Organic Waste Composting Through Nexus Thinking : : Practices, Policies, and Trends.

• Author: Hettiarachchi, Hiroshan.
• TeilnehmendeR: Caucci, Serena.; Schwärzel, Kai.
• Place / Publishing House: Cham : : Springer International Publishing AG,, 2020.; ©2020.
• Year of Publication: 2020
• Edition: 1st ed.
• Language: English
• Physical Description: 1 online resource (236 pages)

Table of Contents

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Organic Waste Composting Through Nexus Thinking: Linking Soil and Waste as a Substantial Contribution to Sustainable Development -- 1 Background -- 2 Compost: A Sustainable Product for Soil Enrichment -- 3 Composting: A Sustainable Method of Managing Organic Waste -- 4 Bridging the Gaps Through Nexus Thinking -- 5 Composting in the Sustainable Development Agenda -- 6 Emerging Trends: New Opportunities Versus New Challenges -- 7 The Way Forward -- References -- Chapter 2: Composting as a Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategy: Lessons Learned from Cajicá, Colombia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Waste Management in Colombian Municipalities -- 2.1 Policy Support Received by Municipalities -- 2.2 Cajicá Municipality, Colombia -- 3 Green Containers Program: The Composting Initiative Launched by the Cajicá Municipality -- 3.1 Organic Waste Source Separation: Awareness Raising -- 3.2 Composting Process and Quality Control -- 4 Discussion: Lessons from Cajicá -- 4.1 Proper Planning and Stakeholder Involvement -- 4.2 The Business Model and Governance Aspects -- 4.3 Educating the Next Generation -- 4.4 Technology Adaptation to Local Conditions -- 4.5 Putting Nexus Thinking into Practice -- 4.6 Concerns -- 5 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Composting: A Sustainable Route for Processing of Biodegradable Waste in India -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Composting of Different Wastes -- 2.1 Agricultural/Lignocellulosic Waste -- 2.2 Sewage Sludge -- 2.3 MSW -- 2.4 Biomedical Waste -- 3 Composting Techniques Used in India -- 3.1 Conventional Composting Techniques -- 3.2 Novel Composting Techniques -- 4 Composting as a Technique for Solid Waste Management in the Indian Scenario -- 4.1 Composting in the City of Kolkata -- 4.2 The Scenario of Composting in Delhi -- 4.3 Status of Composting in Nagpur City.

4.4 The Scenario of Composting in Alappuzha and Thiruvananthapuram -- 4.5 The Overall Scenario of Composting in India -- 5 Capacity Building Efforts: Strategies and Schemes Launched by the Government of India -- 6 Conclusion and Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 4: Composting in Sri Lanka: Policies, Practices, Challenges, and Emerging Concerns -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Agricultural Nutrient Management Practices in Sri Lanka -- 3 Government Initiatives to Promote Composting -- 3.1 Standardisation and Recent Changes -- 3.2 Stakeholder Involvement: Good Practice Examples -- 4 Safety Concerns Raised by the Major Raw Materials Used -- 4.1 Making Compost out of MSW: Opportunity Versus Challenges -- 4.2 Poultry Litter/Manure as Raw Material for Composting and Its Associated Challenges -- 4.3 Challenges Associated with Composting Cattle Manure -- 4.4 Human Faeces as a Source of Raw Material in Composting -- 5 Environmental Impact: Status and the Way Forward -- 5.1 Impact on Soil Environment -- 5.2 Pollutants of Emerging Concern -- Organic Pollutants and Bio-aerosols -- Microplastics -- Antibiotic Resistance Determinants -- 5.3 The Way Forward -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5: Valuing Waste - A Multi-method Analysis of the Use of Household Refuse from Cooking and Sanitation for Soil Fertility Management in Tanzanian Smallholdings -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Sustainable Food Production and the 'Energy-Sanitation-Agriculture' Nexus -- 1.2 Objectives and Outline -- 2 Description of the Study Area -- 2.1 Location and Climate -- 2.2 Rural Livelihoods in Karagwe District -- 2.3 The Agroecosystem in Karagwe -- 2.4 Soil Pre-conditions in Karagwe -- 2.5 Soil Management Applied in Karagwe -- 3 Material and Methods -- 3.1 Case Study Projects and Technologies -- 3.2 Methods Applied to Study Recycling-Based Soil Management Strategies -- 4 Discussion of Results.

4.1 Laboratory-Based Characterisation of Locally Available Substrates -- 4.2 Empirical Study of the Use of Locally Available Substrates as Soil Fertility Improvers -- 4.3 SWIM -- 4.4 Soil Fertility Management Around the Energy-Sanitation-Agriculture Nexus -- 5 Discussion of Opportunities and Challenges -- 5.1 Utilising Biogas Slurry as a Fertiliser -- 5.2 Utilising Biochar for Composting -- 5.3 Utilising Faeces as a Compost Additive -- 5.4 Utilising Urine as Fertiliser and Compost Additive -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Urban Waste as a Resource: The Case of the Utilisation of Organic Waste to Improve Agriculture Productivity Project in Accra, Ghana -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Context -- 2.1 Strategic Focus and Methods Used -- 2.2 Project Actors -- 3 Data Collection and Analyses -- 4 Baseline Situation -- 4.1 Profile of Vulnerable Groups in the Municipality -- 4.2 Waste Management Practices in Local Markets -- 4.3 Farmers' Profile -- 4.4 Public Views on Compost-Grown Foods -- 4.5 Exploration of Business Models -- 5 Observations from Project Implementation -- 5.1 Knowledge Co-creation -- 5.2 Youth Engagement and Skill Training -- 5.3 Engagement of Market Traders and Waste Segregation -- 5.4 Farmer Engagement and Training -- 5.5 On-Farm Experimentation -- 5.6 The Business Model -- 6 Key Outcomes and Achievements -- 7 Challenges -- 7.1 Stakeholder Engagement with Government Agencies -- 7.2 The Low Level of Awareness of the Value of Compost -- 7.3 Practice of Non-segregation of Waste from Source -- 8 Sustainability Pathways -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7: Organic Waste Composting at Versalles: An Alternative That Contributes to the Economic, Social and Environmental Well-Being of Stakeholders -- 1 Introduction -- 2 General Aspects of the Locality -- 3 Management of MSW -- 3.1 Generation and Composition of the MSW.

3.2 Storage of MSW -- 3.3 Collection and Transport -- 3.4 Recovery and Recycling -- 4 Composting of Organic Waste -- 4.1 Technical Aspects -- Substrate Conditions -- Process Conditions -- Product Quality -- Improvement Strategies -- 4.2 Economic and Social Aspects -- 5 Final Considerations -- References -- Chapter 8: Traditional and Adapted Composting Practices Applied in Smallholder Banana-Coffee-Based Farming Systems: Case Studies from Kagera and Morogoro Regions, Tanzania -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Banana-Coffee-Based Farming Systems in the Highlands of Tanzania -- 3 Composting Practices -- 3.1 Traditional Practice: In-Situ and Pit Composting -- 3.2 Adapted Practice: On-Surface Composting -- 4 Case Studies -- 4.1 Traditional Composting in the Kagera Region -- 4.2 On-Surface Composting in the Morogoro Region -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Co-composting: An Opportunity to Produce Compost with Designated Tailor-Made Properties -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Co-composting: Organic Waste Composted with Inorganic and Biotic Additives -- 2.1 Effects of Additives on Composting Process and Compost Quality -- 2.2 Effects of Additives on Nutrient Concentration and Greenhouse Gas Emissions -- 2.3 Main Mechanisms Identified in Compost Science and in Co-composting Approaches -- 2.4 Legislative Aspects and Implications Within the European Union -- 3 A Proposal for an Improved Definition for Co-composting -- 4 Co-composting of Dredged Sediments with Green Waste to Produce Technosols: A Pilot Study -- 4.1 Materials and Methods -- 4.2 Key Observations -- 4.3 Legislative Issues Relating to Two Types of Waste - One Product Scenario -- 5 Discussion -- 5.1 Technical Mismatch and Legislative Gaps -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10: Biochar-Compost Mixtures as a Promising Solution to Organic Waste Management Within a Circular Holistic Approach.

1 Introduction -- 2 Organic Waste in a Linear Economy -- 3 Novel Mode of Action Founded on Circularity -- 3.1 Composting and Biochar: Synergism as a Support to the Holistic Approach -- 3.2 Recent Developments in BCM -- 3.3 Artificially Formed Terra Preta and Crop Growth -- 4 Untapped Economic Potential of Organic Waste -- 5 Barriers to the New, Holistic and Circular Approach -- 5.1 Lack of Innovative Supply Chains -- 5.2 Subsidising Policies -- 5.3 Non-holistic Policies -- 6 Looking Ahead to the Future Development of BCM -- 7 Conclusions -- References.