Ray Tracing Gems II : : Next Generation Real-Time Rendering with DXR, Vulkan, and OptiX.

• Author: Marrs, Adam.
• TeilnehmendeR: Shirley, Peter.; Wald, Ingo.
• Place / Publishing House: Berkeley, CA : : Apress L. P.,, 2021.; Ã2021.
• Year of Publication: 2021
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (884 pages)

Table of Contents

• Intro
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Foreword
• CONTRIBUTORS
• NOTATION
• PART I RAY TRACING FOUNDATIONS
• CHAPTER 1 A BREAKNECK SUMMARY OF PHOTOGRAPHIC TERMS (AND THEIR UTILITY TO RAY TRACING)
• ABSTRACT
• 1.1 INTRODUCTION
• 1.2 DIGITAL SENSOR TECHNOLOGY
• 1.3 FILM
• 1.4 COMMON CAPTURE DIMENSIONS
• 1.5 COMMON CAPTURE RESOLUTIONS
• 1.6 LENSING
• 1.7 SHUTTER
• 1.8 EXPOSURE
• 1.9 EQUIVALENCY
• 1.10 PHYSICAL LENSES
• 1.11 BOKEH
• 1.12 VARIOUS LENS IMPERFECTIONS
• 1.13 OPTICAL ELEMENTS
• 1.14 ANAMORPHIC
• 1.15 CAMERA MOVEMENT
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 2 RAY AXIS-ALIGNED BOUNDING BOX INTERSECTION
• ABSTRACT
• 2.1 THE METHOD
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 3 ESSENTIAL RAY GENERATION SHADERS
• ABSTRACT
• 3.1 INTRODUCTION
• 3.2 CAMERA RAYS
• 3.2.1 CAMERA SPACE
• 3.2.2 NEAR AND FAR PLANES
• 3.2.3 SUPERSAMPLING
• 3.2.4 VIEW CAMERAS
• 3.2.5 PARAMETERS
• 3.3 PINHOLE PERSPECTIVE
• 3.4 THIN LENS
• 3.5 GENERALIZED PANINI
• 3.6 FISHEYE
• 3.7 LENSLET
• 3.8 OCTAHEDRAL
• 3.9 CUBE MAP
• 3.10 ORTHOGRAPHIC
• 3.11 FIBONACCI SPHERE
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 4 HACKING THE SHADOW TERMINATOR
• ABSTRACT
• 4.1 INTRODUCTION
• 4.2 RELATED WORK
• 4.3 MOVING THE INTERSECTION POINT IN HINDSIGHT
• 4.4 ANALYSIS
• 4.5 DISCUSSION AND LIMITATIONS
• 4.6 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 5 SAMPLING TEXTURES WITH MISSING DERIVATIVES
• ABSTRACT
• 5.1 INTRODUCTION
• 5.2 TEXTURE COORDINATE DERIVATIVES AT VISIBLE POINTS
• 5.2.1 INPUTS AND NOTATION
• 5.2.2 OVERVIEW
• 5.2.3 WORLD-SPACE DERIVATIVES For
• 5.2.4 FROM WORLD SPACE TO SCREEN SPACE
• 5.2.5 DEPTH DERIVATIVES
• 5.2.6 PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER
• 5.3 FURTHER APPLICATIONS
• 5.3.1 TRILINEAR SAMPLING
• 5.3.2 SECONDARY RAY INTERSECTION POINTS
• 5.3.3 MATERIAL GRAPHS
• 5.4 COMPARISON
• 5.5 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 6 DIFFERENTIAL BARYCENTRIC COORDINATES
• ABSTRACT.
• 6.1 BACKGROUND
• 6.2 METHOD
• 6.3 CODE
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 7 TEXTURE COORDINATE GRADIENTS ESTIMATION FOR RAY CONES
• ABSTRACT
• 7.1 BACKGROUND
• 7.2 RAY CONE GRADIENTS
• 7.3 COMPARISON AND RESULTS
• 7.4 SAMPLE CODE
• 7.5 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 8 REFLECTION AND REFRACTION FORMULAS
• ABSTRACT
• 8.1 REFLECTION
• 8.2 REFRACTION
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 9 THE SCHLICK FRESNEL APPROXIMATION
• ABSTRACT
• 9.1 INTRODUCTION
• 9.2 THE FRESNEL EQUATIONS
• 9.3 THE SCHLICK APPROXIMATION
• 9.4 DIELECTRICS VS. CONDUCTORS
• 9.5 APPROXIMATIONS FOR MODELING THE REFLECTANCE OF METALS
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 10 REFRACTION RAY CONES FOR TEXTURE LEVEL OF DETAIL
• ABSTRACT
• 10.1 INTRODUCTION
• 10.2 OUR METHOD
• 10.3 RESULTS
• 10.4 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 11 HANDLING TRANSLUCENCY WITH REAL-TIME RAY TRACING
• ABSTRACT
• 11.1 CATEGORIES OF TRANSLUCENT MATERIAL
• 11.2 OVERVIEW
• 11.3 SINGLE TRANSLUCENT PASS
• 11.4 PIPELINE SETUP
• 11.5 VISIBILITY FOR SEMITRANSPARENT MATERIALS
• 11.6 CONCLUSION
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 12 MOTION BLUR CORNER CASES
• ABSTRACT
• 12.1 INTRODUCTION
• 12.2 DEALING WITH VARYING MOTION SAMPLE COUNTS
• 12.2.1 MOTIVATION
• 12.2.2 TIME SAMPLE UNIFORMIZATION
• 12.3 COMBINING TRANSFORMATION AND DEFORMATION MOTION
• 12.4 INCOHERENT MOTION
• 12.5 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 13 FAST SPECTRAL UPSAMPLING OF VOLUME ATTENUATION COEFFICIENTS
• ABSTRACT
• 13.1 INTRODUCTION
• 13.1.1 KNOWN SOLUTIONS
• 13.2 PROPOSED SOLUTION
• 13.2.1 OPTIMIZING THRESHOLD VALUES
• 13.2.2 EXAMPLE OPTIMIZED VALUES
• 13.3 RESULTS
• 13.4 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 14 THE REFERENCE PATH TRACER
• ABSTRACT
• 14.1 INTRODUCTION
• 14.2 ALGORITHM
• 14.3 IMPLEMENTATION
• 14.3.1 ACCELERATION STRUCTURE MEMORY
• 14.3.2 PRIMARY RAYS
• 14.3.3 LOADING GEOMETRY AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES.
• 14.3.4 RANDOM NUMBER GENERATION
• 14.3.5 ACCUMULATION AND ANTIALIASING
• 14.3.6 TRACING PATHS
• 14.3.7 VIRTUAL LIGHTS AND SHADOW RAYS
• SELECTING LIGHTS
• 14.4 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• PART II APIS AND TOOLS
• CHAPTER 15 THE SHADER BINDING TABLE DEMYSTIFIED
• ABSTRACT
• 15.1 THE SHADER BINDING TABLE
• 15.1.1 RAY GENERATION RECORDS
• 15.1.2 HIT GROUP RECORDS
• 15.1.3 MISS RECORDS
• 15.2 SHADER RECORD INDEX CALCULATION
• 15.2.1 HIT GROUP RECORDS
• 15.2.2 MISS RECORDS
• 15.3 API-SPECIFIC DETAILS
• 15.3.1 DIRECTX RAYTRACING
• EMBEDDED SHADER RECORD PARAMETERS
• INSTANCE PARAMETERS
• TRACE RAY PARAMETERS
• 15.3.2 VULKAN KHR RAY TRACING
• SHADER RECORDS AND PARAMETERS
• INSTANCE PARAMETERS
• TRACE RAY PARAMETERS
• 15.3.3 OPTIX
• SHADER RECORDS AND PARAMETERS
• INSTANCE PARAMETERS
• TRACE RAY PARAMETERS
• 15.4 COMMON SHADER BINDING TABLE CONFIGURATIONS
• 15.4.1 A BASIC RAY TRACER
• 15.4.2 INSTANCING A BLAS WITH THE SAME HIT GROUP PARAMETERS
• 15.4.3 DROPPING THE SHADOW HIT GROUP WHEN RENDERING OPAQUE GEOMETRIES
• 15.4.4 A MINIMAL ONE OR TWO HIT GROUP RAY TRACER
• 15.4.5 DYNAMICALLY UPDATING THE SBT
• 15.5 SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 16 INTRODUCTION TO VULKAN RAY TRACING
• ABSTRACT
• 16.1 INTRODUCTION
• 16.2 OVERVIEW
• 16.3 GETTING STARTED
• 16.4 THE VULKAN RAY TRACING PIPELINE
• 16.5 HLSL/GLSL SUPPORT
• 16.5.1 GLSL
• 16.5.2 HLSL
• SHADER STAGES
• INTRINSIC VARIABLES AND FUNCTIONS
• SHADER RECORD BUFFER AND LOCAL ROOT SIGNATURES
• 16.6 RAY TRACING SHADER EXAMPLE
• 16.7 OVERVIEW OF HOST INITIALIZATION
• 16.8 VULKAN RAY TRACING SETUP
• 16.8.1 ACCELERATION STRUCTURES
• BOTTOM-LEVEL ACCELERATION STRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION
• TOP-LEVEL ACCELERATION STRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION
• 16.8.2 ACCELERATION STRUCTURE OPERATIONS
• CLONING ACCELERATION STRUCTURES
• REFITTING ACCELERATION STRUCTURES.
• COMPACTING ACCELERATION STRUCTURES
• SERIALIZING AND DESERIALIZING ACCELERATION STRUCTURES
• DESCRIPTOR SET LAYOUTS AND PIPELINE LAYOUTS
• 16.8.3 SHADER COMPILATION
• 16.9 CREATING VULKAN RAY TRACING PIPELINES
• 16.10 SHADER BINDING TABLES
• 16.11 RAY DISPATCH
• 16.12 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
• 16.13 CONCLUSION
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 17 USING BINDLESS RESOURCES WITH DIRECTX RAYTRACING
• ABSTRACT
• 17.1 INTRODUCTION
• 17.2 TRADITIONAL BINDING WITH DXR
• 17.3 BINDLESS RESOURCES IN D3D12
• 17.4 BINDLESS RESOURCES WITH DXR
• 17.5 PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS OF USING BINDLESS TECHNIQUES
• 17.5.1 MINIMUM HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
• 17.5.2 VALIDATION AND DEBUGGING TOOLS
• 17.5.3 CRASHES AND UNDEFINED BEHAVIOR
• 17.6 UPCOMING D3D12 FEATURES
• 17.7 CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 18 WEBRAYS: RAY TRACING ON THE WEB
• ABSTRACT
• 18.1 INTRODUCTION
• 18.2 FRAMEWORK ARCHITECTURE
• 18.2.1 DESIGN GOALS
• 18.2.2 HOST-SIDE API
• 18.2.3 DEVICE-SIDE API
• 18.2.4 ENGINE CORE
• 18.2.5 ACCELERATION DATA STRUCTURES
• 18.3 PROGRAMMING WITH WEBRAYS
• 18.3.1 SETUP
• 18.3.2 POPULATING THE ACCELERATION DATA STRUCTURES
• 18.3.3 RAY AND INTERSECTION BUFFERS
• 18.3.4 RAY GENERATION
• 18.3.5 HOST-SIDE INTERSECTIONS
• 18.3.6 DEVICE-SIDE INTERSECTIONS
• 18.4 USE CASES
• 18.4.1 AMBIENT OCCLUSION
• 18.4.2 PATH TRACING
• 18.4.3 HYBRID RENDERING
• AMBIENT OCCLUSION
• SHADOWS
• REFLECTION AND REFRACTION
• 18.4.4 RAY TRACING PROTOTYPING PLATFORM
• 18.5 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 19 VISUALIZING AND COMMUNICATING ERRORS IN RENDERED IMAGES
• ABSTRACT
• 19.1 INTRODUCTION
• 19.2 FLIP
• 19.2.1 LDR- FLIP
• 19.2.2 HDR- FLIP
• 19.3 THE TOOL
• 19.4 EXAMPLE USAGE AND OUTPUT
• 19.5 RENDERING ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION
• 19.6 APPENDIX: MEAN VERSUS WEIGHTED MEDIAN
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.
• REFERENCES
• PART III SAMPLING
• CHAPTER 20 MULTIPLE IMPORTANCE SAMPLING 101
• ABSTRACT
• 20.1 DIRECT LIGHT ESTIMATION
• 20.1.1 COSINE HEMISPHERE SAMPLING
• 20.1.2 MATERIAL SAMPLING
• 20.1.3 LIGHT SAMPLING
• 20.1.4 CHOOSING A TECHNIQUE
• 20.1.5 MULTIPLE IMPORTANCE SAMPLING
• 20.2 A PATH TRACER WITH MIS
• 20.3 CLOSING WORDS AND FURTHER READING
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 21 THE ALIAS METHOD FOR SAMPLING DISCRETE DISTRIBUTIONS
• ABSTRACT
• 21.1 INTRODUCTION
• 21.2 BASIC INTUITION
• 21.3 THE ALIAS METHOD
• 21.4 ALIAS TABLE CONSTRUCTION
• 21.5 ADDITIONAL READING AND RESOURCES
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 22 WEIGHTED RESERVOIR SAMPLING: RANDOMLY SAMPLING STREAMS
• ABSTRACT
• 22.1 INTRODUCTION
• 22.2 USAGE IN COMPUTER GRAPHICS
• 22.3 PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
• 22.4 RESERVOIR SAMPLING WITH OR WITHOUT REPLACEMENT
• 22.5 SIMPLE ALGORITHM FOR SAMPLING WITH REPLACEMENT
• 22.6 WEIGHTED RESERVOIR SAMPLING FOR K &gt
• 1
• 22.7 AN INTERESTING PROPERTY
• 22.8 ADDITIONAL READING
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 23 RENDERING MANY LIGHTS WITH GRID-BASED RESERVOIRS
• ABSTRACT
• 23.1 INTRODUCTION
• 23.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
• 23.2.1 RESAMPLED IMPORTANCE SAMPLING
• 23.2.2 RESERVOIR
• 23.3 GRID-BASED RESERVOIRS
• 23.3.1 SELECTING LIGHT SAMPLES FOR THE GRID
• 23.3.2 SAMPLING THE LIGHT FOR SHADING
• 23.4 IMPLEMENTATION
• 23.4.1 CONSTRUCTION OF THE GRID
• POSITIONING THE GRID
• BUILDING CELL RESERVOIRS
• TEMPORAL EUSE
• DYNAMIC LIGHTS
• 23.4.2 SAMPLING FROM THE GRID
• 23.5 RESULTS
• 23.6 CONCLUSIONS
• REFERENCES
• CHAPTER 24 USING BLUE NOISE FOR RAY TRACED SOFT SHADOWS
• ABSTRACT
• 24.1 INTRODUCTION
• 24.2 OVERVIEW
• 24.3 BLUE NOISE SAMPLES
• 24.4 BLUE NOISE MASKS
• 24.5 VOID AND CLUSTER ALGORITHM
• 24.5.1 INITIAL BINARY PATTERN
• 24.5.2 PHASE I: MAKE PATTERN PROGRESSIVE
• 24.5.3 PHASE II: FIRST HALF OF PIXELS.
• 24.5.4 PHASE III: SECOND HALF OF PIXELS.