Commerce by a Frozen Sea : : Native Americans and the European Fur Trade / / Frank D. Lewis, Ann M. Carlos.
Commerce by a Frozen Sea is a cross-cultural study of a century of contact between North American native peoples and Europeans. During the eighteenth century, the natives of the Hudson Bay lowlands and their European trading partners were brought together by an increasingly popular trade in furs, de...
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Place / Publishing House: | Philadelphia : : University of Pennsylvania Press, , [2011] ©2010 |
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Carlos, Ann M., author. aut http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut Commerce by a Frozen Sea : Native Americans and the European Fur Trade / Frank D. Lewis, Ann M. Carlos. Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press, [2011] ©2010 1 online resource (272 p.) : 25 illus. text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier text file PDF rda Frontmatter -- Contents -- Introduction. Native Americans and Europeans in the Eighteenth-Century Fur Trade -- Chapter 1. Hats and the European Fur Market -- Chapter 2. The Hudson's Bay Company and the Organization of the Fur Trade -- Chapter 3. Indians as Consumers -- Chapter 4. The Decline of Beaver Populations -- Chapter 5. Industrious Indians -- Chapter 6. Property Rights, Depletion, and Survival -- Chapter 7. Indians and the Fur Trade: A Golden Age? -- Epilogue. The Fur Trade and Economic Development -- Appendix A. Fur Prices, Beaver Skins Traded, and the Simulated Beaver Population at Fort Albany, York Factory, and Fort Churchill, 1700-1763 -- Appendix B. Simulating the Beaver Population -- Appendix C. A Model of Harvesting Large Game: Joint Ownership Versus Competition -- Appendix D. Food and the Relative Incomes of Native Americans and English Workers -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- Acknowledgments restricted access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec online access with authorization star Commerce by a Frozen Sea is a cross-cultural study of a century of contact between North American native peoples and Europeans. During the eighteenth century, the natives of the Hudson Bay lowlands and their European trading partners were brought together by an increasingly popular trade in furs, destined for the hat and fur markets of Europe. Native Americans were the sole trappers of furs, which they traded to English and French merchants. The trade gave Native Americans access to new European technologies that were integrated into Indian lifeways. What emerges from this detailed exploration is a story of two equal partners involved in a mutually beneficial trade.Drawing on more than seventy years of trade records from the archives of the Hudson's Bay Company, economic historians Ann M. Carlos and Frank D. Lewis critique and confront many of the myths commonly held about the nature and impact of commercial trade. Extensively documented are the ways in which natives transformed the trading environment and determined the range of goods offered to them. Natives were effective bargainers who demanded practical items such as firearms, kettles, and blankets as well as luxuries like cloth, jewelry, and tobacco-goods similar to those purchased by Europeans. Surprisingly little alcohol was traded. Indeed, Commerce by a Frozen Sea shows that natives were industrious people who achieved a standard of living above that of most workers in Europe. Although they later fell behind, the eighteenth century was, for Native Americans, a golden age. Issued also in print. Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web. In English. Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 24. Apr 2022) Europeans Hudson Bay Region History. Fur trade Hudson Bay Region History. Indians of North America Commerce Hudson Bay Region History. Indians of North America Commerce. American Studies. HISTORY / United States / Colonial Period (1600-1775). bisacsh American History. Business. Economics. Native American Studies. Lewis, Frank D., author. aut http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Penn Press eBook Package American History 9783110413496 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Penn Press eBook Package Complete Collection 9783110413458 Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter University of Pennsylvania Backlist eBook-Package 2000-2013 9783110459548 print 9780812242317 https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812204827 https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9780812204827 Cover https://www.degruyter.com/document/cover/isbn/9780812204827/original |
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Carlos, Ann M., Carlos, Ann M., Lewis, Frank D., |
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Carlos, Ann M., Carlos, Ann M., Lewis, Frank D., Commerce by a Frozen Sea : Native Americans and the European Fur Trade / Frontmatter -- Contents -- Introduction. Native Americans and Europeans in the Eighteenth-Century Fur Trade -- Chapter 1. Hats and the European Fur Market -- Chapter 2. The Hudson's Bay Company and the Organization of the Fur Trade -- Chapter 3. Indians as Consumers -- Chapter 4. The Decline of Beaver Populations -- Chapter 5. Industrious Indians -- Chapter 6. Property Rights, Depletion, and Survival -- Chapter 7. Indians and the Fur Trade: A Golden Age? -- Epilogue. The Fur Trade and Economic Development -- Appendix A. Fur Prices, Beaver Skins Traded, and the Simulated Beaver Population at Fort Albany, York Factory, and Fort Churchill, 1700-1763 -- Appendix B. Simulating the Beaver Population -- Appendix C. A Model of Harvesting Large Game: Joint Ownership Versus Competition -- Appendix D. Food and the Relative Incomes of Native Americans and English Workers -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- Acknowledgments |
author_facet |
Carlos, Ann M., Carlos, Ann M., Lewis, Frank D., Lewis, Frank D., Lewis, Frank D., |
author_variant |
a m c am amc a m c am amc f d l fd fdl |
author_role |
VerfasserIn VerfasserIn VerfasserIn |
author2 |
Lewis, Frank D., Lewis, Frank D., |
author2_variant |
f d l fd fdl |
author2_role |
VerfasserIn VerfasserIn |
author_sort |
Carlos, Ann M., |
title |
Commerce by a Frozen Sea : Native Americans and the European Fur Trade / |
title_sub |
Native Americans and the European Fur Trade / |
title_full |
Commerce by a Frozen Sea : Native Americans and the European Fur Trade / Frank D. Lewis, Ann M. Carlos. |
title_fullStr |
Commerce by a Frozen Sea : Native Americans and the European Fur Trade / Frank D. Lewis, Ann M. Carlos. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Commerce by a Frozen Sea : Native Americans and the European Fur Trade / Frank D. Lewis, Ann M. Carlos. |
title_auth |
Commerce by a Frozen Sea : Native Americans and the European Fur Trade / |
title_alt |
Frontmatter -- Contents -- Introduction. Native Americans and Europeans in the Eighteenth-Century Fur Trade -- Chapter 1. Hats and the European Fur Market -- Chapter 2. The Hudson's Bay Company and the Organization of the Fur Trade -- Chapter 3. Indians as Consumers -- Chapter 4. The Decline of Beaver Populations -- Chapter 5. Industrious Indians -- Chapter 6. Property Rights, Depletion, and Survival -- Chapter 7. Indians and the Fur Trade: A Golden Age? -- Epilogue. The Fur Trade and Economic Development -- Appendix A. Fur Prices, Beaver Skins Traded, and the Simulated Beaver Population at Fort Albany, York Factory, and Fort Churchill, 1700-1763 -- Appendix B. Simulating the Beaver Population -- Appendix C. A Model of Harvesting Large Game: Joint Ownership Versus Competition -- Appendix D. Food and the Relative Incomes of Native Americans and English Workers -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- Acknowledgments |
title_new |
Commerce by a Frozen Sea : |
title_sort |
commerce by a frozen sea : native americans and the european fur trade / |
publisher |
University of Pennsylvania Press, |
publishDate |
2011 |
physical |
1 online resource (272 p.) : 25 illus. Issued also in print. |
contents |
Frontmatter -- Contents -- Introduction. Native Americans and Europeans in the Eighteenth-Century Fur Trade -- Chapter 1. Hats and the European Fur Market -- Chapter 2. The Hudson's Bay Company and the Organization of the Fur Trade -- Chapter 3. Indians as Consumers -- Chapter 4. The Decline of Beaver Populations -- Chapter 5. Industrious Indians -- Chapter 6. Property Rights, Depletion, and Survival -- Chapter 7. Indians and the Fur Trade: A Golden Age? -- Epilogue. The Fur Trade and Economic Development -- Appendix A. Fur Prices, Beaver Skins Traded, and the Simulated Beaver Population at Fort Albany, York Factory, and Fort Churchill, 1700-1763 -- Appendix B. Simulating the Beaver Population -- Appendix C. A Model of Harvesting Large Game: Joint Ownership Versus Competition -- Appendix D. Food and the Relative Incomes of Native Americans and English Workers -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- Acknowledgments |
isbn |
9780812204827 9783110413496 9783110413458 9783110459548 9780812242317 |
callnumber-first |
E - United States History |
callnumber-subject |
E - United States History |
callnumber-label |
E98 |
callnumber-sort |
E 298 C7 C375 42010EB |
genre_facet |
Hudson Bay Region Commerce Commerce. |
geographic_facet |
Hudson Bay Region |
url |
https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812204827 https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9780812204827 https://www.degruyter.com/document/cover/isbn/9780812204827/original |
illustrated |
Illustrated |
doi_str_mv |
10.9783/9780812204827 |
oclc_num |
794700588 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT carlosannm commercebyafrozenseanativeamericansandtheeuropeanfurtrade AT lewisfrankd commercebyafrozenseanativeamericansandtheeuropeanfurtrade |
status_str |
n |
ids_txt_mv |
(DE-B1597)449342 (OCoLC)794700588 |
carrierType_str_mv |
cr |
hierarchy_parent_title |
Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Penn Press eBook Package American History Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Penn Press eBook Package Complete Collection Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter University of Pennsylvania Backlist eBook-Package 2000-2013 |
is_hierarchy_title |
Commerce by a Frozen Sea : Native Americans and the European Fur Trade / |
container_title |
Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Penn Press eBook Package American History |
author2_original_writing_str_mv |
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