The Origins of Jewish Secularization in Eighteenth-Century Europe / / Shmuel Feiner.

• Superior document: Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter Penn Press eBook Package Complete Collection
• VerfasserIn: Feiner, Shmuel,
• TeilnehmendeR: Naor, Chaya.
• Place / Publishing House: Philadelphia : : University of Pennsylvania Press, , [2011]; ©2011
• Year of Publication: 2011
• Language: English
• Series: Jewish Culture and Contexts
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (352 p.)

Throughout the eighteenth century, an ever-sharper distinction emerged between Jews of the old order and those who were self-consciously of a new world. As aspirations for liberation clashed with adherence to tradition, as national, ethnic, cultural, and other alternatives emerged and a long, circuitous search for identity began, it was no longer evident that the definition of Jewishness would be based on the beliefs and practices surrounding the study of the Torah.In The Origins of Jewish Secularization in Eighteenth-Century Europe Shmuel Feiner reconstructs this evolution by listening to the voices of those who participated in the process and by deciphering its cultural codes and meanings. On the one hand, a great majority of observant Jews still accepted the authority of the Talmud and the leadership of the rabbis; on the other, there was a gradually more conspicuous minority of "Epicureans" and "freethinkers." As the ground shifted, each individual was marked according to his or her place on the path between faith and heresy, between devoutness and permissiveness or indifference.Building on his award-winning Jewish Enlightenment, Feiner unfolds the story of critics of religion, mostly Ashkenazic Jews, who did not take active part in the secular intellectual revival known as the Haskalah. In open or concealed rebellion, Feiner's subjects lived primarily in the cities of western and central Europe-Altona-Hamburg, Amsterdam, London, Berlin, Breslau, and Prague. They participated as "fashionable" Jews adopting the habits and clothing of the surrounding Gentile society. Several also adopted the deist worldview of Enlightenment Europe, rejecting faith in revelation, the authority of Scripture, and the obligation to observe the commandments.Peering into the synagogue, observing individuals in the coffeehouse or strolling the boulevards, and peeking into the bedroom, Feiner recovers forgotten critics of religion from both the margins and the center of Jewish discourse. His is a pioneering work on the origins of one of the most significant transformations of modern Jewish history.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- Introduction Sins and Doubts -- PART I. Liberty and Heresy, 1700-1760 -- Chapter 1 Pleasures and Liberation from Religious Supervision -- Chapter 2 Temptations of Fashion and Passion -- Chapter 3 The Mystical Sect: Subversive Sabbateans -- Chapter 4 The Rationalist Sect: Neo-Karaites and Deists -- PART II. A New World, 1760-80 -- Chapter 5 Providence Is Tested: Secularization on the Rise in the 1760s -- Chapter 6 The Supremacy of Nature: Deists on the Margins -- Chapter 7 The Emergence of the New World -- PART III. The Overturned World, 1780-90 -- Chapter 8 Scandals and Rebellions -- Chapter 9 Replacing Mosaic Laws with Laws of Freedom -- PART IV. Anxieties and Confrontations, 1790-1800 -- Chapter 10 On the Decline of Judaism: The Last Decade -- Chapter 11 Soon Our Faith Will Be Lost: Deists and Believers -- Summary Free Jews and the Origins of Secularization -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- Acknowledgments