Imperial Japan's Higher Civil Service Examinations / / Robert M. Spaulding.

• Superior document: Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Asian Studies Archive (pre 2000) eBook Package
• VerfasserIn: Spaulding, Robert M.,
• Place / Publishing House: Princeton, NJ : : Princeton University Press, , [2015]; ©1967
• Year of Publication: 2015
• Language: English
• Series: Princeton Legacy Library ; 1991
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (444 p.)

From 1868 to 1945 imperial Japan was governed by shifting coalitions of several dissimilar elite groups. In this historical analysis of the examination system that regulated access to the inner civil bureaucracy and shaped its political outlook, Professor Spaulding describes the steps by which Japan came to accept examinations as the key to office. The reasons for this acceptance are discussed by (1) piecing together fragmentary clues from government decrees, official memoirs, and the comparative history of Japanese higher education, political parties, and constitution, and (2) a quantitative analysis of many aspects of the civil service, showing why examinations were instituted, why they were ineffective at first, and how they worked after the system was reformed in 1899.Originally published in 1967.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Introduction -- Part I. The Decision to Examine -- 1. Trial of the Chinese System -- 2. Kanda's "Chinese" Plan, 1869 -- 3. The Search for Judicial Autonomy -- 4. Itō and Stein, 1882 -- 5. The First "German" Plans, 1884 -- 6. Itō and Kaneko, 1885-86 -- 7. Tani and the 1887 Ordinances -- 8. A Third Judicial Examination System, 1890 -- 9. Collapse and Revival, 1892-93 -- 10. Hara and the New Examinations, 1893 -- 11. Yamagata and the Capstone, 1899 -- Part II. Changes in the 20th Century -- 12. Privilege and Protest -- 13. A Decade of Indecisive Skirmishes -- 14. The Myth of Unification -- 15. The Myth of Diversification -- Part III. The Examinations and the Examiners -- 16. Structure of the Examination System -- 17. The Preparatory Examinations -- 18. The Preliminary Examinations -- 19. The Main Examinations -- 20. Training and the Post-Training Examinations -- 21. The Higher Examiners -- 22. The Mathematics of the Dragon Gate -- 23. Strategy at the Dragon Gate -- 24. Fraud and Favoritism -- 25. The Significance of Examinations -- Appendices -- A. Glossary -- B. Genealogy of the Private Law Schools -- C. Internal Evidence for Dating the Rejected Plan of 1884 -- D. Identification and Dating of the "Lost" Plans of 1886 -- E. Questions in the Main Written Examinations -- F. An Example of the Administrative Oral (1920) -- G. Candidates Passing Higher Examinations or Bar Examinations -- H. Timing of the Higher Examinations -- I. Examination Fees and Costs -- J. Structure of the Higher Examinations, 1884-1945 -- K. The Parties and "Free Appointment" -- Bibliography -- Index