Alternative models of addiction / edited by Hanna Pickard, Serge H. Ahmed and Bennett Foddy.

• Superior document: Frontiers in psychiatry,
• Author: Bennett Foddy
• TeilnehmendeR: Pickard, Hanna,; Ahmed, Serge H.,; Foddy, Bennett,
• Place / Publishing House: [Lausanne, Switzerland] : : Frontiers Media SA,, 2015
• Year of Publication: 2015
• Language: English
• Series: Frontiers in psychiatry,
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (173 pages) :; illustrations; digital, PDF file(s).

For much of the 20th century, theories of addictive behaviour and motivation were polarized between two models. The first model viewed addiction as a moral failure for which addicts are rightly held responsible and judged accordingly. The second model, in contrast, viewed addiction as a specific brain disease caused by neurobiological adaptations occurring in response to chronic drug or alcohol use, and over which addicts have no choice or control. As our capacity to observe neurobiological phenomena improved, the second model became scientific orthodoxy, increasingly dominating addiction research and informing public understandings of addiction. More recently, however, a dissenting view has emerged within addiction research, based partly on new scientific research and partly on progress in philosophical and psychological understandings of relevant mental phenomena. This view does not revert to treating addiction as a moral failure, but nonetheless holds that addictive behaviour is fundamentally motivated by choice and subject to at least a degree of voluntary control. On this alternative model of addiction, addictive behaviour is an instrumental means to ends that are desired by the individual, although much controversy exists with respect to the rationality or irrationality of these ends, the degree and nature of the voluntary control of addictive behaviour and motivation, the explanation of the difference between addictive and non-addictive behaviour and motivation, and, lastly, the extent to which addictive behaviour and motivation is correctly characterised as pathological or diseased. This research topic includes papers in the traditions of neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, law and social science that explore alternative understandings of addiction

Table of Contents

Alternative models of addiction / Hanna Pickard, Serge H. Ahmed and Bennett Foddy -- Addiction and choice: theory and new data / Gene M. Heyman -- Intertemporal bargaining in addiction / George Ainslie -- Addiction and the brain-disease fallacy / Sally Satel and Scott O. Lilienfeld -- The addict in us all / Brendan Dill and Richard Holton -- Addiction: choice or compulsion? / Edmund Henden, Hans Olav Melberg and Ole Jørgen Røgeberg -- Explaining human recreational use of 'pesticides': the neurotoxin regulation model of substance use vs. the hijack model and implications for age and sex differences in drug consumption / Edward H. Hagen, Casey J. Roulette and Roger J. Sullivan -- Addiction is not a brain disease (and it matters) / Neil Levy -- Addiction, the concept of disorder, and pathways to harm: comment on Levy / Jerome C. Wakefield -- How many people have alcohol use disorders? Using the harmful dysfunction analysis to reconcile prevalence estimates in two community surveys / Jerome C. Wakefield and Mark F. Schmitz -- Corrigendum: how many people have alcohol use disorders? Using the harmful dysfunction analysis to rectify prevalence rates in two community surveys / Jerome C. Wakefield and Mark F. Schmitz -- Addiction is not a natural kind / Jeremy Michael Pober -- The puzzling unidimensionality of DSM-5 substance use disorder disgnoses / Robert J. MacCoun -- The puzzling unidimensionality of DSM substance use disorders: commentary / Christopher Stephen Martin -- Pleasure and addiction / Jeanette Kennett, Steve Matthews and Anke Snoek -- The shame of addiction / Owen Flanagan -- Dyadic social interaction as an alternative reward to cocaine / Gerald Zernig, Kai K. Kummer and Janine M. Prast -- Is "loss of control" always a consequence of addiction? / Mark D. Griffiths -- Disentangling the correlates of drug use in a clinic and community sample: a regression analysis of the associations between drug use, years-of-school, impulsivity, IQ, working memory, and psychiatric symptoms / Gene M. Heyman, Brian J. Dunn and Jason Mignone.