Metallurgy in Ancient Ecuador : : A Study of the Collection of Archaeological Metallurgy of the Ministry of Culture, Ecuador.

This study aims to collect and systematise the existing general knowledge about pre-Hispanic metallurgy of Ecuador and the specific data concerning the collection of the Banco Central. The result is the most comprehensive book on Ecuadorian metallurgy to date.

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Bibliographic Details
Superior document:Archaeopress Pre-Columbian Archaeology Series ; v.5
:
Place / Publishing House:Oxford : : Archaeopress,, 2015.
©2015.
Year of Publication:2015
Edition:1st ed.
Language:English
Series:Archaeopress Pre-Columbian Archaeology Series
Online Access:
Physical Description:1 online resource (223 pages)
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Table of Contents:
  • Cover
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • Contents
  • List of Figures
  • Resumen en español
  • Acknowledgements
  • Introduction
  • The collection of the Ministry of Culture
  • Figure 1 Museo Nacional del Ecuador in Quito, house of the collection of pre-Hispanic archaeological metal objects
  • Figure 2 Provenances of metallic objects of the collection of the Ministry of Culture of Ecuador
  • Previous studies on the pre-Hispanic metallurgy of Ecuador
  • Figure 3 Olaf Holm, one of the pioneers of the study of metal artefacts in Ecuador
  • Metallogenesis and metal resources in Ecuador
  • Figure 4 Chimborazo the highest strato-volcano in Ecuador
  • metal deposits are associated to volcanic activity.
  • Figure 5 Alluvial river placers like this one in the lowlands of the Pacific coast abound in gold and platinum.
  • Early finds and the Initial Period
  • Great Regional Groups: La Tolita -Tumaco
  • Geographic Distribution
  • Chronology
  • Technology
  • Typology and classification
  • Figure 6 Provenances of La Tolita - Tumaco
  • Figure 7 Provenance of La Tolita - Tumaco metal objects in southern Colombia
  • Figure 8 La Tolita - Tumaco gold anthropomorphic mask with extensions imitating the rays of the sun: 40 x 60 x 0.3 cms.
  • Figure 9 La Tolita - Tumaco gold and platinum zoomorphic mask: 7.5 x 5.5 x 4 cms.
  • Figure 10 La Tolita - Tumaco gold and platinum with sodalite inlays anthropomorphic mask: 9.6 x 9 x 5.6 cms.
  • Figures 11 and 12 La Tolita - Tumaco gold ear pendants: 16 x 4.6 x 1.2 and 16.2 x 4 x 1.2 cms.
  • Figure 13 La Tolita - Tumaco gold and platinum zoomorphic mask, two components: 4.7 x 8.1 x 0.3 and 5.3 x 7.7 x 2.6 cms.
  • Figure 14 La Tolita - Tumaco gold and platinum anthropomorphic mask: 19.8 x 19.8 x 9.6 cms.
  • Figure 15 La Tolita - Tumaco gold crest for diadem: 22.3 x 32 x 0.2 cms.
  • Figure 16 La Tolita - Tumaco gold necklace: 1.9 x 78 x 0.1 cms.
  • Figure 17 La Tolita - Tumaco gold zoomorphic figure: 4.4 x 4.2 x 21.7 cms.
  • Figure 18 La Tolita - Tumaco copper axe: 11 x 7 x 2.5 cms.
  • Great Regional Groups: Jama - Coaque
  • Geographical distribution
  • Chronology
  • Technology
  • Typology and classification
  • Figure 19 Provenances of Jama - Coaque metal objects
  • Figure 20 Jama - Coaque gold pendants: 9 x 7 x 6
  • 13 x 7.5 x 4 and 12.8 x 7.9 x 4.4 cms.
  • Figure 21 Jama - Coaque gold bowl: 3.4 x 12 cms.
  • Figures 22 and 23 Jama - Coaque gold ear pendants:
  • Figure 24 Jama - Coaque gold breastplate with zoomorphic figure:
  • Great Regional Groups: Bahia
  • Geographic distribution
  • Chronology
  • Technology
  • Figure 25 Provenance of Bahia metal objects
  • Figure 26 Bahia silver votive figure shaped as a raft: 6.8 x 10 x 19 cms.
  • Figure 27 Bahia gold snail cover: 9.5 x 10.2 x 21.2 cms.
  • Figure 28 Bahia silver chest guard: 8.7 x 17.4 x 0.3 cms.
  • Figure 29 Bahia gold pair of ear pendants: 12.8 x 3.4 x 3.3 and 12.6 x 3.7 x 3 cms.
  • Great Regional Groups: Milagro - Quevedo
  • Geographic Distribution
  • Chronology
  • Technology
  • Typology and classification
  • Figure 30 Provenance of Milagro - Manatňo
  • Figure 31 Milagro - Quevedo copper crucible: 3.2 x 12 x 12 cms.
  • Figure 32 Milagro - Quevedo copper mould: 1.2 x 7.7 x 17.1 cms.
  • Figure 33 Milagro - Quevedo copper staff: 30 x 11.1 x 2.8 cms.
  • Figure 34 Milagro - Quevedo copper axe-monies: 10.5 x 10 x 0.5
  • 9.2 x 8.3 x 05 and 10.9 x 10 x 0.5 cms.
  • Figure 35 Milagro - Quevedo gold nose ornament: 4 x 5.6 x 0.4 cms.
  • Figure 36 Milagro - Quevedo gold spiral nose ornament: 2.6 x 1.4 x 0.1 cms.
  • Great Regional Groups: Manteño - Huancavilca
  • Geographic Distribution
  • Chronology
  • Technology
  • Typology and classification.
  • Figure 36 provenances for Manteño - Huancavilca metal objects
  • Figure 38 Manteño - Huancavilca silver and copper mask with crown: 30.5 x 18.3 x 15.3 cms.
  • Figure 39 Manteño - Huancavilca silver and copper mask with crown:
  • Figure 40 Manteño - Huancavilca silver breastplate: 23.3 x 23 x 0.9 cms.
  • Figure 41 Manteño - Huancavilca silver plaque: 13 x 31 x 0.1 cms.
  • Figure 42 Manteño - Huancavilca copper axe: 14 x 16.3 x 0.6 cms.
  • Figure 43 Manteño - Huancavilca copper breastplate, tinculpa style:
  • Great Regional Groups: Puruha
  • Geographic Distribution
  • Chronology
  • Technology
  • Typology and classification
  • Figure 44 Provenance of Puruha metal objects
  • Figure 45 - Puruha gold spear throwers: 45 x 1.4
  • 46 x 1.4 and 45 x 1.8 cms.
  • Figure 46 - Puruha giant copper tupo: 45.8 x 13.5 x 1 cms.
  • Figure 47 - Puruha copper crown: 21 x 16.3 cms.
  • Figures 48 and 49 - Puruha gold ear pendants with zoomorphic figures: 7.2 x 6.5 x 2.9 and 6.7 x 6.7 x w2.9 cms.
  • Figures 50 and 51 - Puruha gold and silver ear pendants:
  • Figure 52 - Puruha gold and silver nose ornament: 5.1 x 5.8 x 0.2 cms.
  • Figure 53 - Puruha gold anthropomorphic pendant: 4.2 x 4 x 1 cms.
  • Great Regional Groups: Cañari
  • Geographic Distribution
  • Chronology
  • Technology
  • Typology and classification
  • Figure 54 Povenance of Cañari metal objects
  • Figure 55 - Cañari gold diadem: 6.9 x 9.7 x 1.3 cms.
  • Figure 56 - Cañari gold with Spondylus inlays ear pendant lid: 6.3 x 1 cms.
  • Figure 57 - Cañari gold ear pendant lid: 8.8 x 0.3 cms.
  • Figure 58 - Cañari gold pendant with anthropomorphic figures: 7.4 x 6.9 x 0.4 cms.
  • Great Regional Groups: Carchi - Nariño
  • Geographic Distribution
  • Chronology
  • Technology
  • Typology and classification
  • Figure 59 Provenenace of Carchi - Nariño metal objects.
  • Figure 60 Figure 59 Provenenace of Carchi - Nariño metal objects in southern Colombia
  • Figure 61 - Carchi - Nariño gold mask: 14.6 x 9.4 x 1.8 cms.
  • Figure 62 - Carchi - Nariño tombac ear pendants, tinculpa style:
  • Figure 63 - Carchi - Nariño gold ear pendants with zoomorphic figures:
  • Figure 64 Carchi - Nariño tombac nose ornament: 6.5 x 16 x 0.5 cms.
  • Figure 65 Carchi - Nariño tombac necklace: 11 x 5 x 0.5 cms.
  • Figure 66 Carchi - Nariño gold pendant shaped as a bird: 13.3 x 16.8 x 0.5 cms.
  • Figure 67 Carchi - Nariño gold pendant shaped as a bird: 13.2 x 11.4 x 1.8 cms.
  • Figure 68 Carchi - Nariño tombac breastplate: 24.5 x 28 x 0.8 cms.
  • Isolated finds and problematic Groups
  • The Coast
  • The Sierra
  • Discussion
  • Figure 69 Provenance of metal objects with no cultural attribution
  • The Inca metallurgical integration
  • Geographic Distribution
  • Technology
  • Typology and classification
  • Figure 70 - Provenance of Inca metal objects
  • Figure 71 Inca silver ceremonial vase (kero): 17.8 x 16.7 cms.
  • Figure 72 Inca silver arivaloid bottle: 39 x 29 cms.
  • Figure 73 Inca gold and silver votive figures: 2.9 x 1 x 1 and 2.9 x 1 x 1 cms.
  • Figure 74 Inca gold tupo: 13.5 x 1.6 x 3 cms.
  • Figure 75 Inca bronze axe: 8.4 x 8.2 x 0.3 cms.
  • Figure 76 Inca bronze head breaker: 2.6 x 9.4 x 1.5 cms.
  • Iconography and symbolism in metallurgy
  • Synthesis
  • An interpretative proposal for the development of metallurgy in Ecuador
  • References.