Hidden Depths : : The Origins of Human Connection / / Penny Spikins.

• VerfasserIn: Spikins, Penny,
• Place / Publishing House: York, U.K. : : White Rose University Press,, 2022.
• Year of Publication: 2022
• Edition: First edition.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (xiv, 456 pages) :; illustrations (black and white, and colour)

In Hidden Depths, Professor Penny Spikins explores how our emotional connections have shaped human ancestry. Focusing on three key transitions in human origins, Professor Spikins explains how the emotional capacities of our early ancestors evolved in response to ecological changes, much like similar changes in other social mammals. For each transition, dedicated chapters examine evolutionary pressures, responses in changes in human emotional capacities and the archaeological evidence for human social behaviours. Starting from our earliest origins, in Part One, Professor Spikins explores how after two million years ago, movement of human ancestors into a new ecological niche drove new types of collaboration, including care for vulnerable members of the group. Emotional adaptations lead to cognitive changes, as new connections based on compassion, generosity, trust and inclusion also changed our relationship to material things. Part Two explores a later key transition in human emotional capacities occurring after 300,000 years ago. At this time changes in social tolerance allowed ancestors of our own species to further reach out beyond their local group and care about distant allies, making human communities resilient to environmental changes. An increasingly close relationship to animals, and even to cherished possessions, appeared at this time, and can be explained through new human vulnerabilities and ways of seeking comfort and belonging. Lastly, Part Three focuses on the contrasts in emotional dispositions arising between ourselves and our close cousins, the Neanderthals. Neanderthals are revealed as equally caring yet emotionally different humans, who might, if things had been different, have been in our place today. This new narrative breaks away from traditional views of human evolution as exceptional or as a linear progression towards a more perfect form. Instead, our evolutionary history is situated within similar processes occurring in other mammals, and explained as one in which emotions, rather than 'intellect', were key to our evolutionary journey. Moreover, changes in emotional capacities and dispositions are seen as part of differing pathways each bringing strengths, weaknesses and compromises. These hidden depths provide an explanation for many of the emotional sensitivities and vulnerabilities which continue to influence our world today.

Table of Contents

Front Matter (pp. i-ii) - Table of Contents (pp. iii-viii) -- Acknowledgements (pp. ix-x) -- Foreword (pp. xi-xiv) -- Introduction (pp. 1-14) -- Part 1: Compassion, Generosity and Trust -- CHAPTER 1 The Evolutionary Basis for Human Empathy, Compassion and Generosity (pp. 17-70) -- CHAPTER 2 Material Evidence: caring for adult vulnerabilities (pp. 71-128) -- CHAPTER 3 Trust, Emotional Commitments and Reputation (pp. 129-168) -- Part 2: Tolerance, Sensitivity and Emotional Vulnerability -- [Part 2 Introduction] (pp. 169-170) -- CHAPTER 4 The Evolutionary Basis for Human Tolerance - Physiological Responses (pp. 171-220) -- CHAPTER 5 The Evolutionary Basis for Human Tolerance: human 'self-domestication'? (pp. 221-254) -- CHAPTER 6 Comforting Things: cherished possessions as sources of social comfort and security, from the Palaeolithic to the present (pp. 255-294) -- CHAPTER 7 In the Company of Wolves: compensatory attachments and the human-dog bond (pp. 295-340) -- Part 3: What If? : Exploring Different Human Pathways -- CHAPTER 8 What If? The Evolutionary Basis for Different Pathways (pp. 343-386) -- CHAPTER 9 Reframing Neanderthals (pp. 387-432) -- Conclusions (pp. 433-442) -- Index (pp. 443-456).