Technological and Institutional Innovations for Marginalized Smallholders in Agricultural Development.

• Author: Gatzweiler, Franz W.
• TeilnehmendeR: von Braun, Joachim.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2016.; ©2016.
• Year of Publication: 2016
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (442 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Innovation for Marginalized Smallholder Farmers and Development: An Overview and Implications for Policy and Resear... -- Introduction -- Defining Small Farms Comprehensively -- Determinants of ``Smallness ́́of Farms -- Patterns and Change of Small Farms -- Size and Productivity -- Persisting Rural Poverty and Untapped Potential -- Innovation Strategies for the Rural Poor -- Overview: Innovative Intensification and Diversification for and with Marginalized Small Farmers -- Conclusions and Implications for Policy and Research -- References -- Part I: Innovation for the Rural Poor: Theory, Trends and Impacts -- Chapter 2: Institutional and Technological Innovations in Polycentric Systems: Pathways for Escaping Marginality -- Innovation in Polycentric Systems -- Marginality in Polycentric Systems -- Pathways Out of Marginality: Institutional and Technological Innovations -- Enabling and Inhibiting Functions of Institutions -- Horizontal and Vertical Value Creating Institutions in Polycentric Order -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Innovations for Food and Nutrition Security: Impacts and Trends -- Introduction -- Current FNS Situation -- The Main Features of Technological and Institutional Innovations for FNS -- The Impacts of Innovations -- The Impact of New Platform Technology -- ICT -- Biofortification -- The Impact of Traditional Technology Through the Home Garden -- Future Trends and Priorities of FNS Innovation: A Stakeholder Survey -- General FNS Awareness -- Agricultural Innovations and FNS -- Conclusions -- Appendix -- References -- Chapter 4: Psychology of Innovation: Innovating Human Psychology? -- Creative Process, Marginality and the Need to Innovate/Renovate -- Innovation as the `Lava ́from the Fount of Creativity: Few Behavioral Characteristics.

Psychology Behind Innovations -- Modelling Creativity in Innovation Management -- Innovation Diffusion: Identifying Barriers and Processes of Change -- Some Self-introspective Questions: Poverty or Innovations? -- Where Is Novelty and Innovation in the Lives of the Poor and Why Is It Necessary? -- Do Poverty, Deprivation, and Adversity Mar Capacities That Drive Novelty-Seeking Behavior? -- References -- Chapter 5: An Optimization Model for Technology Adoption of Marginalized Smallholders -- Background -- Theoretical Analysis -- The Optimization Problem for Rural Households Under the Poverty Line -- The Optimization Problem for Rural Households Under the Survival Line -- Theoretical Support for Government Intervention -- Budget Injection for Extremely Poor Rural Households -- The Improvement of Technology Adoption -- Improvement in Input Elasticities -- Reduction of Transaction Costs -- Conclusions -- References -- Part II: Diversification of Agricultural Production and Income -- Chapter 6: The BRAC Approach to Small Farmer Innovations -- Introduction -- BRAC Agriculture and Food Security Program: Partnership Is the Key -- BRAC Innovations for Small Farmer Agriculture -- Technology Innovation -- G-1: Market Share of BRAC Seed in Bangladesh -- Technology with Financial Support -- Agriculture Commodities Marketing Support -- Extension Innovation -- BRAC Innovations and the Future Outlook for Agriculture and Food Security Programs -- Bangladesh -- BRAC International -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7: Agricultural Research and Extension Linkages in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia -- Introduction -- Research: Extension Linkage Models -- History of Research and Extension Organizations and Linkage in Ethiopia -- Current Mechanisms for Research and Extension Linkage -- Conclusions -- References.

Chapter 8: Institutional Innovations for Encouraging Private Sector Investments: Reducing Transaction Costs on the Ethiopian F... -- Introduction -- Seed Production in Ethiopia -- Why Is There Not More Investment in Seed Production? -- Institutions Preventing the Private Sector from Increasing Seed Production -- What Is the Nature of Transaction Costs Arising in the Ethiopian Seed System? -- The Direct Seed Marketing Pilots -- Institutional Innovations to Improve Seed Supply and Access to Improved Seed -- How Can These Changes Be Brought About? -- References -- Chapter 9: Agricultural Service Delivery Through Mobile Phones: Local Innovation and Technological Opportunities in Kenya -- Introduction -- Kenyaś ICT Ecosystem for Local Entrepreneurs -- Opportunities -- Network Infrastructure -- A Supportive Innovation Environment -- Government Policy -- M-Pesa -- A Growing Customer Base -- and Challenges -- M-Services for Kenyan Farmers -- Box 9.1: The Case of M-Farm -- Mobile Technology Outlook -- Diversity of Mobile Connected Devices -- Internet of Things -- Capitalizing on Big Networks -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10: Identification and Acceleration of Farmer Innovativeness in Upper East Ghana -- Introduction -- Farmer Innovation Contest -- Impact Evaluation of Farmer Field Fora -- Farmer Field Fora -- Empirical Method -- Data -- Descriptive Statistics -- Probability of FFF Participation -- Effect of FFF Participation on Farmer Innovation -- Conclusions -- Appendices -- Appendix 1: List of Applications Received in Innovation Contest Rounds 2012 and 2013, as Well as Additional 20 Innovations Ide... -- Appendix 2: Test of Matching Quality (Kernel Matching) -- References -- Chapter 11: Gender, Social Equity and Innovations in Smallholder Farming Systems: Pitfalls and Pathways -- Introduction.

Gender and the Adoption of Agricultural Innovations -- Concepts -- Analytical Categories for Identifying Opportunities and Trade-Offs in Innovations -- Technological Innovations in Agriculture from a Gender and Social Perspective -- The Case of Conservation Agriculture -- The Case of Small-Scale Biomass Production for Decentralized Bio-energy -- Opportunities and Pathways to Enhance Gender and Social Equity Through Sustainable Intensification -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 12: Assessing the Sustainability of Agricultural Technology Options for Poor Rural Farmers -- Background -- Evaluating Technologies for Innovation assessmentSustainable Agriculture -- Analytical Framework -- Criteria for Sustainable Agriculture -- Application of the Tool -- Results -- Limitations of the Framework -- Future Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 13: Land Degradation and Sustainable Land Management Innovations in Central Asia -- Introduction -- The Conceptual Framework -- Constraints, Drivers and Impacts of SLM Adoption in Central Asia -- Lessons Learnt from Previous Experiences -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14: Biomass-Based Value Webs: A Novel Perspective for Emerging Bioeconomies in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Challenges for the Food and Agricultural System in Sub-Saharan African Countries -- Africaś Biomass Potential -- The Emerging Bioeconomy -- The Bioeconomy Will Intensify the Ties Between Biomass Production and Processing -- Change Perspectives Towards an Innovative Approach: Biomass-Based Value Web -- Conclusions and Implications -- References -- Part III: Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture -- Chapter 15: Adoption of Stress-Tolerant Rice Varieties in Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Data -- Sampling -- Survey Questionnaire -- Training and Survey Administration -- Data Entry, Cleaning, and Analysis -- Profile of Survey Farmers.

Household Characteristics -- Inequality in Distribution of Operated Land -- Farm-Size Groups and Size of Operated Land -- Patterns of Land Tenure -- Irrigation -- Share of Rice Crops on Total Rice Land -- Usage of Modern Rice Varieties -- Usage of CSISA-Promoted Rice Varieties by Number of Rice Farmers in the FTF Zone -- Area Covered by CSISA-Promoted Rice Varieties -- Paddy Yields -- Patterns of Seed Use -- The Determinants of Farmers ́Adoption and Duration of Farm Technologies -- Cohort Analysis and Survivor Functions of CSISA Varieties -- Determinants of Time-to-Adoption of CSISA Varieties -- Determinants of Duration of CSISA Varieties Technology -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 16: More Than Cereal-Based Cropping Innovations for Improving Food and Livelihood Security of Poor Smallholders in Mar... -- Introduction -- Conceptual Framework and Methods for Analysis -- Selection of Study Areas, Sample for Assessment and Survey Methodology -- Results and Discussion -- Bio-Physical Conditions for the Poor SHs in the Marginal Sub-Districts in Bangladesh: Unused Potentials -- Box 16.1: Farmers Are Physically Weak and Naturally Vulnerable -- Number and Characteristics of the Poor at Each Poverty Strata -- Poor SHs Livelihood Capitals as Per Stratification -- Poor SHs ́Livelihood Opportunities and Income Pattern Across Poverty Strata -- Segmentation of Poor SHs: Findings from Cluster Analysis -- Technology Innovations for Poor Small Holders and the Barriers: Beyond Crop Technology Innovations -- Conclusions -- Annex 1: Characteristics of Poor SHs with Regard to Crop Technology Innovations in Marginality Hotspots with Agricultural Pote... -- Annex 2: Strata of Specific Livelihood Options for Poor SHs in Marginality Hotspots in Bangladesh -- Annex 3: Technology Innovations for Marginal Areas: Results from the TIGA Perception Study 2013 -- References.

Chapter 17: Integrated Rice-Fish Farming System in Bangladesh: An Ex-ante Value Chain Evaluation Framework.