Flexibility in the Parts-of-Speech System of Classical Chinese / / Linlin Sun.
Languages across the world differ from each other in a number of respects, and one such difference is in terms of how their lexicons are categorized. Compared to most European languages with distinct, functionally dedicated word classes in the traditional sense, quite a few languages are observed to...
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Sun, Linlin , author. aut http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut Flexibility in the Parts-of-Speech System of Classical Chinese / Linlin Sun. Berlin ; Boston : De Gruyter Mouton, [2020] ©2020 1 online resource (XVI, 283 p.) text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier text file PDF rda Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [TiLSM] , 1861-4302 ; 334 Frontmatter -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background for studying flexibility in parts-of-speech systems -- 3 Syntactic observations on flexibility in Classical Chinese -- 4 Cognitive-semantic foundations of flexibility in Classical Chinese -- 5 Pragmatics of flexibility in Classical Chinese: The level of argument structure constructions -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Appendix I -- Appendix II -- Index restricted access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec online access with authorization star Languages across the world differ from each other in a number of respects, and one such difference is in terms of how their lexicons are categorized. Compared to most European languages with distinct, functionally dedicated word classes in the traditional sense, quite a few languages are observed to possess lexical items that can fulfill the functions typically associated with more than one traditional word class such as ‘noun’ and ‘verb’. According to Rijkhoff and van Lier (2013), these lexemes exhibit what is called ‘flexibility’.Classical Chinese is observed to feature word-class flexibility, in the sense that there are lexemes that can be used to serve the functions of two or more traditional word classes, without the functional change being marked by any derivational means. For instance, a lexical item like xìn can either function as a verb meaning ‘to be trustworthy [intr.]’ or ‘to believe, to trust [tr.]’ or serve as a noun meaning ‘trust, oath of alliance’. Similarly, a human-denoting lexeme such as yŏu FRIEND cannot only mean ‘a friend’ but also ‘to be a friend, to behave friendly [intr.]’, ‘to make friends with [tr.]’ or ‘to consider as a friend [tr.]’; an instrument word like biān WHIP cannot only mean ‘a whip’ but also ‘to whip’. This situation is often thought to be related to the fact that Classical Chinese does not have any kind of productive morphology in the traditional sense (e.g. Zádrapa 2011). This is reflected in the lack of markedness distinctions across Croft’s (2000, 2001) conceptual space for parts of speech.This study ascribes flexibility of parts of speech in Classical Chinese to precategoriality, in line with Bisang (2008 a, b). Precategoriality can roughly be defined as the absence of the noun-verb distinction in the lexicon; instead, the linking of individual words to the syntactic position of N or V as well as their text frequency in these positions are subject to pragmatics. Precategorial lexical items are those that are not preclassified into parts of speech in the lexicon; rather, their word-class specification is ultimately determined at the syntactic level, according to their position/function in a given word-class indicating construction.From a diachronic viewpoint, this study assumes that precategoriality and categoriality of individual lexical items are not static, but that they are potentialities and tendencies that may change over time. Specifically, (full) precategoriality and (full) categoriality are assumed to constitute a continuum in the lexicon of Chinese throughout its history. In any given historical period, lexical items of the language are distributed between the two extremes on the continuum, according to the intensity of the association between their lexical meaning and the syntactic position/function of e.g. N or V. Generally, along the continuum at a given historical stage, lexemes with a strong association between meaning and function (i.e. lexemes that are normally associated only with one word-class specification for a particular syntactic role) tend to be located close to the extreme of (full) categoriality. In contrast, lexemes that are not necessarily related to one specific association between meaning and function, but can potentially occur in a variety of such associations, are assumed to be placed closer to (full) precategoriality instead. Roughly speaking, the group of lexemes that is located towards (full) precategoriality are flexible lexemes, though with varying degrees of flexibility, whose semantics licenses a syntactic variety and can thus be linked to more than one word-class specification through syntactic specification, a syntactically specified process of category assignment.Based on these considerations, this study aims to present the results of a corpus-based investigation into flexibility of parts of speech in Classical Chinese. The research focuses on two types of syntactic specifications of flexible lexemes, namely, those us Issued also in print. Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web. In English. Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 28. Feb 2023) Chinese language Grammar. Chinese language Parts of speech. Cognitive grammar. LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / General. bisacsh Classical Chinese. Parts of Speech. Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter DG Ebook Package English 2020 9783110696288 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter DG Plus DeG Package 2020 Part 1 9783110696271 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter De Gruyter English eBooks 2020 - UC 9783110659061 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter De Gruyter Mouton Frontlist 2020 9783110743166 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter EBOOK PACKAGE COMPLETE 2020 English 9783110704716 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter EBOOK PACKAGE COMPLETE 2020 9783110704518 ZDB-23-DGG Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter EBOOK PACKAGE Linguistics 2020 English 9783110704761 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter EBOOK PACKAGE Linguistics 2020 9783110704563 ZDB-23-DSP EPUB 9783110660876 print 9783110638431 https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110660791 https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9783110660791 Cover https://www.degruyter.com/document/cover/isbn/9783110660791/original |
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English |
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author |
Sun, Linlin , Sun, Linlin , |
spellingShingle |
Sun, Linlin , Sun, Linlin , Flexibility in the Parts-of-Speech System of Classical Chinese / Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [TiLSM] , Frontmatter -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background for studying flexibility in parts-of-speech systems -- 3 Syntactic observations on flexibility in Classical Chinese -- 4 Cognitive-semantic foundations of flexibility in Classical Chinese -- 5 Pragmatics of flexibility in Classical Chinese: The level of argument structure constructions -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Appendix I -- Appendix II -- Index |
author_facet |
Sun, Linlin , Sun, Linlin , |
author_variant |
l s ls l s ls |
author_role |
VerfasserIn VerfasserIn |
author_sort |
Sun, Linlin , |
title |
Flexibility in the Parts-of-Speech System of Classical Chinese / |
title_full |
Flexibility in the Parts-of-Speech System of Classical Chinese / Linlin Sun. |
title_fullStr |
Flexibility in the Parts-of-Speech System of Classical Chinese / Linlin Sun. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Flexibility in the Parts-of-Speech System of Classical Chinese / Linlin Sun. |
title_auth |
Flexibility in the Parts-of-Speech System of Classical Chinese / |
title_alt |
Frontmatter -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background for studying flexibility in parts-of-speech systems -- 3 Syntactic observations on flexibility in Classical Chinese -- 4 Cognitive-semantic foundations of flexibility in Classical Chinese -- 5 Pragmatics of flexibility in Classical Chinese: The level of argument structure constructions -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Appendix I -- Appendix II -- Index |
title_new |
Flexibility in the Parts-of-Speech System of Classical Chinese / |
title_sort |
flexibility in the parts-of-speech system of classical chinese / |
series |
Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [TiLSM] , |
series2 |
Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [TiLSM] , |
publisher |
De Gruyter Mouton, |
publishDate |
2020 |
physical |
1 online resource (XVI, 283 p.) Issued also in print. |
contents |
Frontmatter -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background for studying flexibility in parts-of-speech systems -- 3 Syntactic observations on flexibility in Classical Chinese -- 4 Cognitive-semantic foundations of flexibility in Classical Chinese -- 5 Pragmatics of flexibility in Classical Chinese: The level of argument structure constructions -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Appendix I -- Appendix II -- Index |
isbn |
9783110660791 9783110696288 9783110696271 9783110659061 9783110743166 9783110704716 9783110704518 9783110704761 9783110704563 9783110660876 9783110638431 |
issn |
1861-4302 ; |
callnumber-first |
P - Language and Literature |
callnumber-subject |
PL - Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania |
callnumber-label |
PL1231 |
callnumber-sort |
PL 41231.5 S86 42020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110660791 https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9783110660791 https://www.degruyter.com/document/cover/isbn/9783110660791/original |
illustrated |
Not Illustrated |
dewey-hundreds |
400 - Language |
dewey-tens |
490 - Other languages |
dewey-ones |
495 - Languages of East & Southeast Asia |
dewey-full |
495.15 |
dewey-sort |
3495.15 |
dewey-raw |
495.15 |
dewey-search |
495.15 |
doi_str_mv |
10.1515/9783110660791 |
oclc_num |
1142192081 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT sunlinlin flexibilityinthepartsofspeechsystemofclassicalchinese |
status_str |
n |
ids_txt_mv |
(DE-B1597)531851 (OCoLC)1142192081 |
carrierType_str_mv |
cr |
hierarchy_parent_title |
Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter DG Ebook Package English 2020 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter DG Plus DeG Package 2020 Part 1 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter De Gruyter English eBooks 2020 - UC Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter De Gruyter Mouton Frontlist 2020 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter EBOOK PACKAGE COMPLETE 2020 English Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter EBOOK PACKAGE COMPLETE 2020 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter EBOOK PACKAGE Linguistics 2020 English Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter EBOOK PACKAGE Linguistics 2020 |
is_hierarchy_title |
Flexibility in the Parts-of-Speech System of Classical Chinese / |
container_title |
Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter DG Ebook Package English 2020 |
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Precategorial lexical items are those that are not preclassified into parts of speech in the lexicon; rather, their word-class specification is ultimately determined at the syntactic level, according to their position/function in a given word-class indicating construction.From a diachronic viewpoint, this study assumes that precategoriality and categoriality of individual lexical items are not static, but that they are potentialities and tendencies that may change over time. Specifically, (full) precategoriality and (full) categoriality are assumed to constitute a continuum in the lexicon of Chinese throughout its history. In any given historical period, lexical items of the language are distributed between the two extremes on the continuum, according to the intensity of the association between their lexical meaning and the syntactic position/function of e.g. N or V. 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