Benevolent Repression : : Social Control and the American Reformatory-Prison Movement / / Alexander W. Pisciotta.

• Superior document: Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter New York University Press Archive eBook-Package Pre-2000
• VerfasserIn: Pisciotta, Alexander W.,
• Place / Publishing House: New York, NY : : New York University Press, , [1994]; ©1994
• Year of Publication: 1994
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource
• Other title: Frontmatter --; Contents --; List of Illustrations --; Acknowledgments --; Introduction --; Chapter One. Making Christian Gentlemen: The Promise of Elmira, 1876-1899 --; Chapter Two. Benevolent Repression: The Reality of the Elmira System, 1876-1899 --; Chapter Three. Revisiting Elmira: The Defects of Human Engineering in Total Institutions --; Chapter Four. Searching for Reform: The Birth of America's Third Penal System, 1877-1899 --; Chapter Five. The "New" Elmira: Psycho-eugenics and the Decline of the Rehabilitative Ideal --; Chapter Six. Triumphant Defeat: The Decline of Prison Science, 1900-1920 --; Conclusion --; Appendix. Declaration of Principles Adopted and Promulgated by the Congress --; Bibliography --; Index
• Format: Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web.
• ISBN: 9780814768914; 9783110716924
• DOI: 10.18574/nyu/9780814768914.001.0001
• Access: restricted access
• Hierarchical level: Monograph
• Statement of Responsibility: Alexander W. Pisciotta.

The opening, in 1876, of the Elmira Reformatory marked the birth of the American adult reformatory movement and the introduction of a new approach to crime and the treatment of criminals. Hailed as a reform panacea and the humane solution to America's ongoing crisis of crime and social disorder, Elmira sparked an ideological revolution. Repression and punishment were supposedly out. Academic and vocational education, military drill, indeterminate sentencing and parole-"benevolent reform"-were now considered instrumental to instilling in prisoners a respect for God, law, and capitalism. Not so, says Al Pisciotta, in this highly original, startling, and revealing work. Drawing upon previously unexamined sources from over a half-dozen states and a decade of research, Pisciotta explodes the myth that Elmira and other institutions of "the new penology" represented a significant advance in the treatment of criminals and youthful offenders. The much-touted programs failed to achieve their goals; instead, prisoners, under Superintendent Zebulon Brockway, considered the Father of American Corrections, were whipped with rubber hoses and two-foot leather straps, restricted to bread and water in dark dungeons during months of solitary confinement, and brutally subjected to a wide range of other draconian psychological and physical abuses intended to pound them into submission. Escapes, riots, violence, drugs, suicide, arson, and rape were the order of the day in these prisons, hardly conducive to the transformation of "dangerous criminal classes into Christian gentleman," as was claimed. Reflecting the racism and sexism in the social order in general, the new penology also legitimized the repression of the lower classes. Highlighting the disparity between promise and practice in America's prisons, Pisciotta draws on seven inmate case histories to illustrate convincingly that the "March of Progress" was nothing more than a reversion to the ways of old. In short, the adult reformatory movement promised benevolent reform but delivered benevolent repression-a pattern that continues to this day. A vital contribution to the history of crime, corrections, and criminal justice, this book will also have a major impact on our thinking about contemporary corrections and issues surrounding crime, punishment, and social control.