Carotid Body: A New Target for Rescuing Neural Control of Cardiorespiratory Balance in Disease
The carotid body (CB) is in charge of adjusting ventilatory and cardiovascular function during changes in arterial blood gases. Regardless this essential function, the CB has been implicated in the sensing of other physiological signals such as changes in blood flow and glucose levels. More importan...
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Superior document: | Frontiers Research Topics |
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Year of Publication: | 2016 |
Language: | English |
Series: | Frontiers Research Topics
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Physical Description: | 1 electronic resource (134 p.) |
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Rodrigo Del Rio auth Carotid Body: A New Target for Rescuing Neural Control of Cardiorespiratory Balance in Disease Carotid Body Frontiers Media SA 2016 1 electronic resource (134 p.) text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Frontiers Research Topics The carotid body (CB) is in charge of adjusting ventilatory and cardiovascular function during changes in arterial blood gases. Regardless this essential function, the CB has been implicated in the sensing of other physiological signals such as changes in blood flow and glucose levels. More important, malfunction of the CB chemoreceptors has been associated with the progression and deterioration of several disease states such as hypertension, heart failure, renal failure, insulin resistance, diabetes and sleep apnea. Although the mechanisms involved in the alterations of the CB function in pathophysiology are currently under intense research, the development of therapeutic approaches to restore normal CB chemoreflex function remains unsolved. Recent studies showing the effect of CB denervation in pathophysiology have unveiled a key role of these arterial chemoreceptors in the development of autonomic imbalance and respiratory disturbances, and suggest that targeting the CB could represent a novel strategy to improve disease outcome. Unfortunately, classical pharmacotherapy intended to normalize CB function may be hard to establish since several cellular pathways are involved in the CB dysfunction. Augmented levels of angiotensin II, endothelin-1, cytokines and free radicals along with decreases in nitric oxide had all been related to the CB dysfunction. Moreover, changes in expression of angiotensin receptors, nitric oxide synthases and cytokines that take place within the CB tissue in pathological states also contribute to the enhanced CB chemoreflex drive. It has been shown in heart failure, hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea that the CB becomes tonically hyper-reactive. During the progression of the disease this CB chemosensory facilitation process induces central nervous system plasticity. The altered autonomic-respiratory control leads to increased cardiorespiratory distress and the deterioration of the condition. The focus of this e-book will be to cover the role of the CB in pathophysiology and to provide new evidence of the pathways involved in the maladaptive potentiation of the CB chemoreflex function. In memory of Professor Mashiko Shirahata and Professor Constancio Gonzalez. English Hypertension Autonomic Function Sleep Apnea Insulin Resistance Heart Failure Sympathetic Nervous System 2-88919-943-6 Harold D. Schultz auth Rodrigo Iturriaga auth |
language |
English |
format |
eBook |
author |
Rodrigo Del Rio |
spellingShingle |
Rodrigo Del Rio Carotid Body: A New Target for Rescuing Neural Control of Cardiorespiratory Balance in Disease Frontiers Research Topics |
author_facet |
Rodrigo Del Rio Harold D. Schultz Rodrigo Iturriaga |
author_variant |
r d r rdr |
author2 |
Harold D. Schultz Rodrigo Iturriaga |
author2_variant |
h d s hds r i ri |
author_sort |
Rodrigo Del Rio |
title |
Carotid Body: A New Target for Rescuing Neural Control of Cardiorespiratory Balance in Disease |
title_full |
Carotid Body: A New Target for Rescuing Neural Control of Cardiorespiratory Balance in Disease |
title_fullStr |
Carotid Body: A New Target for Rescuing Neural Control of Cardiorespiratory Balance in Disease |
title_full_unstemmed |
Carotid Body: A New Target for Rescuing Neural Control of Cardiorespiratory Balance in Disease |
title_auth |
Carotid Body: A New Target for Rescuing Neural Control of Cardiorespiratory Balance in Disease |
title_alt |
Carotid Body |
title_new |
Carotid Body: A New Target for Rescuing Neural Control of Cardiorespiratory Balance in Disease |
title_sort |
carotid body: a new target for rescuing neural control of cardiorespiratory balance in disease |
series |
Frontiers Research Topics |
series2 |
Frontiers Research Topics |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2016 |
physical |
1 electronic resource (134 p.) |
isbn |
2-88919-943-6 |
illustrated |
Not Illustrated |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT rodrigodelrio carotidbodyanewtargetforrescuingneuralcontrolofcardiorespiratorybalanceindisease AT harolddschultz carotidbodyanewtargetforrescuingneuralcontrolofcardiorespiratorybalanceindisease AT rodrigoiturriaga carotidbodyanewtargetforrescuingneuralcontrolofcardiorespiratorybalanceindisease AT rodrigodelrio carotidbody AT harolddschultz carotidbody AT rodrigoiturriaga carotidbody |
status_str |
n |
ids_txt_mv |
(CKB)3800000000216259 (oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/42743 (EXLCZ)993800000000216259 |
carrierType_str_mv |
cr |
hierarchy_parent_title |
Frontiers Research Topics |
is_hierarchy_title |
Carotid Body: A New Target for Rescuing Neural Control of Cardiorespiratory Balance in Disease |
container_title |
Frontiers Research Topics |
author2_original_writing_str_mv |
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1796649023821578241 |
fullrecord |
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Unfortunately, classical pharmacotherapy intended to normalize CB function may be hard to establish since several cellular pathways are involved in the CB dysfunction. Augmented levels of angiotensin II, endothelin-1, cytokines and free radicals along with decreases in nitric oxide had all been related to the CB dysfunction. Moreover, changes in expression of angiotensin receptors, nitric oxide synthases and cytokines that take place within the CB tissue in pathological states also contribute to the enhanced CB chemoreflex drive. It has been shown in heart failure, hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea that the CB becomes tonically hyper-reactive. During the progression of the disease this CB chemosensory facilitation process induces central nervous system plasticity. The altered autonomic-respiratory control leads to increased cardiorespiratory distress and the deterioration of the condition. 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