Testing Wars in the Public Schools : : A Forgotten History / / William J. Reese.
Written tests to evaluate students were a radical and controversial innovation when American educators began adopting them in the 1800s. Testing quickly became a key factor in the political battles during this period that gave birth to America's modern public school system. William J. Reese off...
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Superior document: | Title is part of eBook package: De Gruyter E-BOOK GESAMTPAKET / COMPLETE PACKAGE 2013 |
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Place / Publishing House: | Cambridge, MA : : Harvard University Press, , [2013] ©2013 |
Year of Publication: | 2013 |
Language: | English |
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Physical Description: | 1 online resource |
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100 | 1 | |a Reese, William J., |e author. | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Testing Wars in the Public Schools : |b A Forgotten History / |c William J. Reese. |
264 | 1 | |a Cambridge, MA : |b Harvard University Press, |c [2013] | |
264 | 4 | |c ©2013 | |
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505 | 0 | 0 | |t Frontmatter -- |t Contents -- |t Introduction -- |t CHAPTER 1. Festivals of Learning -- |t CHAPTER 2. A-Putting Down Sin -- |t CHAPTER 3. Screwing Machines -- |t CHAPTER 4. A Pile of Thunder-Bolts -- |t CHAPTER 5. Thanatopsis and Square Roots -- |t CHAPTER 6. Chewing Pencil Tops -- |t CHAPTER 7. The Culture of Testing -- |t Epilogue -- |t Notes -- |t Acknowledgments -- |t Index |
506 | 0 | |a restricted access |u http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec |f online access with authorization |2 star | |
520 | |a Written tests to evaluate students were a radical and controversial innovation when American educators began adopting them in the 1800s. Testing quickly became a key factor in the political battles during this period that gave birth to America's modern public school system. William J. Reese offers a richly detailed history of an educational revolution that has so far been only partially told. Single-classroom schools were the norm throughout the United States at the turn of the nineteenth century. Pupils demonstrated their knowledge by rote recitation of lessons and were often assessed according to criteria of behavior and discipline having little to do with academics. Convinced of the inadequacy of this system, the reformer Horace Mann and allies on the Boston School Committee crafted America's first written exam and administered it as a surprise in local schools in 1845. The embarrassingly poor results became front-page news and led to the first serious consideration of tests as a useful pedagogic tool and objective measure of student achievement. A generation after Mann's experiment, testing had become widespread. Despite critics' ongoing claims that exams narrowed the curriculum, ruined children's health, and turned teachers into automatons, once tests took root in American schools their legitimacy was never seriously challenged. Testing Wars in the Public Schools puts contemporary battles over scholastic standards and benchmarks into perspective by showcasing the historic successes and limitations of the pencil-and-paper exam. | ||
530 | |a Issued also in print. | ||
538 | |a Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web. | ||
546 | |a In English. | ||
588 | 0 | |a Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 08. Jul 2019) | |
650 | 0 | |a Educational tests and measurements |z United States |x History |y 19th century. | |
650 | 0 | |a Public schools |z United States |x History |y 19th century. | |
650 | 4 | |a EDUCATION / Educational Policy & Reform / General. | |
650 | 4 | |a EDUCATION / Testing & Measurement. | |
650 | 4 | |a HISTORY / United States / 19th Century. | |
650 | 7 | |a EDUCATION / History. |2 bisacsh | |
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