Urban Socio-Economic Segregation and Income Inequality : : A Global Perspective.

• Superior document: The Urban Book
• Author: van Ham, Maarten.
• TeilnehmendeR: Tammaru, Tiit.; Ubarevičienė, Rūta.; Janssen, Heleen.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2021.; ©2021.
• Year of Publication: 2021
• Language: English
• Series: Urban Book Series.
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (518 pages)

This open access book investigates the link between income inequality and socio-economic residential segregation in 24 large urban regions in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. It offers a unique global overview of segregation trends based on case studies by local aut...

Table of Contents

• Intro
• Preface
• Contents
• Editors and Contributors
• Part I Introduction
• 1 Rising Inequalities and a Changing Social Geography of Cities. An Introduction to the Global Segregation Book
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Approach and Justification
• 1.3 Income Inequality and Segregation
• 1.4 Main Results in Five Conclusions
• 1.5 A Global Segregation Thesis
• Appendix 1: Guidelines for Authors, Data, and Methods
• Appendix 2: Summary Table of Data Used for Each Case Study City
• Appendix 3: Occupational Structure of Comparable Case Study Cities (Source Individual Chapters in This Book)
• Appendix 4: Dissimilarity Indices Between Top and Bottom Socio-economic Status Groups, in All Years Provided by the Authors (Source Individual Chapters in This Book)
• References
• 2 Residential Segregation Between Income Groups in International Perspective
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Challenges of Comparing Segregation Across Borders
• 2.3 Method and Data
• 2.4 Results
• 2.5 Discussion and Conclusion
• References
• Part II Africa
• 3 Income Inequality, Socio-Economic Status, and Residential Segregation in Greater Cairo: 1986-2006
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 The Social Geography of GCR
• 3.3 GCR as a Case in Point
• 3.4 Factors Influencing Residential Segregation in GCR
• 3.4.1 Income Inequality
• 3.4.2 Welfare Regime Politics
• 3.4.3 Centralized Urban Governance
• 3.4.4 Settlement Types: Formal and Informal
• 3.4.5 Housing Policies
• 3.5 Landscape of Residential Segregation in GCR, 1986-2006
• 3.6 Spatial Distribution of Occupational Groups
• 3.7 Neighborhoods' Leading Specializations
• 3.8 Patterns of Socio-Economic Intermixing
• 3.9 Conclusions
• References
• 4 Social Inequality and Spatial Segregation in Cape Town
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Determinants of Residential Patterns
• 4.2.1 Racial Segregation: 1950s-1980s.
• 4.2.2 Market-Led Development: 1990s-2020
• 4.2.3 State-Led Housing: 1990s-2020
• 4.3 Inequality in the Labour Market
• 4.3.1 Data and Methods
• 4.3.2 Occupational Structure
• 4.3.3 Index of Dissimilarity
• 4.4 Socio-economic Segregation
• 4.4.1 Occupational Location Quotients
• 4.4.2 Socio-economic Status
• 4.4.3 Distribution of the Top Socio-economic Group
• 4.5 Conclusion
• References
• 5 Income Inequality and Socio-economic Segregation in the City of Johannesburg
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Drivers of Dominant Residential Patterns
• 5.2.1 Racial Segregation
• 5.2.2 Housing
• 5.2.3 Suburbs
• 5.3 Inequality in Johannesburg
• 5.3.1 Data Sources
• 5.3.2 Changes in Occupational Structure
• 5.3.3 Income Inequality
• 5.4 Socio-economic Segregation in Johannesburg
• 5.4.1 Dissimilarity Index
• 5.4.2 Location Quotient
• 5.4.3 Classification of Neighbourhoods by Socio-economic Composition
• 5.4.4 Location of Top Socio-economic Status Groups in 2001 and 2011
• 5.5 Conclusion
• References
• Part III Asia
• 6 Dual Land Regime, Income Inequalities and Multifaceted Socio-Economic and Spatial Segregation in Hong Kong
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Context
• 6.2.1 Dual Land Regime
• 6.2.2 Housing System
• 6.2.3 Welfare System and Inequality
• 6.3 Census Data and Spatial Units
• 6.4 Spatial Patterns of Occupational and Income Disparities
• 6.4.1 Changing Occupational Structure and Growing Income Disparity
• 6.4.2 Socio-Economic Segregation
• 6.4.3 Residential Locations of Top and Bottom SES Workforce
• 6.4.4 Socio-Economic Composition of Neighbourhoods
• 6.5 Underlying Causes for Socio-Spatial Segregation
• 6.6 Conclusion
• References
• 7 Income Inequality and Socioeconomic Segregation in Jakarta
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Jakarta: The Core, Inner Peripheries and Outer Peripheries
• 7.3 Rapid Urbanization and Income Inequality.
• 7.4 Changes in Occupational Structures
• 7.5 Levels of Residential Segregation Between Socioeconomic Groups
• 7.6 Geography of Residential Segregation Between Socioeconomic Groups
• 7.7 Conclusion
• References
• 8 Socio-spatial Segregation and Exclusion in Mumbai
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Data and Methods
• 8.3 Real Estate and Increase of Slums in the City
• 8.4 Inter-religious Conflicts and the Segregation of Muslims
• 8.5 Segregation of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
• 8.6 Conclusions
• References
• 9 Social Polarization and Socioeconomic Segregation in Shanghai, China: Evidence from 2000 and 2010 Censuses
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Residential Segregation in Large Cities in China
• 9.3 Data and Methods
• 9.3.1 Data
• 9.3.2 Methods
• 9.4 Results
• 9.4.1 Level of Segregation in Shanghai
• 9.4.2 Spatial Pattern of Occupation-Based Segregation in Shanghai
• 9.4.3 Spatial Pattern of Hukou-Based Segregation in Shanghai
• 9.5 Drivers of Changing Patterns of Residential Segregation in Shanghai
• 9.6 Conclusion and Discussion
• References
• 10 Increasing Inequality and the Changing Spatial Distribution of Income in Tel-Aviv
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Increasing Income Inequality in Israel and Socio-spatial Implications
• 10.3 Inequality Among Socio-demographic Groups in Israel
• 10.4 The Tel-Aviv MA: Development and Transition
• 10.5 Data and Methods
• 10.6 The Segregation Between Income Classes in the Tel-Aviv MA
• 10.7 Changing Spatial Distributions of Top and Bottom Income Quintiles in the Tel-Aviv MA
• 10.8 Changing Socioeconomic Compositions in Tel-Aviv Neighbourhoods
• 10.9 Conclusions
• References
• 11 Changes in Occupational Structure and Residential Segregation in Tokyo
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Context
• 11.2.1 Income Inequality
• 11.2.2 Welfare System
• 11.2.3 Housing System
• 11.2.4 Urban Policy.
• 11.3 Data and Methods
• 11.4 Occupational Structure
• 11.5 Residential Segregation
• 11.6 Spatial Distribution of Occupational Groups
• 11.6.1 Concentration of the Top Occupational Groups
• 11.6.2 Location Quotient for the Top and Bottom Occupational Groups
• 11.6.3 Classification of Neighborhoods by Socio-economic Composition
• 11.7 Discussion and Conclusions
• References
• Part IV Australia
• 12 The Land of the 'Fair Go'? Mapping Income Inequality and Socioeconomic Segregation Across Melbourne Neighbourhoods
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Welfare in Australia
• 12.3 Income Inequality in Australia
• 12.4 The Australian Housing System
• 12.5 Greater Melbourne
• 12.6 Neighbourhoods in the Australian Context
• 12.7 Change in Occupational Structure in Melbourne
• 12.8 Socioeconomic Segregation in Melbourne
• 12.8.1 Dissimilarity Index
• 12.8.2 Location Quotients (LQs)
• 12.8.3 Local Moran's I (LM-I)
• 12.8.4 Classification of Neighbourhoods by Socioeconomic Composition
• 12.8.5 Location of the Top Socioprofessional Group
• 12.9 Socioeconomic Segregation and Ethnic Segregation Patterns
• 12.10 Conclusions
• References
• Part V Europe
• 13 Making Sense of Segregation in a Well-Connected City: The Case of Berlin
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 From Divided to Gentrified City
• 13.3 Methods
• 13.4 Socioeconomic Segregation
• 13.5 Segregation by Foreigner/Migration Background
• 13.6 How Does Segregation Matter?
• 13.7 Conclusion
• References
• 14 Socio-spatial Disparities in Brussels and its Hinterland
• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2 Background
• 14.3 Space, Data and Methods
• 14.3.1 Space Delimitation and Spatial Units
• 14.3.2 Data and Definitions
• 14.3.3 Methods
• 14.4 Findings
• 14.4.1 Location Quotients
• 14.4.2 Income Classification of Neighbourhoods
• 14.4.3 Location of High-Income Earners.
• 14.4.4 Dissimilarity Indices
• 14.4.5 The Local Spots of Change
• 14.5 Discussion
• References
• 15 Residential Segregation in a Highly Unequal Society: Istanbul in the 2000s
• 15.1 Introduction
• 15.2 Background: Frantic years of 2000s
• 15.3 Studying Segregation in Istanbul
• 15.4 Data and Method
• 15.5 Results
• 15.5.1 Classification and Mapping of Neighbourhoods
• 15.5.2 From 2000 to 2017: Exodus of the Poor
• 15.6 Concluding Remarks
• References
• 16 Segregation in London: A City of Choices or Structures?
• 16.1 Introduction
• 16.1.1 Ethnicity
• 16.1.2 Economic
• 16.1.3 Housing
• 16.1.4 Chapter Outline
• 16.2 Inequality and Occupational Segregation
• 16.3 Location Quotient Maps
• 16.4 Maps of Typologies
• 16.4.1 Location of the Top Occupational Group
• 16.5 Contrasting Dimensions of Segregation
• 16.6 Conclusions
• References
• 17 Income Inequality and Segregation in the Paris Metro Area (1990-2015)
• 17.1 Introduction
• 17.2 Background
• 17.2.1 The Role of Immigrant Residential Segregation
• 17.2.2 The Role of Urban Policy and Public Housing
• 17.2.3 The Role of Rising Income Inequality
• 17.3 Data and Methods
• 17.4 Results
• 17.4.1 Changes in Occupational Structure and Inequality
• 17.4.2 Residential Patterns of Occupational Groups in the Paris Metro Area
• 17.4.3 Occupational and Immigrant Segregation
• 17.5 Conclusion
• References
• Part VI North America
• 18 Growing Income Inequality and Socioeconomic Segregation in the Chicago Region
• 18.1 Introduction
• 18.2 The Chicago Region
• 18.2.1 The Economy
• 18.2.2 The Welfare System
• 18.2.3 Demographics
• 18.2.4 The Housing System
• 18.3 Analysis and Results
• 18.3.1 Income Inequality
• 18.3.2 Occupational Structure
• 18.3.3 Dissimilarity Index
• 18.3.4 Location of Top Occupational Groups
• 18.3.5 Location Quotients (LQs).
• 18.3.6 Residential Segregation Based on Socioeconomic Status.