Medicinal Effects of Agathosma (Buchu) Extracts / / Barbara Huisamen, Patrick J.D. Bouic and Carmen Pheiffer.

• VerfasserIn: Huisamen, Barbara,; Pheiffer, Carmen,; Bouic, Patrick J. D.,
• TeilnehmendeR: Pheiffer, Carmen,; Bouic, Patrick J. D.,
• Place / Publishing House: Cape Town, South Africa : : AOSIS,, 2019.
• Year of Publication: 2019
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (xxi, 108 pages) :; illustrations

The research results presented in this book span the quest of Cape Kingdom Nutraceuticals, Prof. Patrick Bouic and Prof. Barbara Huisamen to scientifically validate the health promoting properties of an aqueous extract of the plant Agathosma. To accomplish this, they made use of both in vitro and in vivo models to understand and underscore the anecdotal information of the benefits of this product. Cell based studies highlighted anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects while animal-based studies were utilized to confirm the anti-diabetic effects whilst further elaborating on anti-obesity properties. In addition, technology aimed at small animals were used to follow blood pressure to demonstrate anti-hypertensive effects while ex vivo perfused hearts were studied to show that this extract also protected the heart against an ischaemic incident. In view of the current pandemic of obesity and non-communicable diseases, the research results presented in this book will be of special interest to the scientific community and health practitioners interested in cardiometabolic diseases and nutraceuticals as an alternative treatment option. In view of the failure of many pharmaceuticals to curb non-communicable diseases, these results are deemed of high importance.

Table of Contents

Abbreviations, Figures and Tables appearing in the Text and Notes xi -- List of Abbreviations xi -- List of Figures xii -- List of Tables xv -- Notes on Contributors xvii -- Foreword xxi Saartjie Roux -- Chapter 1: Introduction and literature review Barbara Huisamen 3 -- Introduction 3 -- Antimicrobial activity 6 -- Anti-inflammatory activity 7 -- Antioxidant activity 8 -- Benefits for the reproductive system 10 -- Analgesic properties 10 -- Anti-ageing properties 11 -- Toxicity 11 -- Material used for in vivo model 12 -- Chapter 2: Evaluation of buchu extracts in vitro: Evidence of its anti-glycaemic and anti-inflammatory properties Patrick J.D. Bouic 17 -- Introduction 17 -- Materials and methods 18 -- Cell lines 18 -- Peripheral blood cells from human blood 19 -- Drugs or buchu extracts used 20 -- Results 21 -- Effects on glucose metabolism 21 -- Anti-inflammatory activity 23 -- Discussion 25 -- Acknowledgements 28 -- Chapter 3: Anti-diabetic properties of buchu Barbara Huisamen 31 -- Introduction 31 -- Methods 34 -- Ethical considerations 34 -- Type 1 diabetes 35 -- Type 2 diabetes 36 -- Assays performed 38 -- On both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes models 38 -- Only on type 1 diabetic animals 38 -- Only on type 2 diabetic animals 38 -- Statistical analyses 41 -- Results: Type 1 diabetes 41 -- Results: Type 2 diabetes 44 -- Discussion 50 -- Acknowledgements 54 -- Chapter 4: Anti-obesity effects of an aqueous extract of buchu Barbara Huisamen, Mignon van Vuuren, Carmen Pheiffer 57 -- Introduction 57 -- Materials and methods 60 -- Animal model 60 -- Histology 60 -- Biochemical analyses 61 -- Polymerase chain reaction 61 -- Total liver cholesterol, liver triglycerides, plasma phospholipids and plasma triglycerides analysis 62 -- Statistical analysis 63 -- Results 63 -- Biometric data 63 -- Adipocyte hypertrophy 64 -- Biochemical analysis 65 -- Transcription factors 65 -- Total liver cholesterol, liver triglycerides, plasma phospholipids and plasma triglycerides 66 -- Discussion 67 -- Conclusion 72 -- Limitations of the study 72 -- Acknowledgements 72 -- Chapter 5: Anti-hypertensive and cardioprotective effects of buchu Barbara Huisamen 75 -- Introduction 75 -- Methods 76 -- Animal model 76 -- Diuretic activity 76 -- Blood pressure measurement 77 -- Determination of myocardial infarct size 77 -- Biochemical analyses 78 -- Statistical analyses 78 -- Results 78 -- Biometric measurements 78 -- Blood pressure measurements 79 -- Infarct size measurement 81 -- Adipokine determination 82 -- Leptin and aldosterone 82 -- Angiotensin 1-converting enzyme inhibitor activity 82 -- Discussion and conclusion 84 -- Acknowledgements 88 -- Chapter 6: Summary Barbara Huisamen 91 -- References 93 -- Index 105.