Beyond Data : : Human Rights, Ethical and Social Impact Assessment in AI.

• Superior document: Information Technology and Law Series ; v.36
• Author: Mantelero, Alessandro.
• TeilnehmendeR: Mantelero, Alessandro.
• Place / Publishing House: The Hague : : T.M.C. Asser Press,, 2022.; Ã2022.
• Year of Publication: 2022
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Series: Information Technology and Law Series
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (215 pages)

Table of Contents

• Intro
• Foreword
• Preface
• Contents
• About the Author
• 1 Beyond Data
• Abstract
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Rise and Fall of Individual Sovereignty Over Data Use
• 1.3 Reconsidering Self-determination: Towards a Safe Environment
• 1.4 A Paradigm Shift: The Focus on Risk Assessment
• 1.5 HRESIA: A Multi-layered Process
• 1.6 The Role of Experts
• 1.7 Assessing the Impact of Data-Intensive AI Applications: HRESIA Versus PIA/DPIA, SIA and EtIA
• 1.8 The HRESIA and Collective Dimension of Data Use
• 1.9 Advantages of the Proposed Approach
• 1.10 Summary
• References
• 2 Human Rights Impact Assessment and AI
• Abstract
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 A Legal Approach to AI-Related Risks
• 2.3 Human Rights Impact Assessment of AI in the HRESIA Model
• 2.3.1 Planning and Scoping
• 2.3.2 Data Collection and the Risk Analysis Methodology
• 2.4 The Implementation of the Model
• 2.4.1 A Case Study on Consumer Devices Equipped with AI
• 2.4.1.1 Planning and Scoping
• 2.4.1.2 Initial Risk Analysis and Assessment
• 2.4.1.3 Results of the Initial Assessment
• 2.4.1.4 Mitigation Measures and Re-assessment
• 2.4.2 A Large-Scale Case Study: Smart City Government
• 2.5 Summary
• References
• 3 The Social and Ethical Component in AI Systems Design and Management
• Abstract
• 3.1 Beyond Human Rights Impact Assessment
• 3.1.1 The Socio-ethical Framework: Uncertainty, Heterogeneity and Context Dependence
• 3.1.2 The Risk of a 'Transplant' of Ethical Values
• 3.1.3 Embedding Ethical and Societal Values
• 3.1.4 The Role of the Committee of Experts: Corporate Case Studies
• 3.2 Existing Models in Medical Ethics and Research Committees
• 3.2.1 Clinical Ethics Committees
• 3.2.2 Research Ethics Committees
• 3.2.3 Ethics Committees for Clinical Trials
• 3.2.4 Main Inputs in Addressing Ethical and Societal Issues in AI.
• 3.3 Ad Hoc HRESIA Committees: Role, Nature, and Composition
• 3.4 Rights-Holder Participation and Stakeholder Engagement
• 3.5 Summary
• References
• 4 Regulating AI
• Abstract
• 4.1 Regulating AI: Three Different Approaches to Regulation
• 4.2 The Principles-Based Approach
• 4.2.1 Key Principles from Personal Data Regulation
• 4.2.1.1 Primacy of the Human Being
• 4.2.1.2 Human Control and Oversight
• 4.2.1.3 Participation and Democratic Oversight on AI Development
• 4.2.1.4 Transparency and Intelligibility
• 4.2.1.5 Precautionary Approach and Risk Management
• 4.2.1.6 Accountability
• 4.2.1.7 Data Minimisation and Data Quality
• 4.2.1.8 Role of Experts and Participation
• 4.2.1.9 Algorithm Vigilance
• 4.2.2 Key Principles from Biomedicine Regulation
• 4.2.2.1 Primacy of the Human Being
• 4.2.2.2 Equitable Access to Health Care
• 4.2.2.3 Acceptability
• 4.2.2.4 Principle of Beneficence
• 4.2.2.5 Private Life and Right to Information
• 4.2.2.6 Professional Standards
• 4.2.2.7 Non-discrimination
• 4.2.2.8 Role of Experts
• 4.2.2.9 Public Debate
• 4.2.3 A Contribution to a Future Principles-Based Regulation of AI
• 4.3 From Design to Law - The European Approaches and the Regulatory Paradox
• 4.3.1 The Council of Europe's Risk-Based Approach Centred on Human Rights, Democracy and Rule of Law
• 4.3.2 The European Commission's Proposal (AIA) and Its Conformity-Oriented Approach
• 4.4 The HRESIA Model's Contribution to the Different Approaches
• 4.5 Summary
• References
• 5 Open Issues and Conclusions
• Abstract
• 5.1 Addressing the Challenges of AI
• 5.2 The Global Dimension of AI
• 5.3 Future Scenarios
• References
• Index.