the rule of law. Quels principes juridiques font foi lorsque des tribunaux de différentes juridictions sont saisis simultanément pour le même litige ? La problématique de la litispendance internationale a longtemps été controversée. Mais, de nos jours, elle devient de plus en plus importante. La mondialisation a entrainé une augmentation sans précédent de surenchères judiciaires entre les tribunaux nationaux, ainsi qu’une prolifération de nouveaux tribunaux internationaux. Les problèmes de litispendance ont engendré quelques uns des litiges les plus dramatiques des temps modernes, allant des batailles d’anti-suit injunction lors de litiges commerciaux aux appels des prisonniers dans le couloir de la mort devant les tribunaux internationaux des droits de l’Homme. La manière dont nous faisons face à ce défi a de grandes implications théoriques pour les interactions des systèmes judiciaires dans notre monde pluraliste. Dans cette étude de grande envergure, McLachlan analyse les problèmes de litiges parallèles au niveau du droit international privé et public, ainsi que l’arbitrage international. Selon lui, nous devons concevoir de nouvelles règles plus sophistiquées concernant les conflits de litiges, tout en respectant une conception cosmopolite de l’Etat de droit.

Table of Contents

Copyright; HAGUE ACADEMY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW; Lis Pendens in International Litigation; TABLE OF CONTENTS; CHAPTER I* INTRODUCTION; A. Of the Conflict of Litigation; B. The litispendence phenomenon; 1. Forum shopping in parallel litigation; 2. Horizontality; 3. Overlapping jurisdiction-conferring rules; 4. Kompetenz-Kompetenz : who determines jurisdiction ?; C. Intellectual origins of the idea of lis pendens; 1. Civil Law: in the image of Roman Law?; 2. Common Law: the legacy of Equity's struggle for supremacy in England; D. Legal techniques for the control of competingjurisdictions

1. Tolerance of parallel proceedings and res judicata2. Rules of priority; 3. Consolidation of related proceedings; 4. Party autonomy, election and waiver; 5. Discretions to decline jurisdiction or control parallel litigation; E. The Rule of Law and the Function of Adjudication in International Cases; Chapter II. Private international litigation; A. Deference, indifference or control ?; 1. A world of two hemispheres ?; 2. Two contrasting approaches in Civil Law systems; 3. Two contrasting approaches in a Common Law system; B. Strict lis pendens : pursuing the res judicataparallel

1. Translation of an internal into an international rule2. The search for identity of action; (a) Same parties; (b) Same subject-matter and same cause; 3. Assessment of effects; (a) The negative declaration; (b) The reflexive effect of a convention; C. Jurisdiction-declining discretions; 1. Litispendence within the forum non conveniens enquiry; (a) Double litigation by the same plaintiff; (b) A forum contest between plaintiff and defendant; 2. Declining jurisdiction in favour of related proceedings; D. The rise and fall of the anti-suit injunction

1. Commonwealth use of anti-suit injunctions to control foreign parallel litigation2. A division of principle in the United States; 3. Contraction of the anti-suit injunction in the face of comity concerns; (a) Conflict of laws cedes where no true litispendence; (b) Requirement of jurisdictional nexus; (c) European law constraints; E. Interim conclusions; Chapter III. International arbitration; A. The place of parallel proceedings in international arbitration; 1. The use of party autonomy as an escape from multiple fora; 2. Instances of overlapping jurisdiction.

B. International commercial arbitration1. Kompetenz-Kompetenz or who decides on arbitral jurisdiction; (a) The arbitral tribunal or the courts; (b) The courts of the seat and other courts; 2. Parallel and related arbitral proceedings; 3. The anti-suit injunction in arbitration; (a) Issue of anti-suit injunctions by arbitrators; (b) The Front Comor and anti-suit injunctions in aid of arbitration; (c) Anti-arbitration injunctions; C. Investment treaty arbitration; 1. The particular potential for conflicts of jurisdictionin investment treaty arbitration

2. The distinction between breach of contract and breach of treaty