Wadi Flash Floods : : Challenges and Advanced Approaches for Disaster Risk Reduction.

Wadi Flash Floods : : Challenges and Advanced Approaches for Disaster Risk Reduction.

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Bibliographic Details
Superior document:Natural Disaster Science and Mitigation Engineering: DPRI Reports
:
Sumi, Tetsuya.
TeilnehmendeR:
Kantoush, Sameh A.
Saber, Mohamed.
Place / Publishing House:Singapore : : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,, 2021.
©2022.
Year of Publication:2021
Edition:1st ed.
Language:English
Series:Natural Disaster Science and Mitigation Engineering: DPRI Reports
Online Access:
Physical Description:1 online resource (559 pages)
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Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgements
  • Summary
  • Reviewers List
  • Contents
  • About the Editors
  • Part I Wadi Flash Flood Challenges and Strategies
  • 1 Integrated Strategies for the Management of Wadi Flash Floods in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Arid Zones: The ISFF Project
  • Abstract
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 ISFF Project
  • 1.3 Extreme WFF Events and Disasters in Wadi Systems in the MENA Region
  • 1.4 Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Wadi Flash Flood Events
  • 1.5 Rainstorms and Tropical Cyclones from the Indian Ocean
  • 1.6 Impacts of Extreme Event Occurrences on Management
  • 1.7 Hydrological Measurements of Wadi Systems and Flash Flood Forecasting
  • 1.8 Image-Based Techniques
  • 1.9 Risk Assessment Methods
  • 1.10 Wadi Hydrological Modelling and Approaches
  • 1.11 Utilized Hydrological Models in Arid Areas
  • 1.12 Surface Runoff Interaction with Groundwater
  • 1.13 Mitigation Measures Against Wadi Flash Floods
  • 1.14 Structural Measures
  • 1.15 Non-structural Measures
  • 1.16 Preparedness and Emergency Planning
  • 1.17 Education and Modification of Human Actions
  • 1.18 Integrated Wadi Flash Flood Management and Strategies
  • 1.19 Recommendations and Feedback from ISFF Participants
  • 1.20 Research Challenges
  • 1.21 Methods
  • 1.22 Mitigation Measures
  • 1.23 Conclusions
  • References
  • 2 Flood Risk Management Practices in Morocco: Facts and Challenges
  • Abstract
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Overview of Flood Events in Morocco
  • 2.2.1 Flood Events Historical Data
  • 2.2.2 Flood Types Description
  • 2.2.3 Climate Change and Extreme Rainfall Trends
  • 2.2.4 Hydrological Impact of Climate Change
  • 2.3 Flood Risk Management Framework
  • 2.3.1 Management Approach
  • 2.3.2 Institutional, Legal, and Policy Frameworks
  • 2.4 Technical Aspects of Flood Risk Assessment Methods
  • 2.4.1 The PNI Assessment Method.
  • 2.4.2 The PDAIRE Method
  • 2.4.3 The MnhPRA Assessment Method
  • 2.4.4 The OECD Approach
  • 2.5 Flood Control Practices
  • 2.5.1 Dams for Flood Control
  • 2.5.2 Other Structural Measures
  • 2.5.3 Flood Warning Systems for Flood Prevention
  • 2.5.4 Other Non-structural Measures
  • 2.6 Swot Analysis and Recommendations
  • References
  • 3 Flood Analysis and Mitigation Strategies in Algeria
  • Abstract
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Reviewed Studies on Floods
  • 3.3 Flood Inventory in Algeria
  • 3.4 Notable Flash Floods in Algeria
  • 3.4.1 Bab El Oued Flash Flood (Urban Flash Flood)
  • 3.4.2 Wadi M'zab Flash Flood (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
  • 3.5 Monitoring and Data Availability in Algeria
  • 3.6 Forecasting and Early Warning Systems
  • 3.7 Urbanization and the Increase in Vulnerability
  • 3.8 Floods and Climate Change
  • 3.9 Integrated Flood Risk Management Strategy in Algeria
  • 3.10 Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
  • Part II Hydrometeorology and Climate Changes
  • 4 Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Temperature and Precipitation Over India
  • Abstract
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 The d4PDF and Analysis Procedures
  • 4.3 Validation of d4PDF Data Over India
  • 4.4 Climate Change Over India Under Global Warming
  • 4.4.1 Projected Changes in Temperature Distribution
  • 4.4.2 Projected Changes in Precipitation Distribution
  • 4.4.3 Projected Changes in Extreme Events
  • 4.4.4 Projected Changes in Other Climatic Variables
  • 4.5 Discussion
  • 4.6 Conclusions
  • Declarations
  • References
  • 5 Analysis of the Hydrological Behavior of Watersheds in the Context of Climate Change (Northwestern Algeria)
  • Abstract
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Methods and Materials
  • 5.2.1 Study Area
  • 5.2.2 Data Description
  • 5.2.3 Methodological Approach to Structural Break Detection
  • 5.2.3.1 Analysis of Variability of Meteorological Observations.
  • 5.2.3.2 Hydrological Modeling and Rainfall-Runoff Relation
  • 5.2.3.3 Description of the GR2M Model
  • 5.2.3.4 Mathematical Criterion for Optimizing the Model (Nash-Sutcliffe Criterion)
  • 5.2.3.5 Evaluation of the Robustness of the GR2M Model
  • 5.2.3.6 Cross-Simulation Approach: Trend Analysis of the Rainfall-Runoff Relation
  • 5.3 Results and Discussions
  • 5.3.1 Results
  • 5.3.1.1 Detection of Breaks in the Rainfall Time Series
  • 5.3.1.2 Detection of Breakpoints in the Runoff Time Series
  • 5.3.1.3 Study of Interannual Rainfall Variability
  • 5.3.1.4 Study of Interannual Hydrometric Variability
  • 5.3.1.5 Evaluation of the GR2M Model Applied to the Four Basins
  • 5.3.1.6 Study of the Trend of the Rainfall-Runoff Relation
  • 5.3.2 Discussions
  • 5.4 Conclusions
  • References
  • Part III Rainfall-Runoff Modeling and Approaches
  • 6 Validation of Flash Flood Simulations Using Satellite Images and Community-Based Observations-Impact of Infiltration and Small-Scale Topographical Features
  • Abstract
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Methods and Materials
  • 6.2.1 Shallow Water Flow Model
  • 6.2.2 Infiltration
  • 6.2.3 Study Area
  • 6.2.4 Data for Validation of Results
  • 6.2.4.1 Landsat 8 Images
  • 6.2.4.2 Pictures
  • 6.2.4.3 Statements
  • 6.3 Model Setup
  • 6.4 Results and Discussion
  • 6.4.1 Simulated Flow Field Without Infiltration
  • 6.4.2 Infiltration
  • 6.4.3 Correction of DSM
  • 6.5 Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • 7 Advanced Tools for Flood Management: An Early Warning System for Arid and Semiarid Regions
  • Abstract
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Tool Set for an Urban Area
  • 7.3 Flood Early Warning System in Action
  • 7.4 Wadi Flows and Hydrometric Network Development in Oman
  • 7.5 The Oman Flash Flood Guidance System
  • 7.6 Conclusions
  • References.
  • 8 Hydrologic Assessment of the Uncertainty of Six Remote Sensing Precipitation Estimates Driven by a Distributed Hydrologic Model in the Blue Nile Basin
  • Abstract
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Materials and Methods
  • 8.2.1 Study Area
  • 8.2.2 In Situ Precipitation and Discharge Datasets
  • 8.2.3 Remote Sensing Precipitation Estimation Products
  • 8.2.3.1 TRMM Products
  • 8.2.3.2 CMORPH Product
  • 8.2.3.3 PERSIANN Products
  • 8.2.3.4 GPCP-1DD Product
  • 8.2.4 Hydro-BEAM Model
  • 8.2.4.1 Parameters and Calibration
  • 8.2.5 Statistical Metrics for the Performance Evaluation
  • 8.2.5.1 Continuous Statistical Metrics
  • 8.2.5.2 Categorical Statistical Metrics
  • 8.2.5.3 Statistical Evaluation of the Hydrological Model
  • 8.3 Results and Discussions
  • 8.3.1 Comparison and Assessment of PESPs
  • 8.3.2 Comparison and Hydrologic Evaluations of Streamflow
  • 8.4 Conclusions
  • References
  • 9 Innovative Monitoring Techniques for Wadi Flash Flood by Using Image-Based Analysis
  • Abstract
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.1.1 Conventional Monitoring Techniques and Methods in Wadi Systems
  • 9.2 Image-Based Techniques
  • 9.2.1 Estimation of Peak Discharge Using the Slope-Area Method and Image Processing
  • 9.3 Methodology
  • 9.3.1 Study Area and Data Collection
  • 9.3.2 Image Preprocessing
  • 9.3.3 Computation of Surface Flow Velocities by LSPIV
  • 9.3.4 Calculation of Discharge
  • 9.4 Results
  • 9.4.1 LSPIV Velocity Result
  • 9.4.2 LSPIV Discharge Result
  • 9.5 Conclusions
  • References
  • 10 A Temporally Varied Rainfall Simulator for Flash Flood Studies
  • Abstract
  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 Material and Methods
  • 10.3 Results and Discussion
  • 10.4 Conclusions
  • References
  • Part IV Disaster Risk Reduction and Mitigation
  • 11 The Role of Urban Planning and Landscape Tools Concerning Flash Flood Risk Reduction Within Arid and Semiarid Regions
  • Abstract.
  • 11.1 Introduction
  • 11.1.1 Flood Causes, Classifications, and Types
  • 11.1.2 Urbanization and Flood Risk (FR) Impact
  • 11.1.3 Flood Risk Management (FRM)
  • 11.2 Mitigation Measures for Flood Risk Reduction
  • 11.2.1 Shortcomings of Structural and Nonstructural Mitigation Measures
  • 11.2.2 Nonstructural Mitigation Measures
  • 11.2.3 Urban Planning and Landscape Tools for Flood Risk Reduction
  • 11.2.3.1 Land Use Control and Flood Zoning
  • 11.2.3.2 Flood Proofing and Elevating Buildings
  • 11.2.3.3 Creation of Regulations and Enforcement Procedures
  • 11.2.3.4 Sustainable Infrastructure for Stormwater Management
  • Best Management Practices (BMPs) and Low Impact Development (LID)
  • Water-Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD)
  • Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS)
  • Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM)
  • 11.2.3.5 Sustainable Infrastructure Tools for Stormwater Management
  • Recharge Infiltration Tools
  • Detention Tools
  • Retention Tools
  • 11.3 Implementation of Specific Urban Water Management in Arid and Semiarid Regions
  • 11.3.1 Sponge City-China
  • 11.3.2 Recharge Infiltration-Egypt
  • 11.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • 12 Measuring Vulnerability to Flash Flood of Urban Dwellers
  • Abstract
  • 12.1 Introduction
  • 12.2 Flash Floods in Bangladesh
  • 12.3 Methods and Materials
  • 12.3.1 Study Area
  • 12.3.2 Climatic Conditions
  • 12.3.3 Frequency of Devastating Floods
  • 12.3.4 Topography and Geological Conditions
  • 12.3.5 Data Collection and Analysis
  • 12.3.6 Sampling Design
  • 12.3.7 Determination of Sample Size
  • 12.3.8 Methods for Vulnerability Mapping
  • 12.4 Results
  • 12.4.1 Measuring Social Vulnerability
  • 12.4.1.1 Education and Occupation
  • 12.4.1.2 Gender
  • 12.4.1.3 Age Structure
  • 12.4.1.4 Existence of Disable Persons
  • 12.4.1.5 Preparation
  • 12.4.1.6 Social Network
  • 12.4.2 Measuring Economic Vulnerability.
  • 12.4.2.1 Income.

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